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Leader (1850-1860), 9th November 1850, Edition Town of 1, Page unpag.

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      No . 33 . SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 9 , 1850 . Price 6 d .

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      Panic at the inroads of Catholicism , and indignation at the " insolence " of the aggression consummated by the reestablishment of the Papal hierarchy , agitate all England . The loud cries reverbate with ever-encreasing echoesfrom John o'Groats to Land ' s End . Meetings are convoked , excited churchwardens wiping devotional perspiration from their bald foreheads , cheer eloquent speakers whenever a reference is made to the " glorious principles

      of the Reformation , " or a sarcasm is flung at the absurdities of Rome . Pulpits become platforms . The " drum ecclesiastic ' is beaten with apostolic energy ; its very emptiness intensifying the noise . Guy Fawkes rises into a character of immense significance , and no splendour seems too great for such a " demonstration " as the motley pageantat once an insult and a pastime—of the Fifth of November . Exeter—the Exeter of Philpottstranscends itself . Alarmed Protestantism sees the

      lurid glare of Smithfield burnings in its vision of the future , unless this " aggression " be thwarted . Deans , Deacons , and Bishops sound the alarm . Episcopal London delivers a Charge to his diocese , in which he throws the onus upon Tractarian teachings , and the hold over the " practical mind of England , " which German Rationalism has taken : so that , by his own showing , it is not the Pope who is to blame so much as the Church itself , which exhibited such internal weakness as to provoke external " aggression " : and the only remedy he

      can propose is , that England should obstinately shut her ears to all arguments and evidences that may tend to impair the orthodox convictions of her Established Church , and , by afirmer adherence to the Thirty-nine Articles , save threatened Protestantism Nay , so great is the alarm that even her Majesty ' s Prime Minister , forgetting his usual reserve , steps forward to address the Bishop of Durham on the subject of the " insolent and insidious aggression , "

      and—most characteristically!—he professes in the same breath to feel no real alarm—affecting to believe that we are too strong to fear any outward attacks . If he is not alarmed , why this unusual step ? If he really believe that no foreign potentate can fetter a nation which has " so nobly vindicated its right to freedom of opinion , " why does he not rely upon free opinion to achieve its own triumph ? [ Lord John also throws the whole blame on the Puseyites , and hopes they will desist from their * insidious course "—but what if their free

      opinion incline them to that course ? On the other side , the Catholics are exultant . Mr . Ambrose Lisle Phillipps , in a striking letter to Lord Shrewsbury , justly stigmatizes the endeavour to raise a no-Popery clamour , and contends that the Pope has simply abolished the office of Vicars Apostolic , and placed the English Catholic Church [ Town * Edition , !

      under the government of ordinary Bishops , contending that it is no more than was done by the Free Kirk Secession in Scotland when it set up Presbyteries in opposition to those of the Establishment . He further declares that the decree of the Pope having gone forth , it will be upheld by every faithful Catholic from the greatest to the least , though Protestant violence should convulse England to the centre . Such being the position of parties we must be prepared for something more than a mere ecclesiastical squabble ; it will be a grand struggle such as will set all England in a ferment .

      Nor do , matters look more peaceable on the Continent . Radowitz has resigned because vacillating Prussia , after all her military bravado , after all her marching and countermarching , now basely leaves her protegees in the lurch . The conference at Warsaw has ended in the triumph of Absolutism . Prussia sacrifices all the principles she professed . The Czar and the Emperor of Austria dictate disgraceful terms , and Radowitz , deserted by his own cabinet , resigns .

      The quarrel between Changarnier and the President is patched up , much to the comfort of the friends of " order ; " but the haughty and inexplicable general has gained his point , and will not suffer his army to utter cr ies of Vive VEmpereur . Many hoped that the troublesome general would be deprived of his command ; but the President did not feel sufficiently powerful to adopt such extreme measures , and accordingly a hollow truce is

      pro-Chartist party . But where is that party now as an active organization ? And why , if the antecedent policy of Chartism has been imperfect , should not a new policy be initiated ?—still keeping the main object , the Charter itself , in the foremost place . An overwhelming majority resolved to lay their programme before the country , and to accept the verdict whether for or against the proposed union . We rejoice in the decision . The Chartist party needs a reorganization of its scattered elements , and the Conference offers the only programme yet put forth , which is not founded on the Chartist " pure and simple" policy , but on the Charter , " and something more . "

      There appears to be some dissension in the Chartist body . At the sitting of the John-street Conference , on Sunday , a motion was made for its immediate dissolution , on the ground that Mr . Feargns O'Connor and Mr . Bronterre O'Brien were hostile to the proposed union of Chartists withSocialists , that Mr . Ernest Jones was against it , and that Mr . G . W . M . Reynolds was not openly in favour of it . The reason was , that should the Conference proceed in the endeavour to establish the union it was feared that it would break up the

