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    .J^f . •• ¦ ..- THE LEADER. '[No. 495. S...

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    Some Memorials Of Eenee ,()F Feance, Duc...

    THE ITALIAN CAMPAIGNS OF GENERAL BONA- PARTE IN 1790-7 and 1800 . By George Hooper . With a Map . —Smith , Elder and Co . ' " The present throws such a li «* ht upon the past , that it may now be better _interpreted than it could at any previous _fteriod . -Nay , a few weeks will make a considerable difference in the state of maice a considerable ditterence in . tue state pr opinion . The independence of Italy adopted by France as a cau _^ e advantageous to herself , is now proved to have been not a mere illusion ,. of which the Bonaparte of the time _niigiit take occasion for the benefit of a dynasty , but a real European cause , which , apart from all personal cbnsidera- tions , ' necessarily arrayed the leader of the French armies on the side of freedom . Whatever might be the ambition or character of Napoleon , wlfat- ever his motive or design , however despotic or self-seeking , his part was necessarily , by the law of events and _theControl of inevitable destiny , on the side of Italian liberty and against Austrian predominance . The Napoleon of that time and _this could , and can , only represent Prance , and the cosmical relation in which that country stands towards others . The misconduct of the indivi- dual may delay the issue . But the tendency still progresses towards its destined termination , what- ever may be the _windings or impediments that the stream _mav have to master All this ' was shadowed forth in what has been called the " great design" of Henry IV ., and has since been indicated in the exploits of Napoleon IU . The ultimate form , however , to be assumed may be something very different from that pro- jected by either _; but the spirit of the entire tran- saction will be the same , and the preservation of the balance of power in Europe the prevailing motive . Mr . Hooper ' s book is not altogether enlightened with the experience which is now accumulating , and which brings out the principle above an- nounced in such strong relief ; nevertheless , he writes very sensibly on the general character of the contest : . " The first thing that strikes the observer is that ; the Napoleon of our day has Piedmont for an ally , and not for an enemy . Next , that he has started , not from _Liguria , but from Alessandria and the To . Thirdly , that he has not had to depend at first upon limited and precarious communications , traversing barren rocks and dangerous shores , but that he has had open to him all the roads into Italy , including the silent highway of the sea ; and that he has been able to transport men , materiel , and _atores , to Genoa and to Leghorn , and to send a fleet of war ships into the Adriatic , as well as to march his battalions over the Mont Cenis . Fourthly , one great fact must be noted ; the contending armies are four times as great as they were in 1796 , and more than three as great as they were in 1800 . Nor is this all : new arms have been invented , rifled cannon and rifled muskets ; new appliances , the electric telegraph used in the field , the apparatus of the photographer , above all the railway and the steamship , which have vastly augmented the locomotive power of armies , lessened then : fatigues , and brought them with speed and freshness to the very verge of the field of battle . These are great and important differences . It is true _tnatthebalance in favour of our day over the days ofold is shared by both Sldes , though in an unequal degree , for the _Austnans havq no commanding marine . In 1790 , the people , especially those of Piedmont and the States of Venice were animated by a strong dislike of the French . In 1859 ' there is _hWanltalian except he be a priest , or a noble . highly placed in the service of Austria , or an ignorant peasant besotted with superstition , who is not de- voted to France , because the French chief of 1859 , like his predecessor of 1796 , is regarded as tho " liberator" of Italy . " _ ., « _,, . _, . .. . _,. .. I , .. The following also merits implicit attention : — ' It has been seen that in our day tho French in- vading army has had free access to the plains of Piedmont by tho Alps , the sea , and the Apennines , In crossing the Mont Conis tho infantry were re- _minded of the genius of Napoleon the _Flr _« t ; and tho hwsemon who lately rode along tho Oorniche to tho gates of friendly Genoa , must also have remembered who it was that opened this fine road . On their side , also , the Austrians have made _roada that did not _exietin 1796 . There is tho great railway which links Vienna with Verona , Mantua , and Milan . In addition to tho mountain road through tUo Tyrol that , climbirig % \\ e Brenner * passes by Trent and down the valley of the Adige , they have made another road into the valley of the Adige by tho valley of the Dravo . They have also connected tho _aSSH _^^ _Si 9 _!^ _NS _^ _iJPJKgS ; _iLLu . ' _i'i . u _. . ft ..... . . ¦ ¦ I . ! .- ¦ '' _, ¦ , _r . rI _. ITHI . _mrft-iifti ¦ I _.. H . 1 1 _JWll _|; _r _^ _ml _1 _:-: _¦>^ _r _!^ _M _* _T _^ _fel _<^ _1 _h _t

