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Leader (1850-1860), 9th August 1851, Edition Town of 2, Page 750, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      to combine , in order to induce men in the employ of their masters to leave their employment for the purpose of compelling their roasters to raise their wages . One set of counts charged that the defendants conspired to obstruct Mr . Perry in the carrying on of his business , by persuading and inducing those workmen hired by him to leave his service , and so to force him to a change in the mode of carrying on his business . There was ho intimidation charged on that set of counts . Another class of counts charged that they conspired , some to obstruct , and some to molest Mr . Perry in the mode of carrying on his trade . He took it that if a manufacturer

      had his capital embarked in his trade , and had accepted orders for execution , and any persons conspired totake away all his workmen , that would be a molesting him in his manufacture . Though workmen have the right to agree that none of those who make the agreement will go into employment unless at a certain rate of wages , they havs no right to molest , intimidate , or annoy other workmen , and there was , therefore , another class of counts , which alleged that the defendants conspired to force the ¦ workmen who were hired by Mr . Perry to leave his employment , by unlawfully molesting the workmen who were so hired . Some of the counts in this set charged

      that they molested by intimidation , by threats . If they believed any of the witnesses who spoke to intimidation or threats , they would find them guilty on those counts . Another set of counts charged that the defendants conspired , when workmen had contracted with Mr . Perry to serve him in his trade , to petsuade them to absent themselves from his service ; and the last class of counts charged that they conspired by making the workmen drunk , and by other unlawful means , to cause them to leave his service . " The jury returned a verdict of guilty on all the counts except those which charged threats , violence , and intimidation . A similar trial of the same men , under similar indictments , took place on the 29 th , and lasted until late on the 30 th . The main of the evidence was

      brought forward to prove intimidation , threats , and violence , and the agency of the accused in getting the men to leave the employ of Messrs . Perry and Son . The summing up of Mr . Justice Erie embodies the whole case . He observed : — " That the indictment contained several counts , which he would endeavour to reduce into classes . The first class related to the intimidation and molestation by the defendants of the workmen generally ; the second related to the intimidation and molestation of hired workmen , or workmen under contracts ; the third , to the intimidation and molestation of the prosecutors ; and the fourth class , to the obstruction of the prosecutors in carrying on their business , or in forcing them to make an

      alteration in it . The law he took to be clear , that workmen had aright to combine for their own protection , and for the purpose of raising wages , and he said nothing on the legality of other persons combining with them ; but a combination for the purpose of injuring another was altogether of a different nature . The rights of the working classes were conceded to the full extent advocated by the learned counsel , and workmen not under contracts of hiring had a perfect right to leave their employment ; but the exercise of free will was rqually conceded to the master by the law . ICach of the parties had a right to promote their own interest . The object of the alleged conspiracy was to force the Messrs . Perry to adopt a book of prices ,

      and if the defendants combined to effect that purpose by unlawful mean ? , the indictment was sustained . The statute of the ( ith George IV . ( the Combination Act ) prohibited intimidation of every kind , and the first class of counts in the indictment vvas framed to nioet this offence . His lordship then referred to the evidence of the Messrs . Perry , and observed that no direct threat of ¦ violence had been offered cither to the persons or property of those gentlemen . They appeared to have been placed in a veiy difficult position , und stood firmly by what the law allowed to them—viz ., freedom of action . The book of prices prepared by the workmen appeared

      to bo very fair and reasonable . Mr . Robinson , the Mayor of Wolverhampton , had offered to mediate between the parties ; it might have been better for the Messrs . Perry to have availed themselves of that mediation , but they had a perfect light to exercise their own free-will in the matter . If , as had been stated in this case , the masters agreed together not to employ certain workmen because they were obnoxious to Home of them , such conduct would be highly reprehensible and illegal . A placard signed by Pee ) , and emanating from the trades' association , had been given in evidence , and coercive measures were therein alluded to . It also spoke of forcing the book upon the non-conforming employers . " The jury returned a verdict of Guilty on all the counts against all the defendants . We must state that the : juries were " special . " Sentence has not yet been given . The following resolutions were agreed to ut a meet ing of the National Association for the Protection of Labour in London : — " That it lias ahvuytt been considered by the workingclasses of Great Britain that the right of peaceful industrial combination for the mutual protection of their common interests , wan amply and permanently secured to them by the act of Parliament , (> Geo . 4 , cap . l'iJ ) , and they solemnly repudiate and will resist by every lawful means tiny and every attempt by any power to encroach upon or invalidate this their essential and invaluable privilege;—That thin meeting , representing t ! m industrial classes of the British metropolis , hub watched with great intercut the late trials for conspiracy , instituted by a clique of the master manufacturers of Wolverhumpton . and from the reports of those triula which have reached them , they perceive with much uurpriee and indignation

      that an insidious attempt has been made to pervert the ancient and invaluable institution of the Trial by Jury into an engine of oppression , and a means of reducing the British labourer into the mere unreasoning serf and tool of capital when in the hands of bad men ;—And that while seriously deprecating any unlawful invasion ot the rights of capital , the intention , now for the first time openly avowed , ot constituting « peacefulpersuasion an indictable offence , is a violation of the spirit and letter of and intolerable

      the statute law before referred to , an encroachment upon the liberties of the British labourer . This meeting does , therefore , pledge itself individually and collectively to use its most strenuous efforts to furnish the pecuniary resources requisite for the defending this invaluable right , and if necessary , of carrying up their appeal to the highest court of judicature , and mailing there , of commencing an active agitation through the length and breadth of the land , for such a legislative enactment as shall place upon a fair andequitable basis the laws relative to master and workman . "

