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Leader (1850-1860), 8th November 1851, Edition Town of 2, Page 1057, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      r ~ If ^ f 7 of Italy . On such information I declare that , ? ides myself as regards Hungary , I know no man of be nation in the whole world who more fills the same ^ uatfo " of being the representative of the hopes of Italy ^ Josep h Mazzini . ( Loud cheers . ) That is not my I i £ f that is my knowledge , founded not on unilateral information , but on disinterested investigations in which mP honourable Englishmen had given assistance . ffi r , hear . ) This is my knowl edge of the situation of Mazzini with respect to Italy . { Hear , hear ) J will not v that there is not one or another party which does not nncur with him and his aims ; I will not say that the whole Tfalian nation is included in his individuality ; but this I i « nw . that a very large party—the only party that has a in his cheers

      future in Italy—is returned person . ( Loua . ) And of course this conviction points out the necessity , not only to be on a good understanding with him , but , if nossible to combine the direotion of the exertions of both nations , ' as there is an identity in their causes . I consider therefore , it is a happy circumstance that there ia a man who when we speak to him we speak to Italy , as in my case when you speak to me you speak to Hungary . With these opinions I can desire nothing more than frankly to give my hand to combined honourable action for the independence of Hungary and the independence nf Italy . ( Hear . ) As for the rest , as for Hungary , I

      have declared publicly that I believe my people share my conviction that the future organization of our countryprovided circumstances beyond the reach of man do not intervene— must rest on a Republican basis . That is my wish , because all our monarchical inclinations have , by the repeated falsehoods of the house of Hapsburg , been completely destroyed . { Hear , hear . ) I know that it is not so much the form of government that makes the happiness of the people , as it is the goodness and morality of the governors . { Hear , hear . ) Therefore , no government can be good wherein people have not full confidence in the governors and security for the future . ( Hear , hear . ) That is the case with Hungary . As to

      Italy , although I am not unacquainted with the aim . of the Italian nation as resumed in the person of Mazzini , still , as I stand here to claim the sovereign right of every nation to choose its own organization , and as I will not permit any foreign nation to interfere in the affairs of Hungary , neither will I interfere with the internal affairs of Italy . " Where people obtain power by obtaining independence , l et them regulate their own affaire ; and then if they do not , when masters of their fate , do what is best for the happiness of a nation , then I say that such a nation does not deserve to be happy . { Hear . )

      Therefore , I mix not with the internal affairs of Italy . "We have a common aim and a common enemy , and we must work in brotherhood to throw off the enemy of our mutual independence , and to dispose each of our home affairs , in an independent position . Acting on that basis , I declare that I will do everything possible to accomplish such , unity in action with the Italian nation , and I believe , that in saying so I am speaking the sentiments of my whole nation . For the rest , I believe that Italy will feel the duty of not hurting the sovereign right of Hungary to dispose of itself ; and I , on my part , give the assurance that I will have nothing to do with the interest or home questions of the Italians . "

      M . Kossuth then alluded to Socialism and Communism , and said that Hungary had nothing to do with these doctrines , because the people did not want them . He entered at length into an explanation of the reasons why Hungary did not want them , which , were satisfactory . The people have the land ; and had he remained longer in power , he would have distributed the public lands among the people . He wound up by a few hearty words , delivered with great force and feeling , thanking the deputation from the heart of his heart , and promising a written reply to their address . After a few minutes the deputation departed . IN THE PROVINCES .

      Manchester is not to be put down . Sir John Potter , Mayor , of that borough , refused to call a Bpecial meeting of the council to vote an address , although tho requisition was signed by fifteen councillors . At once , in a very short space of time , a large and distinguished committee was formed to undertake the onerous but graceful duty ; and representatives of the industry of the great towns of Lancashire rapidly sent in adhesions . On Wednesday they reached 400 in number : and on the lltli

      instant u banquet will be given at the Iree Tradehall , at which Kossuth has promised to attend , when addresses in shoals will be presented to him . Manchester is to bo made the great centre , it appears , of the district , and bodies of people arc coming to present addresses from many of the neighbouring towns . Amongst the first of these is Liverpool , from whence the deputation includes Mr . Kobortson Gladstone , 7 - W . Riithbonc , and other eminent men . Bradford is sending an address by a deputation , i ncluding Air . Robert Milligan , M . P ., Mr . Titus Salt , and Mr . Win ., Jtand , Mayor . Then , amoiigat other towns "' lidiii ^ deputations with addressee , are Ashton , "Wham , Rochdale , Clitheroe , Bolton , Burnley , and Dudley .

