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Leader (1850-1860), 7th August 1852, Edition Town of 2, Page 743, Untitled Article

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      winded from any right of fishing within three miles r ° So coast of British America , and that the prescribed ^ TtiPfl of three miles is to be measured from the headii JI or extreme point of land next the sea of the coast or TthP entrance of bays or indents of the coast , and conse-Hv no riffht exists on the part of American citizens to qU . the bays of Nova Scotia , there to take fish , although Thine bein g within the bay , may be at a greater distance thn three miles from the shore of the bay . As we are of nion that the term headland is used in the treaty to ex-° P foe part of the land We have before mentioned , in-P j * 0 ^ t jje interior of the bays and the indents of the

      C The vessels of war mentioned in the above circular destch are expected to be upon the coast of British North America during the present month ( July ) , when , no doubt , seizures will beg in to be made of American fishing vessels , which in the autumn pursue their business intents on the coasts from which it is contended they are excluded by the Conve ' ntion of 1818 . „ ,,..., . » . , It is this construction of the intent and meaning of the Convention of 1818 for which the colonies have contended since 1841 , and which they have desired should be enforced . This the English Government has now , it would appear , consented to So , and the immediate effect will be the loss of the valuable fall fishing to American fisheries , a

      complete interruption of the extensive business of New England , attended by constant collision of the most unpleasant and exciting character , which may end in the destruction of human life in the involvment of the Government in a question of a very serious nature , threatening the peace of the two countries . Not agreeing that the construction thus put upon the treaty is conformable to the intention of the contracting parties , this information is , however , made public , to the end that those concerned in the American fisheries may perceive how the case at present stands , and be upon their guard . The whole subject will engage the immediate attention of Government . Danibl Webster , Secretary of State .

      This news was brought by the Washington on Saturday . The Atlantic arrived on Tuesday , and added other information . In the Senate of the United States , on the 23 rd of July , a resolution , calling for copies of all correspondence on the subject of the fisheries since 1818 , and also asking the President to state what steps he has taken in the matter , was passed without a dissentient , on the motion of Mr . Mason , of Virginia . The tone of most of the speakers was

      warlike , although none of them seemed to think war probable . They complained mainly of the want of courtesy on the part of the British Government in sending a fleet to enforce its own construction of the treaty of 1818 , without first bringing the matter before the Government of the United States . They complained , Mr . Mason especially , that the presence of an unusually large British naval force in those seas looked like an attempt to compel negotiation , which would be an insult to the American people .

      A despatch of Mr . Everett ' s , who was Minister in London in 1845 , has also been published by Mr . Webster . The gist of it is , that Lord Aberdeen conceded the right of Americans to fish in the Bay of Fundy ; b ut leaving it an open question whether they had the same right to fish in the other bays and waters . The squadron in the North American waters consists of thirteen vessels , under the command of Sir G . F . Seymour , whose flag is hoisted on the Cumberland , of seventy guns . The other vessels mount from twelve to two guns , except two , in all , 112 guns .

      The New York correspondent of the Times , writing on the 2 dth of July , « ays : — " There is much apprehension felt on the subject of the North-eastern fisheries . The subject came before the Senate yesterday , and men of all parties used very strong language . Orders have been received in New York for the immediate despatch of a vessel of war to the fishing banks . The publication of Mr . Everett ' s note on the subject in 1845 leads everybody to suppose that Earl Derby hits taken rashly nn untenable position . The Americans are very sensitive on the subject of their fisheries , and , if a war should grow out of this matter , it would bo the most popular war we have ever had . The most prompt and vi gorous measures are being taken by the President and Mr . Webster . "

      Untitled Article

      GENERAL P 1 KKCH AND TIIK " TIMES . " " T 1113 he are two reasons , " says the New York correspondent of tho Times , " why a very large proportion of our best citizens in all tho States desiro to have General Pierce succeed . Tho first in , that ho has always been known as a firm and unwavering Conservative in respect ; to tho constitutional laws of the country , particularly in their reference to tho institution of shivery , 't is not supposed that ho , nor any other man at tho

      north ; is an advocate of that institution , but rather laments its existence as a stain upon the national *! H < 'o < : heon , and an over-present reproach to the American M'publio ; but tho great agitation which lias prevailed <>» tho slavery question haw but little to do with the moral ,: of slavery ; tho discussions have taken almost 'xchiHivol y a political party driit , and tho riso or fall of 11 particular clique or . sot of partisans has governed tho » ' »« and full of the negro agitation . On thin question

