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Leader (1850-1860), 12th July 1851, Edition Town of 2, Page 650, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      Hath to concentrate two armies of observation on the banks of the Rhine , one being stationed on the left bank . Each of them to number 40 , 000 men , and to be composed solely of Prussian troops . A third corps to be stationed in the North of Germany , as a kind of reserve for the armies on the Rhine . All three to be paid and provisioned at the expense of the confederation . The Emperor of Russia has lately promulgated a new ukase , prohibiting citizens from possessing silver ingots . By virtue of this ukase they are compelled to sell them in a given time ; and should they not find purchasers , they are then obliged to deliver them up to the Treasury for the price of 80 kopeiks ( 2 s . 8 d . ) the oz . Their exportation is , at

      the same time , unconditionally prohibited . As the Russian nobility are amply provided with silver ingots , and in all probability will be unable to get rid of their stock by private sale , the G overnment will , for a mere nominal sum , possess itself of all the mass of that precious metal . It is to be expected that smuggling on a very large scale will be carried on at the frontier , for the Austrian speculators will gladly give at least 4 s . the oz . The former ukases concerning the costume and usages of the Russian Jews are carried out with unabated rigour . Frequent domiciliary visits to that effect are made ; and it often hapens that the Jewish women are even examined in the open streets , and if found violating the law , they have their heads shaved and are taken into custody .

      The Austrians are beginning to find that no administrative measure coming from Vienna will be likely to satisfy the Hungarian people who have been accustomed for centuries to govern themselves ; and that , unless some account be taken of the former privileges of the nation , no army will be large enough to keep down the spirit of resistance . No concessions of a popular kind can be expected from the present Government ; yet the expediency of introducing , in addition to the new fiscal burdens , the vexatious horrors of the passport system , is by no means so clear . For it should be remembered that ,

      in this particular , Hungary , up to the year 1849 , stood alone on the European continent , enjoying the peculiar favour of admitting travellers without a passport , so that the recent infliction of that nuisance upon the people weighs as heavily upon them as it would upon the natives of Kent or Middlesex . Among the complaints which are heard most frequently from that unfortunate country , this is the most loud and general ; all classes are affected alike by this evil , but chiefly the poor , who , ere they can proceed to a neighbouring market , must lose their time and money in procuring the requisite documents from the ciiief of the district , who , perhaps , live miles off . As to the richer classes , they are content to stop at home , knowing that an application for a passport across the frontier would be

      useless . The Viennese correspondent of the Morning Chronicle states , that the obstacle to the release of Kossuth lies in his refusal to comply with the two demands made by the Austrian Government . These are—first , that he deliver up , or cause to be delivered up , the crown of St . Stephen ; and , secondly , give up all chums to the two millions of which he is accused of having robbed the exchequer . His acceptance of thtse terms would be the signal for his release , but hitherto he has remained inflexible .

      The young Aldboroughs , captured by the Austrians at Leghorn , for possessing a private printingpress , from which they issued insurrectionary pamphlets , are still kept in close confinement . They are to be tried as soon as soon as the voluminous correspondence , " said to have been seized in their house , can be reduced within comprehensible limits . The Times correspondent furnishes eoine reports upon the subject : — " It was rumoured yesterday , June 27 , that one of the brothers had made revelations against the other , or , as it ia called with us , " turned King ' s evidence ; " but I am anxious to state that such is not the case , and that all the

      young man has avowed relates to the manner in winch the printing-press and materials were conveyed into the house by the agency of a certain Jew at Pisa . Jle refuses to admit any participation , either on hie own part or that of his relatives , with the Mazzini committee ,, and asserts that their plan wus limited to creating an insurrection , or rather preparing the minds of the public for a movement at Leghorn , when the proper period was arrived . The correspondence found on the premises is very voluminous ; but , as much of it is in Knglish , the translation into Italian causes Home delay , and no period for the trial taking place can be fixed until that duty in performed . The other evidence is patent , consisting of the arms , printing materials , ami the numbein of a treasonable

      publication found in the villa . Hut as the mam object of the prosecution is not « o much to visit on th < n <> misguided young men the full penalty of their crimes , as to show the ramifications of the Mazzini plot , no pains are neglected to examine every supposed proof , and each scrap of paper is carefully investigated . No doubt the conspirators uvailed themselves of the delay used in forcing the doors of th « villa , to burn the most important documents ; hut . Htill u muss of papers was discovered , and ^ if there are proofs ol' guilt it is there they will be found . " Tlu > British Consuls , Mr . Macbeun und Mr . . Scarlett , buve been doing their utmost to » nvo the lives of

      the young men ; and a British war steamer had entered the port . The Austrians have declared Leghorn in a state of siege , and will try the prisoners before a court-martial . Some interesting particulars are given by the correspondent above quoted respecting the Aldborough family : — " The late Lord Aldboroug h married , as he afterwards alleged , when a minor , a lady in England , by whom he had four children , the eldest of whom now , I believe , bears the title . He then ran away with a married lady ; and lastly , he married at Paris , at the British Embassy , the mother of the young men now confined , and alleged his wife

      to the last day of his life that she only was legal . He took care to show his affection by making his will in . her favour , leaving all he had the power to dispose of , first as to Lady Aldborough , his wedded wife , and next , in case any doubt was thrown on the marriage , to the same person in her maiden name , as Maria Arundel , if my memory serves me rightly . The property in question amounts to £ 9000 a year , but the debts affecting it reach the enormous sum of £ 150 , 000 ; so that when the result of the sale ordered by the Commissioners of Encumbered Estates at Dublin becomes known , it is possible that nothing will be forthcoming for the widow or the legal heir , whoever he may be . "