      The system of Bill-swindling disclosed this week suggests reflections on the lamentable consequences of a certain very explicable unwillingness to look difficulties in the face , and the readiness to rush at any issue without much heed of whither the issue may lead . Curious enough , too , it seems at firsfc sight that Clergymen should so frequently be involved in these pecuniary difficulties ; and this arises partly from the vague expectation of getting a " rich living " one fine day , but more from the

      claimed . The President , like the enthusiast in Canning ' s Rovers , exclaimed , " An idea strikes me —let us swear eternal friendship ! " and eternal friendship was sworn . While this diplomatic burlesque was being performed , a classical burlesque was got up in the Champ de Mars for the delight of the badauds ; Madame Poitevin , crowned with roses , and clad in a Grecian tunic , made her debut as Europa , with a " real" bullock for Jupiter , and , seated on his broad back , she ascended in a balloon

      expensive habits and bill-jobbing which their university education , by an almost inevitable process , involves them in j for , thrown among the sons of wealthy men at a time of life when temptation is most formidable , and forced under the severest penalties of Reconsideration to keep up to the standard of living they see around them , they quit the university not only hampered with debts , but hampered by that far greater evil , the habit of improvidence .

      amid tumultuary applause . At the dinner given in commemoration of the acquittal of Home Tooke , Hardy , and Thelwall , there was a more than usual display of Democratic enthusiasm . Mr . W . J . Fox making several powerful speeches ; Mr . Toulrnin Smith insisting with great vigour on his scheme of developing the old Saxon principles of local self-government as

      The Lord Mayor has been entertaining the Directors of Railway Companies , and the American Ambassador was loudly applauded for ^ saying that railways were the greatest labour-saving machine ever invented . But the eulogists of machinery are wont to overlook the fact that this " labour-saving " is in itself a curse , unless it be accompanied by an equivalent change in the social structure . The progress of material civilization is , undoubtedly , all tending towards the emancipation of labour ; but how if we devote all our energies to perfecting machinery , and leave those to starve whose labour thus becomes unnecessary ? If men are rendered

      opposed to excessive centralization ; and Mr . Francis Newman eliciting a storm of applause by saying , in proposing a toast in memory ot the Hungarians , that , although no Republican himself , he plainly saw that there was but one solution possible for Italy , Hungary , Germany , and Poland , and that was the Republic . Count Pulsssky , in returning thanks , referred to local self-government as the only substitute in Hungary for our free pres 3 and trial by jury—a sentiment which produced a " sensation . "

      superfluous at the Mill and the Forge , their hunger and fierce necessities are not made superfluous hy tho " improvement "; and , unless an equivalent change in our industrial system can be made , so as

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      News of the Week— Pa <* e An Eventful Career 775 Land Sales in Ireland 7 . S 0 LiTKitATUttE— * o < The Bishop of London ' s Charge .... 770 Miscellaneous 775 The Prosperous Landlords 780 M rs . Crowe ' s Light and Darkness .. « K 4 The Churches Militant 770 European Democracy— Social Reform — XVI . —Le Droit au Mazziiu on Italy <«* A Protestant Revival 771 The Central European Democratic Travail 780 Hooks cm our Table 7 Sl > The Patriots of 1794 77 L Committee 777 Orrv Cnumi- Tub Auts-Parliamentary and Social Reform .. 772 Associative Pkoourss— uien uouncii . Marston ' a New Irngedy * m The Intervention in Hesse 773 Working Associations ofParis .... 7 « 7 Diplomacy , Its Relation to Popular Ma « r « : ady s Shylock im Austria and Schleswig-IIolstein .... 773 Public Afkaius— reeling 782 Portfolio—Another French Crisis 773 Richard Cobden and National Edu- Our School * 1 * 2 Action ««« Austria and Prussia 773 cation 779 A Reformation 782 Sketches from Life 7 «« S Cooperation Versus Competition .. 773 Guy Fawkes 771 ) Replies to Attic . us 783 Uriel »* J The Bill-Swindlers 771 " For God and the People " 779 The Leeds Redemption Society .... 783 Commkkcial Akfaius- « ,., « . » The Burglaries of the Week 774 The Pope , or Free Thought 7 S 0 On Unitarianism 783 Markets , Gazettes , &c iJJ-J-

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      "The one Idea which History exhibits a 3 evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea ot Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-aided views ; and by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Hohboldi ' s Cosmos .

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  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 9, 1850, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1858/page/1/