      General Pierce occupies precisely the same ground as Mr . Webster ; and when the Secretary of State paid his accustomed yearly visit in 1850 to his birth-place in New Hampshire , whither he has now gone for a period of relaxation and summer amusement , Mr . Pierce was one of the few visitor guests whom he clustered around his table to congratulate each other on the passage of the great compromise measures , which imparted afresh interpretation and even a deeper sanction to those provisions of the constitution which place the institution of slavery entirely within tho control of those States

      where it exists . On this question , therefore , there will be no war made against General Pierce by the majority of the Whig party , for the Whig convention at Baltimore adopted substantially and by a large majority the same " platform" on the subject of slavery as was adopted by the Democrats ; but many leading men of the Whig party repudiate altogether this national convention " platform , " and the more radical of them pretend to say that they can sustain the claims of General Scott to the Presidency without abandoning their free soil and abolition agitation .

      The second reason why the election of General Pierce is regarded as being of great importance is his wellknown advocacy at former periods of the principles of freedom of commerce . As a party , the Democrats have always been favourable to Free-trade , and one of the principal causes why Henry Clay , who was for so long a time the most active and illustrious leader of the Whigs , never could become President was his hostility to Free-trade and his unqualified preference for the doctrine of Protection . This doctrine has now been exploded' —the disapprobation of the American people Las been stamped upon it as an unsound , unwise , and suicidal policy , even more clearly , perhaps , here than in

      Great Britain itself . England is deeply interested in the triumph of her own Free-trade policy in this country . The American people know this ; the victory which was gained by Sir Robert Peel and his associates for Free-trade had great influence in America , and the discussions that attended the progress of that peaceful but glorious revolution were widely read in this country . It is well-known that Mr . Webster ' s views have undergone a change in this subject , not so great , perhaps , as Sir Robert Peel ' s , but he has for some years been travelling on the same road , and I should not be surprised within twelve monihs to see him advocate quite as radical a policy in this respect as his great English contemporary . "

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      THE RAISING OF THE FIRST COLUMN OF THE NEW CRYSTAL . PALACE . The ceremony of raising the first column of the New Crystal Palace at Sydenham , henceforth to be called the Palace of the People , was performed on Thursday , at Penge Park , the site of the new structure . A special train was provided for the conveyance of between three and four hundred visitors' to witness the ceremony , who were assured by means of printed programmes that conveyances would be in waiting to convey visitors to the park from the Sydenham station . Right merrily the train proceeded to Sydenham , and three hundred and fifty passengers alighted there , and rushed frantically to look for the conveyances . There must be some mistake ; nothing was to bo found but a travelling " tinker ' s cart . " The train had better go on to Anerloy . The passengers resumed their seats amid sundry misgivings as to the time that the next down train would bo due . Ultimately , Anorley station was reached , and , animated with that instinctive love of " self " common to Englishmen , tho road to tho park was reached , when , lo ! and behold , cue " Brixton omnibus , " " licensed to carry twelve inside , " and an indefinite number outside . It was clear to demonstration that neither legally nor physically could 350 visitors be conveyed in the one " bus ; " and the remaining

      animated " bales of silk , " and " chests of bullion , " according to tho phraseology of the London and Brighton directorate , made their way to tho entrance of tho park , about a mile distant from the station , where the expected vehicles and their drivers were quietly reposing themselves in the shade . Having thus escaped tho dangers of the rail and tho perils of tho road , tho visitors were most cordially received by tho chairman and directors of tho company , after which reception they proceeded to a hccoikI tent , whoro an opportunity was

      afforded of oxumining the plans and drawings of tho new building and park and gardens . A cardboard modol , showing tho elevation of tho building , with its throe transepts and circular arched nave , was universally admiral , aa was also a view of tho interior of tho nave , around tho columns and girders of which woro most tastefully entwined beauUlUl climbing plants ; while tho palm and other tropical plants appeared to afford a most agreeable and rofroHhing h 1 iu < 1 o . Tho groundplan of tho building and of tho galleries wuh iiIho examined with considerable intercut ; and tho spaco set

      apart for the exhibition of articles of manufacture and ait was carefully conned over by many who had already achieved their laui'els in the late Great Exhibition , and who were again prepared to stand forward in support of British industry . In the examination of the plans and drawings , and in walking over the grounds , time wore on ; until at length , shortly after two o ' clock , the ladies commenced occupying the seats assigned for them , round a spacious area marked off by ropes , and indicating the site of the future great central transept ; the gentlemen forming a second line behind the ladies . Shortly afterwards , preceded by the band of the Coldstream Guards , came a procession headed by a number of workmen bearing an immense white