      5 > " Monday Kossuth will meet the men of Bir"" ngham on his way to Manchester ; on Wednesday « ddre-HH nuinst < u- , Derby , Coventry , Walmill , Wolvor-. "iinpton , AthclHtone , ( irantham , and many towiiH j tho Midland districts at . a great banquet to hv Jl < 'ld m the Town-hall of . Birmingham . The surpluH tj" ,. miH' » g from tho banquet will bo devoted to ll »« Hungarian cuuno , and placed at the disposal oi

      Kossuth , to be applied by him as may seem most advantageous . At the banquet the chair will be taken by Mr . Scholefleld , M . P ., and a most influential committee and list of vice-presidents have been formed . The Mayor of Dover presided over a public meeting in that city on Monday , at which an address was , on the motion of Mr . It . Friend , voted by acclamation to Louis Kossuth . The address was yesterday forwarded to Mr . Thornton Hunt , with a request that he would present it to the illustrious Exile .

      Untitled Article

      INTENDED DEPABTUKE OF KOSSUTH . The following communication has been received by the American consul at Southampton : — 80 , Eaton-place , October 30 , 1851 . My dear Sir , —I have seen the telegraph despatch addressed by you yesterday to Lord Dudley Stuart ; I write to eay that I will certainly proceed to New York on board the Washington , if you can make arrangements for that ship to sail from Southampton on the 14 th of November next , in the afternoon . I am , my dear Sir , yours truly , J . R . Croskey , Esq . L . Kossuth .

      Untitled Article

      M . KOSSUTH AND WALTER SAVAGE CANDOR . "Winchester , October 25 . Sir , —It is with peculiar satisfaction that I accept the address from the citizens of Bath , at the head of whose names I find one so distinguished , and so long familiar to me , as your own . Be assured that the sentiments you express are those which have ever animated me in all my efforts , and in every trust which my countrymen have confided to me . " Social order" I believe to be consistent alone with constitutional freedom . I have sought to insure the one by strengthening and enlarging , in peaceful and legal methods , the other . In this I have been consistently supported by my countrymen ; it has been all we aimed at . Your allusion to the potentate to whose firm and upright demeanour I owe so much , touches feelings of respect and gratitude which can never be effaced . I have the honour to be , Sir , with feelings of the highest esteem , your obedient servant , Walter Savage Landor , Esq . L . Kossuth .

      Untitled Article

      Bath , October 28 . Sir , —The ohief glory of my life is that I was first in subscribing for the assistance of the Hungarians at the commencement of their struggle : the next is , that I have received the approbation of their illustrious leader . I , who have held the hand of Kosciusko , now kiss with veneration the signature of Kossuth . No other man alive could confer an honour I would accept . Believe me , Sir , everyours most faithfully , Walter Savage Landor .

      Untitled Article

      KOSSUTH AND THE FRENCH EXILES . A deputation of proscribed Frenchmen now in England , headed by Louis Blanc , waited on Kossuth on Thursday , and presented an address of sympathy . The following passage in Kossuth ' s reply is very important . " My address to the city of Marseilles has made known that in my heart I should not make France responsible for the inhospitality of Louis Bonaparte . I have also affirmed in that address that I wish for my country the government of a republic . I am convinced that there is nothing possible henceforth in Europe , but the republic based on universal suffrage , with the principle of the solidarity of peoples and the independence of nations . I ought to add that I did not think the opinions which are now discussed in France can be applied

      elsewhere , for the present . As for mo , I do not wish to occupy myself with those ideas which divide France . 1 ought only to occupy myself with that which is of a nature to insure the independence of Hungary . If I have not manifested in England that thought which I expressed at Marseilles , it is because I do not wish to interfere in the affairs of a country which gives me hospitality , and whose assistance I desire for the future of Hungary , for which , I repeat , I wish the republic based upon universal suffrage . You speak of temptations which will be offered to detach me from the cause of democracy , nnd of homages which will be rendered me . It is right to tell you that I have seen none of these homages , and that , if temptations were tried to separate mo from the cause of the people , the attempts , of which J have seen no eign , would fail with me . " On hearing that the Engl ish papers had stuted that the address to the city of Marseilles was not his , Koflsuth appeared much surprised , and said , with marked emotion , that not having time to road the newspapers , he was entirely ignorant of what he had just heard , and added , that ho would send to tho papers a formal contradiction . An admirable address Iuih been published in the morning papers from Konsuth to tho people of the United States . It wus written a yoar ago , in captivity , at Broussn . It is an eloquent exposition of tho policy of tho Magyars , the animus of Austria , and the advance of Kuseia . One paragraph on tho latter subject wo quote : —

      " I hou ^ h my deur native JI unwary is trodden down , and the ( lower of her sons executed or wandering exiles ^ and I , her Governor , writing from m y prison in this distant Asiatic Turkey , I predict—and tho Et « nml God hears my prediction—that tlu-rc can be no freedom for tho continent of Europe , and that tho CoBsackd , from the shores of tho Don , will water their Bteedu in the

