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      Dition Involving The Most Contradictory ...

      mere ' s pamphlet , and it is now positively declared that the Court of Rome will not permit Cardinal Antohelli to appear unless the Emperor of France distinctly denies his adhesion to the views which advocate the restriction of the Pope ' s temporal power . Doubtless , this slight obstacle will , like its predecessors , soon be overcome or waived ; indeed it is already reported that it is so . To US it is a bright and hopeful sign of the times that the iniquitous rule of the Pope is arousing so much discussion . That such men as Count Robert d ' Aze <» lio can continue to link the Papal dominion with the felicity and well-being of his countrymen , i

      more liberal and advanced school . But , happily for Italy and the world , thinking ^ minds are throwin » off the fetters of priestcraf t and Romanism , and are beginning to realise the fact that the right of private judgment in matters of faith , and the right of political freedom and independence , must stand or fall together . The Italians have reason to be proud of the moral advancement they have made , the conduct they have pursued , and the progress their cause has reached during 1859 . We would fain hope that 1860 will see their patience rewarded by the realisation of a large instalment of that freedom and independence which will eventually , we doubt not , crown their efforts with complete success .

      1420 The Leader [No. 510. Dec. 31, 185s

      1420 THE LEADER [ No . 510 . Dec . 31 , 185 s

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      Germany. Dec. 28th, 1859. The Austrian O...

      GERMANY . Dec . 28 th , 1859 . The Austrian official papers admit now the fact of a serious riot having occurred atPesth . The rumours current last week were first denied , and then represented as originating in a mere street disturbance , which had been easily quelled by the police—that is » by the police authorities , assisted by the soldiery . In the present enthralment of the Austrian press , it is almost impossible to get at the facts , and the p ublic depends for information upon private correspondence , which varies according to the sympathies

      of the writers . There is , however , little doubt that the primary cause of the affair lies in the system of demonstrations and counter-demonstrations carried on between the different nations or races composing the Austrian empire , and may be regarded as one of the consequences of the grand German propaganda , which threatens to extend its baneful activity , not only over all Europe , but over the whole world . What Christ ' s Gospel unites , this sorry vanity would rend' asunder . The writers of England , Ireland , Wales , and Scotland , would do well to ponder upon the tendency of the groundless distinctions of Saxon , Anglo-Saxon , Celt ,

      Scandinavian , and Sclavonian , and all the host of frivolous national appellations , which have sprung up of late years . Austria has paid dearly for the support she has hitherto afforded to this propaganda , by the bitter hatred of her Italian subjects , and the consequent loss of Lombardy . She is likely to suffer for it in Hungary , and in her Sclavonian provinces . The immediate occasion of the late disturbance in Pesth , was according to the most trustworthy accounts , the refusal on the part of the authorities to permit the disinterment and translation of tho mortal remains of the patriotic poet Kisfaludy , from Vienna to his native town . The excuse for the refusal was plausible , and just enough in itself . No

      relation had applied for tho remains , and they could not bo surrendered to ¦ strangers , whose object was evidently to make a political demonstration therewith . The authorities imagined that the affair was thus settled , presuming that no relations of the poet were in existence . A relation , however , in the person of an old military pensioner , was found , by whom a formal demand was made for the remains . The populace , meanwhile , had become very excited , hnd some rioting took place which led to tho arrest of some students , Soon after , the

      wlrole body of the students of the University appeared before the police office , and with loud cries demanded the release of their fellow students . The chief official immediately telegraphed to tho capital for instructions ; but before he could obtain an aswor the attaqk wns made and the students delivered and borne off in triumph . A day or two after fully 20 , 000 persons again assembled in front of the police office , shouting and threatening . A ye ? y serious fight ensued , by all accounts ; the B , ° W > ofy . of cqurse , remaining masters of the SJWj , a v $ U not venture to repeat what I hear aSS * ^* 2 ? t ° "Wtrcesj all particulars are carefully suppressed in the Austrian journals , and oven

      correspondents are fearful of dwelling too largely upbn the subject , not knowing what manipulation their letters may possibly undergo at the post-offide . The authorities are doing their utmost to " stifle the agitation among the Protestants . Visits by the police have been paid to several of the superintendents or heads of religious communities for the purpose of searching for compromising papers . Some individuals have resisted , declaring they would not surrender their papers unless compelled by main

      force . Their houses were , however , entered , their desks and boxes broken open , and all the papers contained therein carried away . The Superintendent " of Conaorn having locked and barred his gate against the police , a locksmith was sent for to pick it , the authorities desiring to avoid the scandal of an entrance by violence . No locksmith , however , was to be found , who would perform the operation for the authorities , and they were finally obliged to fetch the gunsmith from the fortress .