      banner , on which was inscribed in blue letters , "jSuccess to the Palace of the People , " and followed by Mr . Laing , M . P ., Mr . C . Fuller , Mr . Schuster , and the other directors of the company ; Sir C . Fox , Mr . Henderson , Mr . Jobson , Mr . Cochrane , Sir J . Paxfcon , Mr . D . Wyatt , Mr . O . Jones , Mr . Belsliaw , and a number of other gentlemen connected with the undertaking . The signal being given , a number of the workmen in right good style , and with lusty lungs , proceeded to haul up the column above the base plate and socket , when Mr . Laing stepped forward , and deposited in the lower portion of the column a glass vessel , containing the coins of the realm , and bearing the following inscription : —

      This Column , The first support of the Crystal Palace , A Building of purely English Architecture destined for the recreation and instruction of the Million , "Was erected on the 5 th day of August , 1852 , In the 16 th year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria , By Samuel Laing , Esq ., M . P ., Chairman of the Crystal Palace Company . The original structure , of which this column forms a part , was built after the design of Sir Joseph Pax ton , by Messrs . Fox , Henderson and Co ., and stood in Hyde-park , where it received the contributions of all Nations at the World ' s Exhibition , In the Year of Our Lord , 1851 . "

      " I , your glass , Will modestly discover to yourself , That of yourself ¦ WTiich yet you know not of . " Mr . Laing , M . P ., Sir C . Fox , Mr . Henderson , and Mr . Cochrane then taking a winch from a silver salver , proceeded to secure the column to the base , by means of screws and nuts in the ordinary manner . A royal salute was then fired by the guns on the ground , the band struck up the National Anthem , and from old and young , from workman and master , rose one tremendous cheer for " The Queen and tho Palace of tlie

      People . " Mr . Laing , having screwed the column into its place amid loud cheers from the assembled company , proceeded to speak as follows : —Ladies and Gentlemen ,- —As Chairman of the Crystal Palace Company , the duty has devolved on me of fixing tho first column of the now structure which is intended to embody the glorious recollections of the Great Exhibition of 1851 as a fixed and abiding reality for purposes of national instruction and improvement . ( Cheers . ) The importance of such an object might well have demanded the presence on this occasion of some

      ono who occupies a iar more conspicuous position in the public eye than tho humble individual who now addresses you . I believe , however , that it is the very feeling which wo all entertain of tho deep importance of this great national undertaking which linn led us to tho conclusion that , at this stago of tho proceedings , the ceremony of inauguration would bo most fitly intrusted to tho official organ of the Company . ( Ifcar , hear . ) liecollecting , aa we all do , that the parent idea . which we aro now labouring to carry out in new and untried developments , originated with tho meritorious Princo whoso namo is so

      deservedly and intimately associated with the glories of tho Groat Exhibition ; recollecting also that tho fairy structure which is about , to riso like a pluunix , from its ashen , was no often honoured by tho presence of our gracious and beloved Sovoroign—I confess wo feel very strongly that any patronago short of tho very highest would be unworthy of tho objectn at which we aim , and of tho ontor << priso which wo have undertaken . ( Cheers . ) That such patronago will bo accorded to us if wo show ourselves worthy of it , I entertain no doubt . ( Hear , hoar . ) On all oeeasinnfl when the interests of nrfc and seienre nvn

      eoncorned , and , above all , when tho moral and intellectual improvement of tho mass of tho population aro in . quotation , tho country has nevor lacked—E will not say the patronago , but that which is worth all tho patronago in tho world — tho enlightened action and allcctionato solicitude of our Sovereign Lady tho Queen and her illustrious ) Consort . ( Loud cheers . ) At tho samo time , every ono must , feet that , in order to command such patronage , wo muni , show that wo deserve it ; and that until we have fully emerged from tho chrynolito btate of a commercial company , ami wishbut of

      given actual pledge , not ordy of our , our power , to carry out the high and noble objects by which wo profess to' bo animated , it , would bo jirdimituro , and oven presumptuous and disrespectful , to venture to solicit Huch patronago as wo are ambitious enough to say that wo hojio at some future and not very distant day , to obtain . ( Iloar , hoar . ) In tho meantime it only remains that wo , tho plain inon of tho people , should do our work quiotly and effectively , without parade or ostentation . And truly , whon we consider tho work which has this day boon formully commenced , it ia no light enterprise which lioa

      Untitled Article

      Augcst 7 , 1852 . ] THE LEADER . " . ;_ ... 743

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 7, 1852, page 743, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1946/page/3/