    Some Memorials Of Eenee ,()F Feance, Duc...

    structed in p _* art above the limits of the eternal snows is a marvellous work of engineering . It _traverses ravines on bridges , it dives under hills , and descends in steep _gradients abrupt precipices . ' It is regarded as ' a strong line of military communicatio n with Como and Milan , because it may be easily defended ; but i ] t may be questioned whefeher , with an msurrec- Valtcline , it would be of great service in & cam ai _beyond _^ ecuring a i ine Sf retreat , easily closed to a , pursuing force , or in serving as a route along which a corps might be sent to vex and threaten the rear of an army fronting the Miricio . Then there is a road over the Mont Tonale which connects one of the affluents of the Adige with head waters of the Oglio , and joins the great Lombard highway between Milan and Brescia . The road over the lofty Tonale is connected witlr a road ex- tending westward to the basin of the kttle _lakeLake _™™> and passing down the eastern shore of the lake _^^^^^^ _HS'ihe _' _bSl o ° f the \ Ike _o _^^ A _^ the _^ V s _^ T _^^ a _^ tt purpose ofgiving Austrian troops a flank _aecessmto the plains of Lombardy . They may be turned against her by a daring chief , who with a sufficient force should carry on a . partisan war in the hills and deep glens so suitable for that kind of fighting , because they give access to the Tyrol and the flank of the Austrian line of communication by the valley of the Adigo , as well as access to _JLom- _bardy . " It will not be expected that we should present any analysis of this work , which obviously contains a popular exposition of a story only too often written , and generally known . Of _coiu'se , the author has endeavoured to throw in new light , and to redistribute the events to serve his own peculiar purpose . The tale is told with great spirit . Mr . Hooper ' s style is good ; his descriptions are graphic , and the course of action proceeds -with rapidity and Bonapartean vigour , The author ' s manner is appropriate to the stirring nature of his argument . — — A LITTLE TOUR IN IRELAND ; being a visit to Dub- lin _. Gahvay , Connamara _. _Atlilone , Limerick , Killarncy , Glengarriff , Cork , & c ., & c ., & c . By an Oxonian . With Illustrations by John Leech . —Bradbury & Evans . W _^ E the Oxonians work other tW it Is , Leech ' s illustrations would go far to make this w . "; , r T + _^ _o _*~ a _? _U _i _. _« + _1 . o _™ r ., W _/ , _Vm b ° ok P <> P ular - I * professes to be the production of a fast undergraduate , who writes satirically enough on current topics . Fox-hunting and lovemaking were among his foibles . His life was an everlasting dream of fair women . His attach- ments were fierce but fugitive . He was upwards of six feet high . His thoughts are not always equally elevated . His opinions on places , per- sonS ) and things in Ireland are of the running order * Touch and cro- touch and " _-o Touch and go , touch and O o . Nevertheless , among these touches , are touches of sincerity , e . g . — « The Chapel of Trinity College , like some in our English Universities , is more suggestive of . sleop than suppUcation , gioomy without being solemn , and the light dim without being religious . There was a sacrifice of two inverted hassocks upon the altar bllt the idol ofrthe p ] ace a giffantic pulpit , indignantly turned his back on them 7 and I was not eiow to follow his example , with a sigh for * " ? 1 _' ? V _^ O ? ( _J old days , when _noug-ht of rich or rare , _^ _tS _^ _iS _& S _^^^^ _^ . Indeed , I felt much more impressed and inclined to take off * my hat in the Examination and _Dining- Halls , as I stood in the pictured presence of Irish worthies , and thought of thorn , and of others not there ,, pourtrayed , in all their young power and pro- miso . ' I thought of Archbishop _CJsslttr _, who , a boy of eighteen , contended with tho Jesuit , _Fittf- _Symonda , and was designated by hia opponent as " acatholicorum dootissimus . " I thought of Swift , as well I might , having recently read , for the third time , that most touching _oasay on his life and gonius from tho master hand of Thackeray . * I could cry over that lecture any time ; there ia so much noble sympathy in it of one groat gonius with andthor _^ - such a tender yearning not to condemn , and , all the while , such a grand , honest resolution to take side with what is right and true . I thought of Swift , " wild and witty , " in tho happiost days of his uu- happy life , getting his degree , " speoiali gratid" ( as a most particular favour ) , und going forth into the world to ho a disappointed , miserable man— -to fight against weapons which Wmself had welded , a _hopa- - _"V _M » _S »» '"» _nour , 8 ta 0 ftho oig htooutU _. c » tury _^ ¦ ¦ _!^ _r _. _OCT _^ _n _;^ _' _^^ _^ _. _•" _: ' _r"" '' . ti i ' lt T _" ' ' !? _' _!; i : '; , ' 'i l _' . ' . ' . ' . 'vr , _> ,. _. ' _. _"""' _t 1 _-, ;' 1 , _"'"H 1 , rT , ' . iJ ; 'T < ""' i ' _. ' .