      The rumour of the Emperor ' s intended abdication has been officially contradicted . A story is enrrent , that at a grand assembly the Emperor took his child upon his shoulder , and addressing the Company , said : Gentlemen , do I look like a worn-put pensioner ? The new organisation of the Prussian army , the particulars of which have already appeared in the columns of the I , eai > er ; is viewed now by the Liberals as a victory gained over them by the aristocrats , and fills them with dismal forebodings . The army , as your readers are aware , is to lose its present popular character- —a character , by the way , which had more of appearance , like everything else

      in Prussia , than reality in it . The Prussians have hitherto flattered themselves with the idea that because their army was composed of all classes— -that it was not an army of paid soldiers , but impressed citizens , therefore tyranny was impossible , and the whole people had a sort of voice in the Government of the country . The Landwehr , or Conscript Militia , may be considered as abolished . It will indeed be still retained as an institution , but the line will be so increased and organised ,, as to leave the Liandwehr an unimportant part to play in any future war . The . most significant circumstance connected with the alteration , and that which alarms theLdberals , is , the greater number of officers

      places , which . will be created , and which of course Will be at the disposal of the Government , to be filled by scions of the aristocracy . This virtual abolition of the liandwehr , the only apparent , however , really frail support of the rights guaranteed to the nation by the Constitution , the exclusive and conservative nature of the class haying the command of the army , the doubtful sincerity of the Regent in his progressive and liberal inclinations , are ominous matters of debate among ; the poor Liberals . The Wurzburg Conference States , i . e ., those States that took part in the Conferences at Wurzburg , would make us believe that they were in earnest . Of the subjects discussed at the Conference , four have been laid before the Federal

      Diet .. These four are : The publication of the Acts of the Diet ; a general law upon citizenship and the rights of domicile or settlement ; the introduction of a uniform civil and criminal code ; the defence of the German coasts ; and the revision of the Federal military constitution . The last proposal is subscribed to by Bavaria , Wurteraburg , Saxony , Hesse , Darmstadt , and Nassau ; the last but one by all the States , except the Electorate of Hessia ; the first , second , and third by all the Conference States , without exception . The two first proposals respecting the publication of the Acts of the Diet , and the laws of settlement , having been already brought forward "by Russia , were referred to the Committees sitting upon these questions .

      The Hanoverian Government has just announced that after the 1 st of January next the prohibition of the exportation of horses will cease . The report goes that the daughter of the Duke Max of Bavaria is betrothed to the Count Trapani , step-brother to tb , e King of Naples . Tho nuptials , however , are not to take place till tho affairs of Italy be settled . The young princess will probably discover some day that this was a harsh proviso . There is , indeed , every prospect of her dying an old maid . A letter from Mecklenburg says : In our partinmentary transactions , as in our Constitutional institutions generally tho most complete anarchy exists , Stenographic reports of parliamentary transactions are altogether impossible . Tho junkera , i . e ., young aristocrats , shout , jeor , and make game of the proceedings } mount the tables and play all manner of pranks in tho House of Assembly . This is nothing new , for some years ago tho junkers summarily closed a debate that was disagreeable to them by turning the Government Commissary out of the House . Tho widely-known Professor of Mineralogy at the University of Gottlngen , Hofrath Hausroann , died on Christmas day , aged 70 .

      Extract From Private Correspondence. Flo...

