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Leader (1850-1860), 10th April 1852, Edition Town of 2, Page 342, Untitled Article

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      official memorandum , " had been -carried- on since the 15 th of February with great vigour and energy , " "but the expedition , at the date of the last advices , had not yet returned , and the actual result was consequently uncertain . . We do not observe that any . chief of consideration has been dislodged from his stronghold . Sandilli appears to maintain--himself in the Atnatolas and on the Upper Kieslcainmn , notwithstanding the operations of the patrols ; Stock is ensconced in the Fish Kiver Bush , which has already proved so dangerous to our

      troops ; and Macoino still holds the natural fortress of the Water Kloof , before which we suffered such annoyance . Sir William Molesworth ' s description of these retreats : — " Steep mountains capped with sandstone , resembling vast fortifications , with huge masses rising several feet from the surface of the ground , or deep , narrow , gloomy ravines , called 'Moots / both ravines and mountains being covered with the peculiar bush of South Africa , " Mill convey to the general reader an impressive idea of what remains to be accomplished so long as three of these fortresses are held each by a multitude of desperate savages well provisioned .

      SIB HENEY SMITH AND THE KAFIE CHIEFS . Memorandum . King William ' s Town , Jail . 00 . The messengers from . Bokoo and Mapassa , -who came to King William ' s Town with Lieutenant-Colonel Eyre ' s column , having been sent back with -the Governor ' s reply to Bokoo ' s entreaty for peace , returned on the evening of the 27 th inst ., and were heard by his Excellency on the , following morning . They spoke as follows : — " Bokoo thanks for the word—he thanks very much , as he owes his life to Smith . After lie had received the message he sent direct to Kreli , who also thanked for the word , and was very glad Bokoo had sent in and offered submission . Bokoo ' s words were his , and he also tenders

      submission : he also is Smith ' s child . Kreli is a child , and knows nothing ; let Smith and Bokoo talk , and he will do what they say . Bokoo said to Kreli , ' What is the use of your talking in this way ? your people are responsible to you , and are constantly ill-treating English people in your country . How do you account for your people acting as they do ? wHen I send in to beg for peace , they go and burn Butterworth Statio n- You must arrange this , and that speedily , and seek for Umgaza and the authors of this outrage ! ' Kreli assented , and said that these , were the two men who had caused all this mischief . He would seek thcmTbut , and not rest until he had found them . It was no fault of his ; the houses were burnt by bad man . This is all that passed between Kreli and Bokoo . We ( the present messengers ) took the message , "

      The Governor : Kreli does not think I send my message to him ? Messengers : No , Bokoo said it was Smith ' s answer to his message , and that he then sent to Kreli . Bokoo thanks Smith for his word , as he is no child , and hopes that in tendering his submission ho will be bclievcu to be in earnest , for what he does is in real good faith ., Bokoo hopes to receive an answer ; he has been punished , and now begs for peace and Smith ' s answer . Bokoo sent word to Kreli about the 1500 and 1000 head of cattle . Kreli said he woultl try and collect them , but it would bo difficult as so many of his people ' s cattlo liad been taken .

      The Governor then said : Listen now to what I have to say . Kreli ! Who is Kreli , who dares to send messages to me except by some of bis own great men P I will treat him as Chaka did bin onemios . lias lie no great men to sond ? Are they all killed in the colony , or with Kroli , when he fought at the Umvani , or in the late passago of the Kyo ? Or are they all thrown over tho krantz on the Basheo by the Colonial Fingoes P

      Terms Granted to Bokoo . Now , bear my word to Kroli , sont through Bokoo : — With Bokoo and Mapusaa I muko peace , and their enemies filiall bo my enemies , and Bokoo and Mapassa shall do all I order tfiein . Thoy must seizo and send to mcj any cattlo of the Gaikas which may bo driven into their country for protection ; their people may nit and reap their ficldfl . Bokoo shall send to Kroli to say I demand—1 . Five hundred bend of cattle for . tho destruction of Buttorworth . 2 . One thousand head for tho insults and injuries dono to tho traders . 3 . Tbut ho drive out of his country every Hottentot , and that bo " cats them up . " As . That ho expels from bin councils that old enemy of Government Tvlnbn Klabannd oats him up .

