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    ""^ The Austrian army joined him—the siege Vienna £ * £ and after that these two armies came into vtZJSy under the command of Windischgratz , calling Hungary u } humbie 8 elf , rebels . We opposed U 8 > SuKKled ! weT foug ht battles ; history will tell how-£ L ? £ ) -but still I must add one single thing , and that * that though we had been victorious , defeated the Imprtl armies in repeated battles , though the Emperor of Kria £ Ud a proclamation , dated the 4 th of March , ^ 49 when he , relying on the false report of the Camarilla fa victory in a battle that never was won , declared by tie scratch of his pen that he blotted out Hungwy frorn ? he list of nations , that that kingdom no more existed , Sat its constitution was torn up , and that Hungary was declared to be incorporated in the Austrian empire , and ruled on / nrdine to the laws which his good pleasure would give ; twithstanding we had beaten our enemies—notwithnotwi tnsiauuiuB « =

    oaMM 1 j oil t ? oc hotwoen ctandine this proclamation which severed all ties between Anatria and Hungary—still we did not even proclaim a fupture with thf House of Hapsburg . When did I "L the proposal no more to acknowledge the house of Hamburg ? When I got true and exact intelligence that the Russian intervention was decided on and had been accepted , and when I had got , I am sorry to say , ? Vw » intelligence that in order to avoid this Russian intervention we had no help in the world-from nobody-no , not one "—( Here , overcome by irrepressible emotion , the voice of M Kossuth faltered , he burst into tears , and for some moments was incapable of proceeding , while a burst of sympathy broke from the assembly . As soon as he had recovered he proceeded , still agitated)— " then I considered matters in my conscience , and I came to the rpsolution that , either my nation must submit to the if not

    deadly stroke aimed at her life , or , we were cowaras enough , not base enough to accept this suicide , at would not be amiss to put as the reward of our struggles—our fatal struggles—that which should have the merit of being worthy the sacrifice of the people ; and if we had to contest with two great empires , if we had no one to help us , if we had no friend , and to contest in our struggles for the liberties of Europe , because now the Hungarian question rose Europe " high , " it assumed the dignity of an European question—if it was our fate to struggle for the liberties of Europe as once we had struggled for her Christianity , and if God should bless us , I proposed as a reward the independence of Hungary , and it was

    accepted . ( Cheers . ) That is the statement , the brief—no , not the brief , but the true statement of the relations between Hungary and Austria . What was the result ? How we fell—let me not speak about it ( after a pause ) — that is a matter of too deep sorrow to dwell on . So much I can say , that , though forsaken by the whole world , I am to-day confident we would have been a match for the combined forces of these two despotical empires , but that it was my fault , and my debility that I , the governor of Hungary , who had the lead of this great cause , had not faculties enough to match Russian diplomacy , which knew how to introduce treason into our camp—( cheers )—but had I been capable even to imagine all these intrigues we should not have fallen . As it is , you know the House of Rapsburg as a dynasty is gone ;

    it exists no more—it merely vegetates . The Emperor can only act by the whim and will of his master , the Czar . If only the Czar would not threaten every portion of the world where the prayers for liberty rise up from the nation to Almighty God—if the people of England would only decide that the Russian should not put his foot on the nations of Europe—if England would but only say , Stop—and nothing more—the boast of Paskievitch , that ho would put his foot on the neck of Hungary , would never be realized , and Hungary , I am sure , would have knowledge enough , truth enough , and courage enough , to dispose of its own domestic matters , as it is the sovereign right of every nation of the world—( loud cheer *)—and to put down any aggression on her liberty . ( Cheers . )"

    After a few more words of gratitude and eulogy M . Kossuth resumed his sent amid rounds of cheers . The compwiy were then addressed by Lord Dudley Stuart and Mr . Cobden . The pith of the lalter gentleman ' s speech lay in the opening . He said : — " Mr . Mayor and Gentlemen , —I was rusticating in a neighbouring county , where I have been seeking some repose after the labours of a session more than usually laborious , and far more than usually unprofitable , and after labours of a more pleasing nature , such as entertaining friends come up to town to see the Exhibition , when 1 heard of M . Kossuth ' s arrival . 1 mention these facts , because it justifies me for not being on the Bpot to "witness the reception given to our distinguished visitor .

    { Cheers . ) But , gentlemen , the moment I received , in my somewhat outlandish retirement , the news of hia arrival in England , I started at once to pay him my Immble reBpects . Not that I had any doubt about his reception at Southampton—not that I fiared any want of zeal and enthusiasm among the people ; but because I saw an attempt made by a portion « f the press of this country upon a man who , after escaping the plots and snares of Austria , the scaffold , and the dangers of a barbarous climate , was about to visit « ur hospitable shores . I saw that an attempt was being made in England—hospitable England—to destroy , not life but the tion