      Untitled Article

      PEESONAL NEWS AND GOSSIP . The Court , which has so long sojourned at Osborne , arrived in town on Thursday , the Queen coming up personally to prorogue Parliament . The fetes in in Paris , and the extraordinary behaviour of the Lord Mayor thereat , have furnished infinite occasion for gossip . The Exposition , also , has supplied something to talk about—the immense Tee-total invasion , and the singing of a song in Welsh , which produced such a startling effect upon a man present , that before he could be secured he knocked down three women ! Sir George Grey recovers but slowly , and is still too unwell to transact business .

      The Marquis of Lansdowne met with an accident last week , being thrown from his horse . The injury is not very serious . He was sufficiently recovered on Monday to resume his official duties , though obliged to carry his arm in a sling . Foreign correspondence continues to announce that Mr . Gladstone ' s letters are published by several papers , that they are read with avidity , and that they have created an immense sensation in Italy . Mr . Hume and Mr . Roebuck , who have been absent of late from the House throug h indisposition , were in their places on Wednesday . Mr . Lewis Charles Tennyson D'Eyncourt , of the Inner Temple , is appointed a police magistrate for the district of the metropolis , in the room of Mr . Burrell , of the Westminster Court , whose resignation will date from Thursday nextAugust 7 . — Observer .

      , Mr . Anderson , the , tragedian , passed through the Insolvent Court this week . There was no opposition , except from a poor girl , who claimed a sum of upwards of five pounds , for the maintenance of an illegitimate child . This claim was settled . The Commissioner spoke highly of Mr . Anderson , whose books 6 howed no extravagant items , and who had simply failed in a speculation in which he had risked and lost considerable capital . " Yesterday morning the Beverend Prince Hohenlohe somewhat

      officiated at mass at St . George ' s . A general expectation that the Prince would preach was disappointed ; but the assistance at this celebration of so near a relative of royalty was of itself a great satisfaction to the very numerous congregation , Protestant as well as Catholic , which attended . " We give this paragraph entire , first , because it appeared in the columns of the Morning Chronicle of Monday last ; and secondly , because we should like to know what " satisfaction" Protestants could derive from the appearance of the clerical

      prince . The annual Ministerial fish dinner , in anticipation of the close of the parliamentary session , was held on Saturday , at the Trafalgar , Greenwich . The company proceeded from Hungerford pier , at five o ' clock , in the steamer Waterman 12 , and Bat down to dinner at six o ' clock , under the presidency of Sir Alexander Cockburn . The following members of the Government and of the royal household were present on the occasion : — Lord John Russell , Lord Palmerston , Lord Grey , Marquis of Westminster , Lord Clanricarde , Earl of Morley , Lord Clarence Paget , Admiral Dundas , General Fox , Honourable W . Cowper , Mr . It . W . Grey , Mr . Baines , Lord Marcus Hill , Mr . Cornewall Lewis , Mr . Hawes , Sir W . G . Craig , Mr . Bellow , Mr . Rich , the Attorney-General , and the Solicitor-General .

      Untitled Article

      Mr . George Sydney Smythe has published in the Morning Chronicle a parody on Byron ' s " Isles of Greece , " called the " Penal Bill . " We pick out four stanzas not without point and vigour : — " The Isle of Saints , the Isle of Saints ! Where burning Calvin lives and reigns , Where ruves Macneile—where Stowell rants—Where Lambeth whines , and Fulhum feigns . Eternal Cant rules o ' er the land , And all except that Cant bo d—d . " Again , again ! Bring screws and cords , For ere long we must come to that ; ( There is a Law for Papint hordes , While Truro treads on Wiseman ' s hat !) Ilitrk , answering to the glorioua call , How answers each bold Ex ' ter Hull ! " You have the Kentish fire as yet ; Where are the Kentish faggots gone ? Of the two Icmhodh , why forget The nobler and the manlier one ? You have John Russell ' s letter—then , Why not the ntuk « ut Penemlen ? " Then place mo on the Cuuseway ' n steep , Where nothing but the wavue and 1

      May hear our mutual murmurs sweep In amabean bigotry . Fill up yon bowl—the Pope be d- d ! We must , we will , lose Ireland !" The last line surely ought to have been written : — " Fill up yon bowl—the Pope be dannd ! We must , we toill , tose Ier-land !"