      Untitled Article

      T II K K A Y III V / A It . We have Capo j , * i > < : ri n \» to t . hft * il * t . f , f May . Tho new * in anything r > ut mir : ( , ur ? i % iu £ . Hir Harry Bmit . h Htill remain ' : < l at Kin ^ WiUi » rn « 'lown , from which place he h-ii continued to a ^ n rl out i >; xUoll \ n % wAuion * in different direction * , conMantly hara » Min ^ tbo hostile Katirs , driving them from their strongholds , destroying their kraala , and occasionally capturing some of their cattle . Except in one inHtance , the Kafirs have avoided an engagement with the troops , having been rendered by frequent defeats more cautious than they showed themselves at the commencement of the war .

      Whilo these movements have been going on in British Kaffraria , a sudden change of weather has occurred , followed by important results . On the 4 th instant , the drought which had before prevailed in and beyond the frontier districts , was succeeded by heavy falls of rain in some places , nnd of hiiow in others . In und about Colesberg , the Orange River Sovereignty , nnd the mountainous parts of Knlirland , the ground haa been covered with snow , and the weather has been extremely inclement . The cattle nnd sheep in Albany und the neighbouring districts have perished by thousands . The Amatola mountains have been covered with snow to their bases , and the Kafirs have been compelled to leave them and

      drive their cattle to the low grounds . Some , it would appear , have proceeded eastward , across the Kci ; others have-driven their herds northward into Tambookieland ; and- a considerable number have entered the colony across the Keitikunima . Marauding bands of Kafirs , more numerous and daring than they have before shown themselves , have within the pant month spread over the frontier districts , from the Orange River to the nea . Several I ' nnm . itf have been killed in the district of Albert ; others have been obliged to quit their farms or camps and retire into the interior of the colony , in A Ibuny , several farmhouses have been burnt , in the vicinity of ( irahain'H Town , Homo waggon traiim attacked , nnd numerous depredations committed . The Kilt River

      district arid the adjoining country have been again occupied by the Kafirs and rebel Hottentots , who have repossessed themselves of Fort Armstrong . A body of them was attacked and routed , with considerable loss , by a small force under Captain Fisher , the officer commanding at Eland ' s Post . Major-General Somerset himself subsequently moved into that district , with about 900 men , and took post in the Biinkwater , and afterwards at Philipton , in the Kat River Settlement , but found himself still unable to check the ravages of the numerous hordes of marauders by whom the country was infested . The colonial patrols had also been active and frequently successful in pursuit of the plunderers , but were worn out by the incessant and laborious exertions required of them . The mails have been twice cut off between Graham ' s Town

      and King "William ' s Town . The Tambookie marauders have been beaten by Field-Commandant Joubert and the Colesberg burghers . In the Sovereignty beyond the Orange River the state of affairs has become extremely critical . Hostilities have broken out among the native tribes , some of whom claim the protection of the local government , on the ground of services rendered to it in suppressing other disturbances last year . The principal tribes engaged are the Korannas under the chief Gert Taaybosch , the Barolongs under Moroko , the Lighbyas under Molitzani , and , it was feared , the numerous tribe of Basutus under Moshesh . The course which Major Warden , the British Resident , would take was uncertain ; but apprehensions were entertained that much disorder and bloodshed would

      ensue in that province . As an illustration of the state of the frontier , it is reported that two officers of the 91 st lately arrived , who wished to go to Fort Hare from King William ' s Town , a distance of 14 miles , were compelled to return to Buffalo Mouth , and to proceed by sea ^ to Port Elizabeth , whence they marched to Graham's Town , 100 miles , escorted by Fingoes , and then had a dangerous journey before them—thus making a detour of 500 miles . The Seventy-fourth Highlanders arrived at the Cape , May 12 .