      Rhine unless liberty be restored to Hungary . It is only with Hungarian freedom that the European nations can be free ; and the smaller nationalities especially can have no future without us . " Kossuth Hung—in Effigy . —The Austrian Government have taken an imbecile revenge on Kossuth and other Hungarian patriots , who " failed to appear " before the court-martial at Pesth on the 22 nd ultimo , to which they had been summoned . The were all

      condemned in contumaciam , and hanged in effigy ; that is , a black board with the thirty-six names inscribed thereon in white letters , was affixed to the gallows . Such an affix on an Austrian political gallows is as good as a statue in the temple of Liberty . The anti-republican Government of France have followed up their rigorous persecutions of the press by refusing to Kossuth permission to pass through France , in obedience to the wishes of Austria and Russia . — Boston Transcript , October 16 .

      M . Kossuth called on Wednesday at Morley ' s Hotel , Trafalgar-square , to return the visit of Mr . Foldsom , Minister of the United States at the Hague ( Holland ) . He was met there by several American gentlemen ( ampng whom was the Honourable Mr . Rhett , of South Carolina , a member of the United States' Senate ) , who had been invited to be present at the interview , which lasted an hour .

      Untitled Article

      CONTINENTAL NOTES . The last meeting after a recess of the French Legislative Assembly , and the last Message of the first President of the Republic , are events to be remembered , after the one has disappeared and the other is forgotten . M . Louis Napoleon , after playing fast and loose with the factions who had . not elected him , and whose tool and tyrant he has been by fits and starts , now , at the last gasp of his prostituted ambition , remembers the Voice of the People , of the five million workmen and peasants to whom he owed his election , and there millions of whom he disfranchised , and proposes the abrogation of the law which he had borne aloft as the banner of his policy , and to which more than one retrograde Ministry has fallen a sacrifice ! Believe in the patriotism , the self-denial , the disinterestedness of the Prince-President after this latest proof of his devotion to France ! Did not the Emperor express his readiness to serve France on the eve of becoming Consul for life ? And how shall your mere Emperor ' s nephew not be willing to bear the burden of office for France ' s sake ? The beginning and the end of the Message are alone worth notice . The rest is the leather and prunella of " cooked" Governmental statistics , and a strange mixture of blind executive optimism and a pessimist exaggeration of " subversive antisocial tendencies . " Our first extract is a morsel of what may be called genuine " Russian Bear ' s grease . " How the French People w ill appreciate such a dictation , time and the hour of reparation will show : — " It appears , however , imprudent to flatter ourselves with illusions on this appearance of tranquillity . A vast demagogical conspiracy is now organizing in France and Europe ; secret societies are endeavouring to extend their ramifications even into the smalfest communes . All the madness and violence of party is brought forth , while these men are not even agreed on persons or things : they are agreed to meet io 1862 , not to construct , but to overthrow . Your patriotism and your courage , with

      which I shall endeavour to keep pace , will , I am sure , save France from the danger wherewith she ia threatened . But to conquer those dangers we must look at them without fear and without exaggeration , while we are convinced that , thanks to the strength of the administration , to the enlightened zeal of the magistrates , and to the devotion of the army , France will yet be saved . Let us therefore unite our efforts to deprive tho spirit of evil even of the hope of a momentary success . "

      In what respect M . Louis Napoleon has endeavoured to encourage those institutions destined to develope agricultural and commercial credit , to come by means of charitable institutions to the assistance of all poverty , which he declares to " have been and still to be his first care , " France knows already . We , at this distance , are unable to discover . The following brief and compendious iobuhio ol the interior administration of the country affords an interesting glance at the high degree of social and political liberty and comfort with which M . Louis Nupoleon ' s Exeoutivo hue endowed the citizens to whom ho so confidently appeals for a prolongation ol his powers .

      ' In the greater part of France ordinary measures have sufliced to insure order , but the state of siege maintained in the sixth military division hus had to be extended to the department of the Ardcchc , stained with tho blood of frequent collisions , and moro recently « tiJl to the departments of tho Cher nnd Marne , terrified by ii commencement of Jacquerie . At Lyons a strong and unique system of police lias been organized , embracing twelve towns or suburban communes , which the luw hus comprehended under the denomination of the Lyonnese agglomeration . ' Political refugees entered into dungerous affiliations . Some it was neccHHury to expel , but hospitality hub continue . l to be extended to very lar ^ o niiinhi'ru . A Hum of more than 'lM . OOOf . ban been divided among

      2000 refugeeH . " The vices of the municipal organisation spring from the lU'Ci'MHity uudur which tho Government found itHelf of in ono year revoking , on tho udvico of the Council of K > tutr , 601 dilative functionaries , of whom 278 were mayors , and 12 a adjoiuta . The diasolutionn

      Untitled Article

      Nov . 8 , 1851 . J ff |)|> & * && *? + 1057

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 8, 1851, page 1057, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1908/page/5/