      EXTRACT FROM PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE . Florence , December 15 . We have just returned from Pisa . The loss of Lajatico is a real calamity for the country . His place can never be supplied ; and it may be said that all Tuscany is in mourning for this loyal-hearted and noble-minded man , whose first and last thoughts were for his country . Casa Capponi is thrown Into mourning "by the death of Don Neri Corsini Marcliese di Lajatico . Donna Natalia , his daughter , Paolo ' s wife , suffers severely from the affliction ., She struggles against her grief , but has frequent fainting fits , and her young face is so expressive of anguish that it is affectinor to sgp

      her . She was the ray of joy and the light of the house , poor young creature . Her sorrow falls heavily on her husband ' s grandfather , the Marcliese Gino Capponi , who , you know , is blind , and loves her even more , perhaps , than his own grandchildren . To morrow the body is expected to arrive , and will be received with military honours , and accompanied by the whole population to the Church of Santa Croce , where the heroes of Florence lie buried , and where a monument will be erected to his memory . They were such a happy family ! His wife was the brightest and most heart-satisfied of wives , and he was the best of husbands and fathers .

      It is probable that the Marchese Cosimo Ridolfi may be obliged to quit his doable post in the ministry , to go to Paris during the Congress . Salvagnoli is in such a state of health , that from one day to another he may be obliged to relinquish his post . He is suffering from disease of tho heart , which is far advanced . M . saw him in bed . Dec . 17 . Yesterday the remains of the Marchese di Lajatico were brought to Florence . They reached Leghorn in the morning , were conducted within the city accompanied by the national guard and local militia , and after receiving , honours from a . funeral gathering and service in the Duomo , were brought on to Florence . At the railway station the funeral

      car was met by the Florentine National Guard and militia , and thus accompanied , to the church of Santa Croce , where it arrived about five o ' clock , and was received with repeated salvos of cannon , in token of honour and respect . The members of the Tuscan Government , a great number of deputies , public functionaries and celebrities , were present at the religious ceremonial , as well as a crowd of the lower orders , who had lined the streets by which the cortege passed , and behaved with the utmost order and composure . The departed Marquis exercised the highest offices , with the sole view of advancing the best interests of his country . Devoted to the national cause , his name stands

      honorably enrolled in two pages of his country ' s history . . To this object he consecrated his intellect , his fortune , and his industry , and for his country he unhesitatingly sacrificed his private affections and domestic traditions . He accompanied to the field of battle both Charles Albert and Victor Emmanuel . After the preliminaries of Villufranca he was sent by the Tuscan Government to England , were he occupied himself in studying the best means of obtaining from the Congress of Potentates a peace which should provo not a passing truce merely , but a permanent remedy for the ills of Italy . His country feel too grateful fur his services to allow them to be recompensed alono by tears , and an association has been formed for coining a modal to perpetuate his name .

      Rooks Received.

      ROOKS RECEIVED .

      "The Church History Of Scotland." By Tho...

      " The Church History of Scotland . " By tho Rev . . John Cunningliam , Minister of Cricff . A . and C . Black , Edinburgh . " Tho Gordian Knot . " By Shirl « y Brooks . R Heiittoy . " Kftchi-Gaml ; Wanderings round Lake Superior . " By J . G . Kohl . Chapman and Hall .. , „ " Liberty Hall , Oxon . " 13 y > W . Whiwood Hoado . J Vols . Chas . Skcet . " Tho Prophet of Nazareth . " Knight and Son . " A . New Sentimental Journey . " Chapman nnd Hall . " Tho Old Coal Pit . " By J . E . May . J . W . l ' arkor and Son . " Tho Elements of Social Science . " E . Truulovo . " Graceful Riding . " R . Hnrdwlcke " Rills Irom tho Fountains . " Knight nnd Son . )( 1 Tho Instructive Picture Book on Natural History . Edmonston and Douglas , Edinburgh' , ,, . , " Martin Rattlor , or a Boy ' s Adventures In tho l-orcstoi Brazil . Nelson and Sons . ,. , . " Round tho World . " A Tale for Boys , huteon anu " OldJack , a Man-df-Wav ' s-man and South Son Whaler . " Nelson nnd ( Sons .

      Serials. . " Tho Comhlll Magazine." No. ...

      SERIALS . . " Tho Comhlll Magazine . " No . 1 . Smith , Elder and Oo . i " Stories of tho Lives of Notable Women . " »« ft' » anu Son . , „ ' « Longfellow ' s Prose Works , " No . 4 . Doaii « nd S ^ n-

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 31, 1859, page 16, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_31121859/page/16/