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Leader (1850-1860), 29th October 1853, Edition Country of 2, Page 6, AMERICAN NOTES. The relations of the Uni...

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      The Bakba.Bianh And The Civilized. (From...

      The civilized Power promises to disarm , and advances new troops . The barbarian Power seeks to restrain the popular impulse , and makes no preparations for war but such as the commonest prudence suggests . The civilized Power pretends to negotiate , and spurns negotiations .. The barbarian Power takes diplomacy seriously , and awaits with confidence the result of the negotiations . The civilized Power seizes the property belonging to the inhabitants of the country which it arbitrarily holds in military occupation . The barbarian Power secures by new guarantees the property of foreign subjects under its rule .

      The civilized Power sequesters the property of the Wallachians , whom it suspects of not regarding favourably its domination . The barbarian Power declares that to lay embargoes on commerce is an unjust measure , and declines to exercise it . The civilised Power interrupts the communication between the Danubian provinces . The barbaHan Power announces that the waters of the Straits shall remain open during hostilities between the two nations . The civilized Power interrupts commercial relations .

      The barbarian Power employs all its efforts to prevent commerce suffering more than can possibly be helped from the necessities of war . The civilized Power confiscates the property of the barbarians . The barbarian Power permits the civilized , who are the aggressors in the war , to withdraw themselves , with their fortunes , realized in the barbarian country . The civilized Power makes war like barbarians . The barbarian Power conducts itself with a generosity of principles not always observed in analogous circumstances by nations the most advanced in civilization . The civilized Power takes everything , and pays for nothing . The barbarians pay for all they take .

      The civilized Power obliges men to shave off their beards because they are Jews , and their wives to renounce the ornament of long hair . The barbarians let the Jews dress as they like , and accord them the same rights as to believers of other religions . The civilized Power sends away to Siberia , aged , sick , and infirm nuns , because they honour the Pope of Borne more than the Patriarch of Moscow . The barbarians suffer the followers of the Patriarch of Moscow , and those of the Pope of Rome , to pray according to their respective faiths . The civiHzed Powerfmtea the knout to make proselytes . \ y f The barbarieuis do not seek to make proselytes , and reject the influence of the knout in religious matters .

      The civilized Power excites the fanaticism of tho ignorant . Tho barbarians strive against the ignorance of fanatics . The civilized Power makes , from the evangelical pulpits of its churches , daily appeals to the lusts aijd passions of the masses .

      The barbarians endeavour to enlighten the masses . Tho civilized Power has no other motive for war but that of enriching itself with tho property of others . Tho barbarians are fighting for the defence of their honour , their country , their religion . The civilized Power lias had recourse to trickery , employed false pretexts , and to the latest moment tried to niiHlead and deceive Europe . The barbarians have aotcd frankly , in tho face of tho world , and have deceived nobody . The civilized Power reckons on its might . The barbarians rest upon the right . The civilized Power is barbarous . The barbarians are civilized .

      1038 The Leader. Tsatuktoa*,

      1038 THE LEADER . tSATuktoA * ,

      Co Rporatjon Reform. •Subjoined Is The C...

      CO RPORATJON REFORM . Subjoined is the copy of a letter which has boon addrofldod to tho Lord Mayor by Mr . Coleridge , tho Heerotary to the royal commissioners appointed to inquire into the state of tho corporation of tho city of London . " Downing-strect , Oct .. 22 . " My Lort > , —I am directed by tho commissioners for inquiring- into the state of tho corporation of tho city of London , to inform your lontahip , that at their Unit mooting , which they have hold ' thin i \ ny at tho oflieial residence of the . First Lord of tho Troiwury , they have taken into consideration the course of their future proceeding . "An full documentary evidence with regard to tho constitution of the eity of London , uj > to a very recent period , already exists in . an authentic form , the commiHsionom purpose U ) commence thoir investigation with receivingthe evidence of persons who may have complaints to make or alterations to suggest with respect to the present state mid government of the corporation . At . a future ntngo of the inquiry the commissioners will bo prepared to examine * the ofliccrn of the corporation . "With a view to afford tho requisite information m wpoedily m possible to tho pontons more particularly intorcHtod in the proceedingn of tho commisHion , tho commiooiouera will take otepu to cimrtuunicuto to thorn printed

      copies of the evidence taken before them from time to time . I am , my lord , your lordship ' s obedient servant , ( Signed ) " J . D . Coxeeidgb , Secretary . " The Eight Hon . the Lord Mayor , & e . & c . " It may be stated that Mr . Coleridge , the secretary , is a son of one of the learned commissioners , and the nephew of another . At a meeting of the City Common Council , on Thursday , the Lord Mayor took occasion to state , that the letter printed in the newspapers had not been copied from the original sent to him .