      Untitled Article

      Mr . Horace Greeley has been in Ireland , specially visiting Galway , to examine its merits as a packet * station . Lord Arundel left Limerick on Friday evening after his election , and proceeded to Tarvoe , the seat of Mr . Monsell , M . P . Mr . Russell , the unsuccessful candidate , is reported to be in London , attending the funeral of a relative who has bequeathed him a large legacy . The Limerick Chronicle contradicts the statement that Archdeacon Keatinge and two other Protestant clergymen had volunteered their support to Lord Arundel at the late election .

      The Honourable C . S . Hardinge , eldest son of Viscount Hardinge , is the only candidate spoken of for the seat vacated at Downpatrick by Mr . R . Kerr . He is a Conservative , and will probably be returned without any opposition . In the Freeman ' s Journal , on the 2 nd of August , a document , pertaining to matters concerning the establishment of the Catholic University , was published . It bore the signatures of the four Archbishops , and of three Bishops , with their titles set forth in full . A meeting was held in Galway on Wednesday week last , convened by the High Sheriffs of both the county and the town of Galway , for the purpose of expressing disapprobation of the report of the Packet Station Commissioners . The county High Sheriff took the chair , and among those who addressed the meeting were Mr . A . O'Flaherty , M . P ., Mr . Blake , M . P ., and Sir T . Burke , M . P .

      Untitled Article

      Rumour runs that the Emperor of Austria is afraid to pay his promised visit to his . " beloved " people , the Milanese . Field Marshal Paskiewitsch ( observe the tenderness ) , stood sponsor to a pair of Jews , who were christened on the 22 nd ultimo in the Church of the Cross in Warsaw , one seventeen , and the other fifty-eight years of age . The Duchess of Bern ' , accompanied by Count Lucchesi and suite , has left Frohsdorf for Venice . On the 29 th , the King of Wirtemberg arrived there under the assumed name of Count von Teck , and numerous persons of distinction are expected . The visit of the King of Saxony to the castle of Ague was , it is reported , not at all political ; but simply to see his niece , the Duchess ofGenoff .

      Prince Christian , of Glucksberg , is residing at the castle of Rungenheim , near the Rhine . The Duke of Nassau and Prince Metternich and his son have visited the Prince this week , and long consultations have been held on the subject of the Danish succession . Accounts from Rome of the 22 nd ultimo relate , that General Gemeau seized all the gunpowder stores in the magazine , and had them conveyed , with the cannon belonging to the Papal army , to the Castle of St . Angelo . A few months since , a person bearing the name of Altieri passed himself off as a cardinal in different states of Italy and also of Germany . This man , who , it seems , is perfectly initiated in all the secrets of the Roman Court , has just been arrested , and delivered up to the Iioman authoiities by Austria . arrested at Pesth

      M . Rosenthal , the painter , recently , as a revolutionary agent , is said to have hung himself m prison . Five persons who were arrested at the same time have been set at liberty . Great interest is created at Florence by the publication of a work entitled Apology of' the Political Life of Guerrazzi , written by himself . The fact of the Government having permitted the publication of this work « much commented on . Advocate Ceroni , who was imprisoned at 1 lorence m consequence of the Santa Croce disturbances , has bee releasen from captivity , but with orders to leave 'luscany immediately . ¦ The German Journal of Frankfort states that tne Bishop of Brunn has formally excommunicated i Priest Juraneck , who lately quilted the CatholicChurcu . ¦ Destructive inundations have taken place during past week , on the Rhine and the Rhone . .. ^ As a religious procession was passing over a bridg Wludhnir , in Russia , the arches gave way—H 9 I ) ers were killed , and /> 8 wounded . A respite for Sarah Barber , under sentence of deat ^ for poisoning her husband , reuched Nottwglj ""^ . ^ Tuesday . Facts which have come to light since tnc jcr tending to show that she was an accessory to the in only after the fact , seem to have led to this respite ^ ^ Another balloon accident has occurred . Ma "' , my re Garneron ascended from Batty ' s Hippo dr <) - ' tcd Wednesday . The wind wao light and the balloon m ^^ very near to the house tops . Finally , one bag <« ^ . (|) ft being discharged , the machine came in < M ) lllu ' , I ) 0 Hite garret window of one of the Madelcy-vill «« j *!\ adatoe Victoria-ro . id , tho car half inverted ittii'lf and j lh 0 Garneron was seen hanging head downwards ^ ^ j side . A bag of ballast rolled out , and us u - ^ . expected to hcc the lady borne awuy in her I ' " . lia jl « on dition , the netting got entangled in u chiunioy , i w ( , g collapsed und left her lying on the rooi- ^ , e unhurt , und faintly bowed an acknowledgm * n « - cheering crowd .

      Untitled Article

      750 &t ) i % t ** tt * [ Saturday ,

      Untitled Article

      I'OMCK . tfl On The balloons are getting into the Police \ ' ° " ^ ade Saturday , Mr . BriggH , partner in a firm of o «»» firo it Ktutcnent before Hir Peter Laurie , re "J , fttll « n ° balloon , which , ' on the prcviouo evening , «*

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 9, 1851, page 750, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1895/page/10/