      , , 5 . That , bo forfeits all claim to any authority on thissido of tho Kei , and that ho sends no inoKsiigo to any chief on this nido of it . ( i . TIioho things duly agreed upon between mo and four of Kroli ' councillor , ' I will make peace with him wlion bin councillors nrrivo , which muHt bo in a fow days , or I . will amove tho troops again over tho Ko i r Hvvoop off tho rnst . of ] iis cattlo , and destroy bis corpa , ¦ wliilo Fnku , Noncmi , ILudidi , Joi , and olhoi-N , hIiiiII fall upon bin oneo rich fields , covered with herds , and goatH , and richly cultivated r _ _ i ¦ "B A . A ^ w iTl -A- ¦_ _ . 1 d ho outcaHtWhat bad

      ** ^ — ' ¦ they Hbu ) l bo a donor I ; an an . Kroli to complain of , Avhen bo did all ho could , nn ho called it " to drive tho English into ( ho mm ?" Now Kroli must hear why I wont to war : — When tho OJuikas wont to war , Kruli mm that tboir CKUHfl wan an unjust ono , and ho wjnfc ino a dun ox iin an ornblom of peace " , and in tolcon of bin amity . Aftor thin . 1 placed confidonco in him , and I . would not hcliovo ( ho roportu made mo—that ho wan encouraging ibo ( Jaikim , and that , many of bin people had joinod in tho war , and that others had robbed and nsaaulted tho tradow over' tho Koi .

      I called upon him to account for this . He saw Mr . Conway ; lie promised fairly ; sent messengers with Conway , promising to satisfy all just demands as soon as the war was over . I again believed him ; he then ordered the niissionary and traders to withdraw from Butterworth , and directed-tlnzuboo to see them out of the country , who refused , and said , the duty was too great for him , cfnlyj a chief under Kreli , that he ( Kroli ) must come and do it himself . The bold and firm conduct of tho Eev . Mr . Gladwin alone saved himself and the British . Kreli sent two messengers to Uinhala and Pato , desiring them to " join to drive the English into the sea . " Umbala listened , but his people as a body did not . Many ,

      very many , of his young men and the minor chief , Umfandisi , and all bis people , joined the Gaikas . I havo fined Umhala one thousand head of cattle . Pato assembled bis people to hear the message , that Kreli might know their feeling . The answer was , "We are all English—you , Kreli , must send us no more messages . " Pato added , " If the English are driven into the sea I will go with them . " Kreli next personally leads his people with , the Tambookies against the Boer commando , which had moved against the Tambookies to the Umvani , but had not crossed into Kreli ' s country . The Kafirs were beaten ; many slain . Kreli ' s people fled on horseback ; Kreli , in order to stop them , jumped off his horse , calling them to do sobut they fled .

      , _ The traders were again robbed ; a Kafir escort of TTmhala ' s , with some waggons from the Kei fired on , two of them wounded , their guns taken , traders' cattle seized ; redress was sought in vain . Kreli laughed at the application , and declared be was at war . When lie sent me the ox of peace I desired him not to allow the Gaika cattle to cross the Kei ; he promised , but be sheltered them . Where now is Kreli ' s great ox , Gugumba ? Taken by my people , and Kreli degraded . These are the causes why I invaded Kreli , and made Faku , Nonesi , and others fall upon him . Faku had not forgotten Kreli ' s treatment of his daughter . 0 t

      Kreli lias lost 30 , 000 bead of cattlo , 14 , 00 . goas , and many horses taken by the troops and allies ; hundreds of men slain . 7 , 000 Fingoes , whom he held in bondage as slaves , who , having thrown themselves under the protection of the troops , ¦ brought with them 30 , 000 more cattle , have joined the English and sought shelter in the colony . Kreli now wants peace ; lie would never have been at war had be listened to the advice of Bokoo , and Mapassa , and TTmguboo , all of Avhoni behaved well , until Kreli ordered them to fight . How dare Kreli say I went to war alone to redress the injur ies of the traders . That was cause sufficient , and for this I would have made war ; but bis object was to drive the English , into the sea . " Let him look at his own country now , and that of tho Gaikas ; their cattle swept off—their people slain—their country , like bis own , a desert— -thousands of Gaikas have fallen , excited to