      The royal commissioners assembled , on Thursday , in their chamber at the residence of the First Lord of the Treasury , Downing-street , Mr . Henry Labouchere , the chief commissioner , presiding , and the secretary to the commission ( Mr . Coleridge ) being present . The object of the meeting was preliminary to the inquiry , which it was decided should commence on Tuesday next , at twelve o ' clock . It was stated that the gentlemen of the press would be afforded every accommodation which the ' limited space permitted , and it was announced that the formal proceedings would open with the evidence of Mr . James Acland , secretary to the Municipal Reform Association .

      American Notes. The Relations Of The Uni...

      AMERICAN NOTES . The relations of the United States and Mexico are extremely ticklish just now . Ever since his assumption of power , General Santa Anna has cried , Hurrah for independence ! upon every possible occasion ; and lias talked a great deal , and written more , about leading his brave soldiers , who lad been so often defeated , io victory or death . He has collected a considerable army on the Texan frontier ,, and rumours have been freely circulated in the United States that he intends to proclaim himself emperor of Mexico , and then make ¦ war on the Yankees .

      These reports have drawn forth a letter from General Almonte , Minister at Washington . He ostentatiously denies that Santa Anna intends to attack a " friendly power ; " and he explains that the troops have been concentrated in order to repel the incursions of bands of men from the American side , and to hold the Indians in check . The latter duty , he avers , the United States undertook to perform by the treaty of G-uadalupe Hidalgo—a treaty they have neglected to fulfil ; hence the armaments . The charge of neglecting to carry out the treaty is adroitly made in the shape of a statement of fact .

      It seems that the New York Herald has assumed the character of a prophet , led on by its opposition to the present government . The Herald predicts a commercial crisis , and lays the blame at the door of the Pierce cabinet . But another journal not democratic in ita principles , pooh-poohs the prediction . It is said that Mr . James Gordon Bennett lias actually had the audacity to apply for the post of United States' Minister to P : iris , and has of course been refused . Hence the gross party attacks made so constantly by the Herald on the government , and its virtuous abuse of " office seekers . "

      The post of Minister in Paris has been given to Mr . John Mason , of Virginia , late Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations .

      Cape Affairs. The Latest Advices From Th...

      CAPE AFFAIRS . The latest advices from tho Cape are less cheerful than usual ; and tho brief sunshine of peace is already overshadowed by rumours of renewed discontent . The colonists ai - e alarmed at the order for the withdrawal of four regiments , part of the force stationed in the Amatolas ; and not less so by an inexplicable report that the instructions of Sir George Clerk are to prepare for the entire withdrawal of British authority from tho Orange sovereignty . The people thero are strongly opposed to separation ; and petitions have been forwarded home , begging Ministers to reconsider their

      measures . " Tho tribes recently subdued have not , indeed , manifested any directly hostile spirit , but it is known that the chiefs are discontented , and lurvo expressed their indignation strongly , to General Oathoart , at the limited extent ; of country he has assigned them . About threo wooks siiifo , at a meeting which his JCxcollency held with thorn , Miu'omn , on behalf of tho other chiefs , declared that tho lurid given them was too small— ' it was all stonefl , they could not till it ; , and there was no bush for firewood—they wanted tho Amatolas . ' This General Catheart decidedly refiiHod , giving thorn to understand that their possosnion of that locality would certainly involve another wnr ; and the ICatirs , it is stated , 'left the mooting not at all satisfied with tho result . ' Those Amatolas—the Gibraltar of Kufir-Ltuid—are at present hold in military ' occupation by a j ) ortion of the troops now about to bo removed . - "A public ; work of great importance to tho western districts of the colony has just boon completed . Hefcwoon Capo Town and the rich corn-growing regions of Worcester thero intorpoHos , at ajjdistanoo of about forty miles , a vast , ran go of mountains stretching ncrosa tho country , mid nearly cutting oil' the capital from all communication with tho interior in that direction . TIiobo mountains are only payable at a few points , where it . wan formerly ncccflnnry to unload a wagon at ono nido , carry over tho packages by hnnd , or on tho backs of hornet ! , and rc-lood them into another at the other side—in short , they form as eomploto a barrier to intercourse * by whool carriages an tho Inthinns of IDnrion . to whips . At an oxponno of 60 , 000 / ., with the labour of our colonial convicts , thin mighty barrier lias boon cut through , from ono mido to tho other—upwards of

      18 miles—and a magnificent road constructed , by which the untold wealth of the interior may pour down unob structed to the shores of Table Bay . This road was opened for public use last week , amidst great rejoicings . " The term of the old Legislative Council expires next July , and it has been officially informed of the measures adopted for bringing the new constitution into operation .

      The Maine Liqfor Law For England. Everyt...