      Untitled Article

      TRANSATLANTIC MAILS . The arrival of the America brings news from the United States up to June 25 : — Commodore Aulick , of the United States frigate Susquehanna , has sailed from San Francisco for Japan , with full instructions to open a commercial intercourse with that kingdom , if possible . He takes with him a number of shipwrecked Japanese . Meanwhile , both California and the older states look with longing eyes towards the Sandwich Islands—the chief depot and entrepot for American whalers , and the halfway house to Asia . " Westward the march of empire takes itat way . A terrible storm occurred at Highland Prairie , near Chicago , a few days since . Twenty-five houses were killedThe cholera is

      blown down , and three persons . still fatal on the western rivers , chiefly among immigrants . The weekly deaths by this plague are also numerous at New Orleans , St . Louis , and other river cities . Mrs . Parker , an actress , died of cholera at St . "Louis last week , and Mrs . Blanche , another actress , was killed on the same day in the St . Louis theatre , by a weight falling on her behind the scenes . At Gloucester , New Jersey , on Himdny , Mr . Isaac Hughes , a farmer , was choked to iU , \ h by bin brother-in-law , the latter being intoxicated . A correspondent of the New York Courier , alluding to the mortality in that city , says : — " I would call your uttention to the statistics obtained from the City Inspector ' s Annual Reports , which show that the rate of mortality has increased since the year 1835 :-

      —Year . Population . Deaths . 18 : 55 . . 270 , 08 < J . . 0 , 608 . . 1 in 40 1840 . . 312 , 710 . . 7 , 808 . . 1 in 39 1845 . . 371 , 223 . . 9 , 886 " . . 1 in 37 1850 . . 516 , 394 . . 15 , 394 . . 1 in 33 . " Orcutt , one of the gang of incendiaries at Utica , New York , is condemned to death , lie has confessed , implicuting several others in a large number of acts of arnou-Mr . Freemon , of Portland , shot his wife on Sunday evening , and afterwards cut his own throat . The steamer Sultana , with a valuable cargo , has been burnt at St . Louis ; loss 90 , 000 dollars ; six persons lost their lives . A row of » ix stores in St . Louis was destroyed by fire on the same day ; loss 60 , 000 dollars . The arrivals of

      immigrants from Europe average from 1000 to 3000 daily . At Uniontovm , on Tuesday night , the stables of Swann's Hotel were burnt down , when twenty-six horses peruhrd in the flameu . Mr . T . Sother , of Hanover , Virginia , hus been sentenced to five years' imprisonment , for vvlnp |> i' | K one of his slaves to death . Three Indians , confined in prison at Tampa , Florida , hung themselves in the g ;» about 10 days uince . At Middletown last week , l ' " conductor of a railway train and several cattle were killed by the earn running off the track . At I ' rovidem : " on Tuesday , uu Irishman named llannegan murdered

      his wife with an iixe , and has , thus far , escaped pursuit-The sum of 10 , 000 dollars has been liberally contribute * by the cilizens of Lynchburg , Virginia , for the Hup |«>«" of the wife und children of Mr . Terry , late editor of tin : Virtjinian , who was killed in the recent doubly tragiu'J affray in that town . Kight thousand dollars in «« lHl 1 were obtained in eight hours after the subscription wan started . Mrs . Terry w ; ts a Miss Stockton of N « w iv . tM-. y-A fire occurred in Broadway , No . , New York , l «* i week ; loss nearly 100 , 000 dollars . Three lino » lor *' were burnt down . Anoi » ier in . West-street , winch coi

      Untitled Article

      650 © fte VLtZbt ' X . [ SAfUROAY , - ———» - ^^—^—— . — . — ¦¦ ¦¦ ' II *** - ^ ' ¦ - ¦ ¦ — ——__

      Untitled Article

      A CASE FOR LORD PALMERSTON . " Hungarus " publishes in the Daily Netcs a letter from Louis Kossuth to the American Charge des Affaires at Constantinople , respecting the late deportation of Hungarian refugees from Turkey . It appears that twenty-three men who followed the fortunes of Kossuth out of personal devotion ' to him , were until lately with him at Kutaiya . It was determined the other day to liberate eighteen of these exiles . They protested against being separated from

      their chief ; but an " Austrian commissary appeared , threatened force , and they were compelled to depart . At the same time a request of Kossuth , that his wife and children should be permitted to proceed to America , was refused . Now , Lord Palmerston claims some credit for this liberation—if a forced separation , effected by an Austrian commissary in Turkey , can be called a liberation . What part did he play ? Did he sanction the intervention of the Austrian Doliceman ? We should much like to know .

      As for Kossuth , he is in a lamentable plight , and writes most despondingly of his prospects : —¦ " Of course , all the contestation about the ' September and no longer , ' as the term of my detension , is mere humbug : nay more , it is affront added to oppression . Has the Porte given the assurance to the United States that such a day of September next you can take me without any further application on board an American ship ? Of course no . Be , therefore , sure of this , my dear sir , it is mere humbug . The real value of their

      words I have had opportunity enough to appreciate . Full well I understand the case . I am doomed to perish at Kutayia—to fall a victim here to the fears of abominable Austria . There are many ways to come to that end , now that the companions of my prison , they who have accompanied me by free choice , with the agreement of the Porte , hither , are by force torn away from my ( ride , and I stand almo 3 t forsaken—alone ! Well , I will look to for myself , and meet the worst if needn ha . "

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), July 12, 1851, page 650, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1891/page/6/