      war by Kreli ! He had nothing to complain of ; be had a missionary—traders who dealt honestly with his peoplea resident" to bear his wishes ; be and his people had everything-they required , and were independent . Let him look at the T'Slambies , and observe the difference between war and peace—rich in cattlo , and happy—respecting their own chiefs—their chiefs attending to their oath to obey tho groat Queen of England and her Majesty ' s authorities . Kroli shall never bo recognised as a great chief ; he is a chief only between tho Kei and Basliee ; and unless ho enter into the terms I offer , I will , with Faku and others , make war on him till I cat him up . Bokoo ' s messengers again spoke . They thanked for the word tho Governor had just spoken , and said they did not think Bokoo was so much to blame as others , as he took caro of the traders as long as ho could .

      The Governor replied that that was true , and it was for that reason he was willing to mako a separate peace with Bokoo , and had sent a sealed message to him before tho troops crossed tho Koi , to tho effect that if his peoplo continued quiet and peaceable -they would not bo molested . Tho messengers then departed , orders being despatched by them ( through Kroli ) to Mr . Shaw , tho British rosidont at Morloy , to suspend hostilities beyond , the Kei . On tho morning of tho 27 th inst ., tho following messago wan dospatched by Mr . W . Fynn , tho lato resident with Kreli , to the Chief Umhala : —¦

      " Uhiof Umhala—Your conduct from tho commencement of tho rebellion has been shuffling and ovnsivo ; Homo orders of your commissioner you havo obeyed , others you havo disregarded . You listened to two of Krcli'a incHsonirors , and sent thorn to Pato , urging war . My " word" is , that you soi / . o all tho Gaika cattlo in your country accreted in tho krnalu of your peoplo ; that you " eat up" Knwni or Uinfandisi who went to war , although ho swore on my " stick " to command his pooplo under mo —and that you oat up all h ' m pooplo ; an d you will oat up ovory man of your tribo who has been out in tho war , " and ovory head of colonial cattlo , and ovory horso among your peoplo , I also demand . I will not receive less tliau 1000 bend of cnttlo in all—good cattle , not nuoh old trash as you formerly sonfc mo . This duly complied wjth , you and' your pooplo , ( heir cattlo and crops , will bo ro-Hpeoted . ' ( Signed ) " II . G . Smith . "

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      OUT-DOOR KKUKIj IN AUSTRALIA . This hist accoifnts from tlio gold regioiiH . of Australia arc of . grout intoroHt * . Hoth i ? i Now South WjiIoh and Victoria tho general hucccsh of tho miners Hceihn to havo boon uninterrupted ; but it is in tho latter colony that , tho most striking result * have boon realized . In tho week eruling tho 12 th of December tho amount of gold brought to Melbourne- under ewoort was 23 , 000 ounces ,

      and , coupled with what-was also brought by private hands , the total value was supposed to have been , equivalent to little short of 100 , 000 £ Kevr deposits of great richness had been discovered , and it was found almost impossible to retain any one at an brdinaly occupation . A recommendation from the Lieutenant-Governpr for a large increase in the pay of all the inferior Government employes"had . been carried by . a vote of l 7 to 12 .. ; Instances of disappointment , it is alleged , were hardly known . The . daily influx of new-comers , however , promised to put the permanent nature of the * yield to a strong test . Under the circumstances the Government had resolved to double the charge for license fees , and it was now therefore raised to 3 / . It was also to be

      enforced frein all persons m profitable employmentat the mines , such as tent-keepers , cooks , &c , irrespective of their not being engaged in the search for gold . Some doubt was entertained whether these alterations would be submitted to , and , it is obvious that even if such should be the case for the moment there will le ultimately great risk in carrying attempts . of this kind too far . The Australian , papers teem with news from the gold districts ; accounts of new diggings and rich yields , of large quantities of gold brought up by the traders or found by gold-seekers , and , withal , accounts of depopulation of less favoured localities , of crime at the diggings , of ineffectiveness of the police force , and of Lynch law . It is California all over again , bu ^ it would appear , California on a larger scale .