    Some Memorials Of Eenee ,()F Feance, Duc...

    less , maddening fight . All must pity , as Johnson and Thackeray pity , but who can love ? He put on the surplice for mere earthly views , and it was to him as the shirt of Hercules I And next ( could two men differ more ? - ) Of Goldsmith . I thought of him shy and silent ( for he was a dull boy , we read , and never learned the art of conversation ) , chaffed by his fellow-students and saluted by them , doubtless , in the exuberance of their playful wit , as Demosthenes , Cicero , & c & c until he might have felt himself , like _his ' own ' '" Traveller , " " Remote , unfriended ,. melancholy , slow ' . , . . v _. Q _~ , + t , _q _«~ f _« 1 i- ,, \ _^ _^^^^^^^^ _' _' _^^ _^ t _^^ He _^ Lc _^ i _^^ _hU _^* 1 _?* _- _^^ _Jance _* _£ _™ J _g _™ T _A ' as _^ tTJ a _S It § _« _£ _, _£ and for gentlem m n _Jj _£ _V _^ _lTZtel h _' igl ? ter > esence * £ « sweet gi _£ e radua ? es with the ! r golden hair ?») " and took _tlJbox Sis £ _*> much ta _^ s hea _^^ that he packed up his all , I _^™ ; _* , _^ _J _*^^? * _HSl o pro _^ . l y ' _^ _^ t _appeared from-college * _Iloraco Walpolc speaks of him as _^' an inspired idiot , ' and Gamck describes llim as one » _r who wrote like an angel , and _tSmSor p 0 _* » ' but I take leave to think that " the Deserted Village , " a tale told by this idiot , will be read when Walpole is ib'gotten ; and T believe the author to nave Been as _aetp as _uamLs . Other thoughts follow on these— -reminiscencies and associations without number , indicating that the Oxonian , fast , as lie might be , was not altogether unread , though not overburthened with _, such reading as destroys human wit , and makes a man respectable and dull . AVc regret to say , that in more than one instance , the undergraduate gives _reason to doubt of his thorough respectability ; that he is never _dulL we are willing to state with more readiness . The style is , to us , somewhat remarkable , and we detect in it the juice of the lemon . Sometimes , the author indulges in verse . Here is a specimen . T 1 IE BELLE OF THE SHANNON . ! x vn . - With swate se ' _nsashuns ; Her hair ' s the brightest , A _| _S _KJ _, _$ K & . _ISSulWiSK--Which 1 thrill me through ! Ah me . those fate ! Here hi Limerick ; city You need not tell a-Qf malden 8 prett _^ -bout Ciudere la , a tendorditty ; Forh c _,-s ex ce _^ a- & 111 chant to you . _° y > with maid andmano » , With look the purest , A' Btamer ran on . That ever tourist , Where silver Shannon From eyes _azurcst , _sh _^ _fM _^ crB I me * C wB _& ff , He bates to Shivers , As I went _rushino-, Rowling majestic m _^ _' c _^ bin _^ llr 0 _" 11 _Tlus king o ' Stramea jho _civum anui . m - ,.,. ' i ' _? ' » ,, _^ _smiiBd There , blandly baming , The wh 8 . 