    »> e , what he valued more dearly— reputa < " this man ; and from the moment 1 saw that dastardly attempt I determined to be here , to show these calumniatoru that , if theHo slanders reach his character , it shall oe only through ourselves . ( Loud cheers . ) We owe U » k , not only to our illustrious guest and the country "Which ho represents—not only to that great realm , America , whoae guest I may mill say he in , and whom 1 ««¦< - here represented by its worthy Consul , but we owe « to ourselves—to every man who haa a regard for tin : o « aracter of this nation , thut wo should come forward »»« vindicate ourselves from the charge of having a 'lure in th « most baoo aud dastardly uttempt that waa

    ever made to injure the character of any public man . ( Loud cheers ) . The remainder of his speech , contained hia famous doctrine of non-intervention modified slightly . He explained non-intervention to mean , that no nation had a right to interfere in the domestic affairs of another nation , and that we should not permit , without a protest , acts of barbarism similar to the Russian invasion of Hungary . Mr . Croskey spoke up for the Americans , who were , he said , partisans of non-intervention : —

    " The time would come , if it had not already come , when the United States wbuld be forced into taking more than an interest in European politics . When they should be so forced , he hoped they would still adhere to the advice of Washington , and , at the same time , require of other members of the great family of nations to adhere to the same doctrine . He hoped , when introduced into the arena of European politics , they would be introduced as the ally of England upon some such great constitutional cause as that of the independence of Hungary crushed by foreign intervention . Hand in hand with Great Britain , no combination of despotic Governments could reenact the terrible drama of placing the foot of absolutism upon the neck of national independence and constitutional freedom . ( Loud cheers . )"

    M . Kossuth again spoke and told a pretty story , with a view of illustrating the fact , that there are different ways of promoting the happiness and welfare of a people . " It is reported that the Sultan Saladin , the gallant enemy of Richard Cceur de Lion , once met a Jew named Aaron , called ' the Wise '; Saladin said to him—• How is it that you , who are a wise man , do not change your religion and become either a Christian or a Mahomedan , as , though they differ in doctrines , they agree upon one principal point ? Your religion teaches you to believe that God Almighty can only take to His bosom the members of your nation , whereas the Christian and

    Mahomedan religion teaches that , though there may be differences of faith among men , all may go , though by different ways , to heaven . ( Cheers . ) Why , therefore , do not you , who are known as a wise man , become a Christian or Mahomedan ? Is not this a subject for your serious consideration ? ' Aaron answered and said , There was once a Shah , who had in his possession a most precious ring , among the stones of which was an opal which had this singular quality , that it rendered whatever man wore the ring agreeable before God and man . The Shah grew old , having three sons , all of whom he loved equally well , so that he was at a loss to which he should give this precious ring , which would

    make the possessor agreeable both before God and man . At length he called upon a cunning goldsmith , and told him to make two other rings so exactly like the one he then had that even he himself should not be able to distinguish one ring from the other . Upon his deathbed the Shah called his sons around him , and , presenting them with the three rings , told them that one of them had the attribute of making its possessor agreeable both before God and man . He knew not which ring was the true one , and fortune must decide ; but he trusted that each would consider himself the possessor of it ; so that to whosoever ' s lot it might fall , all would show by the propriety of their conduct that they were deserving of it . '"

    He then eulogized both English and American institutions , and said : — " I feel that it is not the living under a Government called a republic that will secure the liberties of the people , but that quite as just and honest l : » ws rimy exist under a monarchy as under a republic . ( Cheers . ) If I wanted an illustration I need only , as I have done , examine the institutions of England and file United States , to show that under different forms of government equal liberty can and does exist—( cheers ) — and I trust that the people will , in the fulness of time , show which is deserving to be the possessor of the ' real riiig' b y the propropriety of tlieir behaviour . ( Cheers . )" This elegant speech of Kossuth ' s finished up the entertuinment .

    AT SOUTHAMi'TON . The great banquet at Southampton took place on Tuesday . Kossuth arrived at the city of welcome from London about three , accompanied by many distinguished friends , and proceeded to the lioune of Mr . ( -rohkey , the American Consul . Thence he proceeded to the town residence of the Mayor , where lie received deputations and addressc-H from Sheffield , Durham , Sundeiland , Leicester , and other places , to nil of which lie replied briefly . From the Mayor ' s house to the banquetting room he went in the Mayor ' s carriage . The streets were crowded with spectators . An authentic correspondent says , " The town wns all alive . " Xoasuth and the Mayor alighted , and walked

    some distance through the people . The utmost enthusiasm prevailed . Tin ; Town-hall wuh decorated with Hags and flowers . Places were reserved for the ladies ; Mrs . Andrews , with Miss Croskey , the daughter of ibe American Consul , occupying posts of honour . Dinner was provided for two hundred . The Mayor presided in bis robes of ofliee , having the muco before him . On his right Bat M . Kossuth , attired in u clone-fitting frock coat with open sleeves , who , we arc Hoiry to add , appeared to be in indifferent health . At the Mayor ' s table were Lord D . Stuart M . P ., Mr . Wyld , M . l \ , Alderman 1 ) . W . Wire , Colonel Luwreiico United . States , Mr . Cronkey American Consul , Honourable Mr . Walker Into ttecrctury to tho Treasury United . States , M . Pulezky ,

    Mr . E . E . Crowe , Mr . E . G . Salisbury , Mr . C . Gilpin , Mr . Deacon Town-clerk , Mr . Wilcox , M . P . for Southampton , Mr . Mangles , M . P ., Mr . J . CasselL . Mr . Gr . Borrett , J . P ., Samuel Adams , Esq ., banker , &c . &c After the good things had been disposed of , the cloth removed , the Queen ' s health drunk with cheers , and " 9 ne cneer more for America , " Prince Albert also being duly honoured ; letters were read from Mr . Abbott Lawrence , who excused himself on the ground of ill health , and Captain Townshend ,. M . P ., who regretted his own absence the more as a portion of the press had attempted to throw odhun on the name of Kossuth .