      There is enough in the accounts to show that emigrants have not only some good fortune to hope for , but that there are also dangers and temptations . " The present system of indiscriminate digging is calculated to produce the habit of gambling . " " We are sorry to learn that many of the diggers spend their Sundays at Braidwood in drunkenness and riot . " Such like remarks are tacked to the fag end of every letter from the gold districts . Crime , too , is rife among the miners . " Robberies / ' says one papely " are becoming fashionable in the Victoria gold fields . One poor fellow had 62 oz . stolen , from , him on Saturday last : another 30 ? .

      in notes ; another man had his tent cut open , but the robbers missed the purse . As for horse-stealing , it has become so common , that it is thought little of , except by the sufferers . " The Melbourne Daily I \ ews states that " a number of diggers have come to the town for the purpose of buying fire-arms . They have no protection on which they can depend , and they intend to keep in small bodies for their own protection . The diggings on an evening present a most extraordinary scene , much resembling a party who apprehended a surprise . Most of the diggers are armed to the teeth , and volley upon volley is fired , it being a rule to discharge nnd reload after 6 o ' clock every evening . "

      At the Ballarat diggings crime is fearfully on the increase . The diggers there are surrounded by a gang of vagabonds . They are altogether unprotected . Tlio police arc awed by the amount of crime , and not one of the officers dare lead his men into a mob to apprehend a murderer . Prize-fighting , gambling , and other indecencies prevail on Sundays . " On Sunday -week , " soys the Melbourne Herald , " several prize-fights ciimo o ( l" at Uallarat at the very time when the different

      ministers of the gospel were performing divine service . " There is n general outcry of indignation against tho Government for permitting theso practices . The Avgus says , " Lynch law with all its worst terrors is forced upon us by tho imbecility of our Government ,. " And tho Melbourne Herald protests that " the Govorimieiit must act with energy , and without loss of time , or clue si second California in Lynch law and riot lies lieforo us in all its hideous nnkednesa of crime . " Tho ncc < nmts

      of tho state of public morals at Turon and Ophir » ro nioro favourable . It appears that tho newest ( ligff >» n in particular are the hotbeds of licentiousneHs »» d crime . Old convictn , too , are obtaining an unonviablo notoriety in tho New "World . A letter from Sofalo mentiom an activo rogue , called Peter Koonoy , who mode his uppenranco at tho diggings . In lusciiae , however , tlio magistrates appear to havo acted with energy , for Poter Hooney was fined and ordered to leave the county .

      Somo of tlio most rich and productive gold-dig ^ nigh are within two duy »* walk of Melbourne , and letters dated Pccoinbor tho 17 th ntnte , that tho town now piTsontfl tho iinoinaly of Ji plnoo without any labouring ' population . ' " Every labouring man , Bailor , Hliop hcr < l , &t \ , has started oil . " Tho iimnmtH of tho imnionHO qiuin ' tiUcs of gold found at Hathurst and Port l'hilnp Imvo been mtlior iiiiduratatcd hitherto than exagROintfd . Tho Govonurient weekly escort from Hiithimrfywhicli nrrlvRjl at Molbourno on tlio 20 th of Nm-cmb ^ brought 10 , 109 oz . ; tho one of tho following "WCoK , 16 , G ( jS ) oz . ; and on tho week following , tho . iinnioueo amount of 2 G , G 5 Goz . Tnoro are now 20 , 000 pcapW M Mount Aloxandcr , where tho gold is found about MX incheu below the eurface , and a great deal also on tno

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      * Tho following aro tlio principal num who . havo bcon ongaRod in tho war , although thoro aro othorH : —Quiko , Maxunui , . Ifala , Goba , Udiilca , IJinxuma , UntHliikola , Mambono , Teoluiunchu , Ugani , Unxola , Tyta ( oHpoeially this man

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      342 THE L ErADEfl ; ' / ; . ¦ ' ; j ^ Rift ^

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), April 10, 1852, page 342, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1930/page/10/