1 r l ( f SUt an _* 8 ' Qoh M ' V 8 e ? dramfnc _^/ On _lug-ffa _^ ' piled there , J : I first did note , She mo _bog-uiled , —ne ' er i u 8 c _£ * 8 ; V ** S _J" _^ ' A _. tdTbeg in _' to ' _&" «« _, _Comnoac _' e « nto Did \ _X noliT * On _lNunk _' _a »> oHmAntoaU , xv . Whereon _bW wit . Her very bonnet . x . j _^ _fKKo _' _onit Whnt ° uSlii _oftfory , A " f rd U th tfm ° o _* ' _Knfiht"JramifentiW ; B _H t _somothinL _fidror , For lovo hnvo _wroua tt . And dear , and rarer , But ne ' er w « r _) duel , in _coorso , the wearer , Nor torture cruoi Shall have my rhyme . ™ u _«™< _$ * _$£ _,..,., „ v . xt w . d h _S 0 7 , ? _^ ' tVr 0 o 0 a > For her voice ia _swntosr , _WlUol _» niBy Uato your » , ' H _^ r slmpo tiio nntest , Great Vanus , fair i And ni _> u compintt . > 8 t I'll no _' _cr forgot hur , a ° i while 1 " hfttrivor , o _»/ wiuif Sin 5 . fi hottnr _« _tliBHulltrht nuivor , _% K _& Pn _« aK } oi » _SUrfe _noli _nivor VI Her _nquui dud . Her darllnt face Is _" xn ; . mittd Boyond all pmlaoa , ? l rotl > i ? lll i c , « . » 0 _hl'urtc _< l , A S , < J * J _# » _^ _AWiko Ami _disoonmirio _. l ,-aij other _laaHoa A oim too low i she Just _BurimBsoB , An < 1 ., B T J i # tlll " _ii-hii _° > boyB , Aa wlno _moinasoH , ir , ° r iwmiiii in whi _^ oy , w fl ' Umou i ) IKu - _jjoforo wo go . _ , ___ . , _, , . _.,.., roft ( lors will , Enough . With these examples ou h _. ul , . bo satisfied , and for tho rest win , oi < w "' > * chase the volume itself . - m —¦ — I < _riw _tlSKnd metro aro _BunwoBfodfby Maiiony 1 _* 1 _""* _muutoai _vorsoe in _nraiso of _ThaMin < _tf _M " ll "' 0 ' ! :. ld ivom «» I Thi » lueura / _ro inoludud a ! onK lVJ" ' _, ° w i mo to Vimo _n _> _» _" *• tS _^ _T _^ l _^^ _^^ £ _^^^{ _ff ]» * ¦ " \ ' ' . "' _.. ' * " , : ¦ ' ; ' •" ¦ *' ¦ -+ _$ , ' _- '¦ - ' ¦<• ' _¦><• - •*¦ , " ¦;; : ''' ¦ '' ; _¦;¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦ _t , _^^^ _tttk

    .J^F . •• ¦ ..- The Leader. '[No. 495. S...

    _. J _^ _f . •• _¦ _..- THE LEADER . '[ No . 495 . Sept . 17 , 1859 .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 17, 1859, page 20, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/sldr_17091859/page/20/