      THE MAINE LIQFOR LAW FOR ENGLAND . Everything happens in these our modern or latter days . Some gentlemen have actuall y met at Manchester , and begun the latest "development" of teetotalism . Their object is the chimerical one of suppressing all traffic in spirituous liquors and intoxicating drinks by act of Parliament . The engine with which this is to be effected is to be called the "United Kingdom Alliance . " There "was an exceedingly crowded

      meeting , and among the leading advocates of the movement present were—Sir "Walter C . Trevelyan , chairman ; Mr . James Silk Buckingham , Dr , F . R . Lees the Rev . Jabez Bums , D . D ., London ; Messrs . Benjamin Parsons , of Ebbley ; Lawrence Panting , M , A ., Chebsey ; Fergus Ferguson , B . A ., Glasgow ; Henry Gale , B . C . L ., West Lambrook ; D . M'Rae ; Samuel Bowiey ; and W . Willis , of Luton . The pr incipal resolution was as follows : —

      " That this meeting , regarding the liquor-vending establishmenta of the country as a source of temptation and a nursery of crime , incompatible with the advance of society in the path of true civilization , calls for the entire suppression of the traffic in intoxicating liquors . That this meeting cordially approves the objects and constitution of the ' United Kingdom Alliance , ' for procuring the legislative prohibition of the traffic in intoxicating beverages , and accords to that movement its hearty sanction and support . " The movement has at least the merit of running counter to free-trade .

      The Sanitary State Of The Nation. The We...

      THE SANITARY STATE OF THE NATION . The week ending Saturday last shows an increase of chlolera in London . It will be remembered that in the two previous weeks the number of deaths were 66 and 45 ; last week it rose to 83 . The south districts still hold that fatal pre-eminence in death which has all along distinguished them ; no fewer than forty-nine out of the 83 having occurred there . It is clear , also , that the severity of the epidemic is greater this year than it was in 1848 ; for in the corresponding week in that year , the number of deaths was 34 . Yet , with all this special mortality , arising , as it is now so clearly shown , from the accumulated filth of years , the health of London is , on the average , as good as it has been for the last ten years . The deaths were 105 L This is exactly the number resulting from a calculation founded on the average of the same week in former years . It cannot be said that the cholera has not given fair warning ; and tho local authorities , to whom tho inspectors are revealing the foul abominations in the districts under their charge , have the winter before theni to mak , e provision for meeting any renewed outbreak in the spring . Even on the north side of the Thames there are shocking dwelling-places . Mr . Grainger gives a , specimen . 'Tho worst specimen that came under my notice wan ft . place called Gray's-buildings , Duke-street , Manchestersquare . It is densely crowded , closed at tho west end by high buildings , preventing ventilation , and witli tho surfaeo strewed with refuse . There are here numerous

      miserable , dark , damp , cellars ; there is no open area , nothing but an iron grating for the admission of light . Ono of these areas was measured ; it was eig ht feet bmow tho street , and only twenty-soven wido . In tho iront cellar lived n man and wife , with ono child , with two other grown-up people , tho rent 2 s . Od . In tho bade collar , a gloomy liolc , were living a woman and her son ; re » 2 s . On inspection , I found several ash-pits , almost lull ; tho dustmen , it was stated by several women , did not come morothan onco a fortnight , and thondid not remove all tho refuse , the worst at tho bottom being loft . ¦ " «> men oxpoct boor , and will not do their duty without it-Ono woman , who bad lived two years in tho house , Jma never known tho pit emptied to the bottom , 1 Jio etonui was described as horrible , especially when tho iiltn va thus disturbed without com pie to removal ; 'tho flim- ' often made them sick . ' Tho privies , as usual , wore mmm *

      offensive . " . iqm Tho medical ovidonco collected fdiows that , in X »«» , tho inhabitants of thin dangorouH class oi dwoinni , , Buffered most severely from cholera ; that Hcnrlot lovoi in its most malignant form constantly recurs »« rapidly spreads in them ; and that tho worst clawn typhus occurring in London in neon there . -AH example of tho rate of disease found , on mspocu" ,, . prevalent , Mr . flnungor oiton *! " > ™« ~ lioroin . Hellstreet Liason w . «» ¦

      "I visited No . <> , - ; , -grove , family occupied tbo two collars , having floven <<» ' four of whom had just had thn Bcarlet fever ; wihihi . tho back room above , another boy had l' «« n ™ m °£ y . ,, f tho same disease to the Fevor Hospital , llio "'^ A , Jo this family is most instructive ; they are very ram .. . people , with all tho flomforta of Jifo as to fooc 1 , < W jJ ' Ao . tho rooniB aro quite down , neat , and won »'" ,. , of but thus living Hovon loot four indies bolow tho turn ^^ tho street , and in very low and mnall rooms , '' J _ n <) ti boon most moldy . They have lived hero live ¦ yn » < Ijor ( , from choice , but from having a largo iarmly , < ]( 1 i oinff great demand for liouao tvcownmodutioP , w « J

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 29, 1853, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_29101853/page/6/