    Mr . O'Connor attempted to make acquaintance with Kossuth , twice during the evening , violating all the ordinary rules of courtesy in so doing , and being severely called to order by the Mayor . The toasts were given in the following order : — " Long life and prosperity to his Highness the Sultan of Turkey . " " The President of the United States . " " Lord Palmerston and her Majesty ' s Ministers . " " The Borough Members . " These toasts were introduced pithily by the Mayor , and the last responded to by Mr . Wilcox , Sir Alexander Cockburn not appearing . More or less , also , these toasts were loudly applauded ; but when the next fell from the lips of Mr .

    Andrews" The health of his Excellency Louis Kossuth "the enthusiasm of the company went far beyond all ordinary expressions of satisfaction , and for several instants the whole party stood up in a body , cheering , waving handkerchiefs , and thumping the tables . Kossuth ' s reply was full of grace and feeling . Unfortunately he was suffering considerably in body ; but he spoke with his accustomed clearness and marvellous choice of language . The first sentences of his oration were praises of England and English institutions . He called it a paradise ; and at the close of every sentence arose a deafening burst of cheers . And that England was so happy a place , he said , was because she was free .

    " Well may the working classes of England be identified with the great principle of liberty , because without liberty there is no lasting social order . It is indispensable that every man should in full security enjoy the fruits of his own labour . Without liberty , obedience to the law cannot be insured , because when the lawgiver is a tyrant and a despot , obedience to the law reposes only on fear , but when the lawgivers are the people themselves , they will obey the laws , although they may be oppressive , because they know that within themselves is the power of modification . ( Hear , hear . ) Therefore I Buy , that without liberty there is no obedience to law .

    Without liberty there is no field for the productive labour of those who work . Without liberty there is no security for person and property . ( Hear , hear . ) And yet if it be not the aim of human nature to open a field for productive labour , to create security for person and property , to soften men ' s hearts and to develope men ' s minds , I do not know what the aim of human nature can be . ( Hear , hear . ) It is not without reason that all classes in England unite in expressing their sympathy with that principle which , under different forms of government , but under similar institutions , is the blessing ' , the glory , and the happiness of the English race in both hemispheres . ( Loud cheers . )"

    Applauding Free-trade , he said , that without liberty in Europe there could be no free intercourse , no Freetrade . Passing from this topic , his declaration that the principle of all evil on the European Continent was the despotic and encroaching power of Russia /' was received with hearty cheers . " There , " said he , " is the rock which breaks every sigh for freedom on Europe ' s Continent ! " He was a Protestant himself ; but in Hungary civil and religious liberty had alwayB nourished . "It may suffice to say , that the freedom of Protestantism in Hungary was secured by lawn , was secured by treaties on the maintenance of which the existence of the ilapsburg dynasty was made to depend . In 1848 this

    wau included aniongtit other reforms ; and scarcely had Russia raiaed the lallen house of Austria , by putting ita foot on the neck of Hungary , when tl . e first deed of the restored house Was to destroy the rights of Protestant liberty in Hungary . And then , gentlemen , this is connected with another fact with respect to the Catholic Church . The kingu of Hungary , in former times , were always anxious not to allow any power to meddle , and chiefly not to allow the Coint of Koine to meddle in the temporal affairs of the Catholic Church in Hungary , ho much bo thut one of our most glorious kings , Miitthian CorvinuH , an Hungarian by birth , seeing the encroachments of the Court of Rome on his rights , nai < l to one of the popes , * May your holiiusH remember that Hungary , which hears a double cross on her banners , h . * s never endured that the Court of Rome nhould interfere

    with the liberty of the Hungarian people . ho were the Hungarian . - * in former times to secure their iridependence . And when tho I'Jmperor of Russia had succeeded in crushing Hungary , one of the first things thut he did wus to give ; the Jesuits of Rome full power to feed on Hungary -- ( /'' '' < ' " . / ua /) ' with this he united the denti notion of the autonomy of the Proteatunt Church . ( Hear , hear . )" Russian influence lias increased since tho Ilmiiniriun invasion , and JesuitiHin has increused iu power . It ia Russia Mngliind meets at every stop —• on tuo ' U oyphoruw , on thoJNUe , ut Herat , iu Pokin ,

    Untitled Article

    of T N ov . 1 , 1851 . ] Cfte VLtaitt . 1031

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 1, 1851, page 1031, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1907/page/3/