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Leader (1850-1860), 28th August 1852, Edition Country of 2, Page 1, While domestic affairs remain in a state...

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      " The One Idea Which History Exhibits As...

      " The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea cf Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside ths distinctions of Religion-Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Humboldt ' s Cosmos .

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      News Of Theweek Page Self-Supportingfarm...

      NEWS OF THEWEEK PAGE Self-supportingFarm of the Sheffield Union A Guano " Difficulty" Letters from Paris ............. Continental Notes I International Postage Mr . F . O . Ward ' s Pic-Nic on the proposed Metropolitan Gathering Ground Progress of Association ............... Screw Steamers for Australia . Scientific Air Voyage Railways in 1851 Sugar Treason Shameful Railway Accident 814 815 816 817 817 818 818 818 818 819 819 819

      Glasgow on Direct Taxation ... Dublin Exhibition of 1853 Illegal Orange _ProceBsionB Captain Shepheard once more ... The " Mysterious Stranger" ... Trial of the Thames ' Wreckers Skittle Sharping Miscellaneous ..... Health of London Week Births , Marriages , POSTSCRIPT PUBLIC AFFAIRSThe " Felonial" Office Concert in Railway Administration 820 820 821 821 821 821 i duringthe 822 822 823 and Deaths 824 824

      The True Agricultural Boat Transportation of the Condemned _Woolcombers at Bradford The Three Poachers of Workington International and Colonial Postage The Co-operative Movement The Errors of the Temperance Advocacy Platt on the Passions COUNCIL OPEN The Recent Co-operative The Temperance Cause .. The Turbulent Clique at Mechanics' Institute ., To Continental Leaders . 825 825 826 826 826 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; lf 7 Conference 828 . the Dublin 828

      LITERATUREDouhleday on Social Science . Specimens of Indian Poetry . Louis Blanc on the Revolution 829 if 831 831 831 Plato's Repubhc .... Books on onr Table « _.. t »« _. M _portfolio-Letters of a Vagabond 832 The Fairy Wife 834 THE ARTSShakspeare againin the Province * ... 834 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSMarkets , Advertisements , & c ... 834-83

      Vol. Iii. No. 127.] Saturday, August 28,...

      VOL . III . No . 127 . ] SATURDAY , AUGUST 28 , 1852 . [ Pmce Sixpence

      3km Di Tk Wttk

      3 km di tk Wttk

      While Domestic Affairs Remain In A State...

      While domestic affairs remain in a state of extreme stagnation , there continues to be some supply of political excitement from abroad . Scarcely has the Fishery dispute been brought _$ o a conclusion , ere a new American question is raised , not indeed directly concerning this country , but collaterally threatening ratherseriousoolnplications . It will be remembered that the British Minister for

      Foreign Affairs was urged by certain persons in the City to protect British ships in the forcible visitation of the Lobos Islands for the purpose of collecting guano , and that he declined , on the ground that those islands had always been treated as part of the territory of Peru . Exactly the same application has been made to the Government of

      the United States , with an exactly opposite conclusion ; and on most extraordinary grounds . Mr . Webster lays down three ways in which islands may be attached to territory—by lying within a marine league of the shore , by first discovery , or by occupancy . And as " this department is not aware " that the Lobos Islands were either discovered or

      occupied by Spain or Peru , he thinks it " quite probable that Benjamin Morrell , jun ., who , as master of the schooner Watson , of New York , visited those islands in September , r 823 , may justly claim to be their discoverer ; " and therefore the Government of the United States orders a warship to protect American citizens in forcibly taking guano . The notion that a visitor in 1823 could

      be the " discoverer" of the islands , is . almost as ludicrous as thc mode in which Mr . Webster places the ignorance of " this department" respecting certain well-known facts amongst the data for his conclusion . The aggression on Peru is accompanied by nn avowed dislike and jealousy of Great Britain . It is the Government in Washington which now seems to he risking the duration of peace .

      Ihe uneasiness across thc Atlantic gives some slight interest to the Jamaica meeting in Liverpool ; where a hint was again thrown out , that the illused and discontented West Indians , if tbey caunot obtain more satisfaction from the British Government , may « cut the painter , " and drift towards the United States . We have got so used to the threat that we have learned to disregard it ; but _» t does sometimes happen that repeated menaces wc fulfilled . [ Country Edition . ]

      While Domestic Affairs Remain In A State...

      In France , the Prince-President has fallen upon evil auguries , if not as yet upon evil days . All the _symbols of the Empire that gas and pasteboard can devise to consecrate the Fete , are scattered to darkness and derision by the scornful winds—a waste of thousands to distract a people , cold , mocking , and disenchanted—even of fireworks . The * ' Billingsgate" ball turns out a total failure : the chief actor absent , tbe heroes and heroines of the Halle obstreperously discontented , the

      popularity-hunting masqueraders of the Elysee confused and dismayed , and the rain flooding dancers and decorations with contempt . No wonder that Louis Napoleon should be demoralized and moody at St . Cloud . Repulsed by the silence of the populace , by the darkened windows of the bourgeoisie , he courts enthusiasm among the fishfags , and they hoot his ill-graced ministers , who have not even the courage of their own folly and of their own servility .

      The press is hunted down , and springs up m a thousand unsuspected shapes and disguises . The petitions for the Empire are pushed again , by authority ; for time presses , and the Star already wanes . The army , indeed , is announced to he reduced ; but as a strong reserve force is mentioned , it is rather a re-organization than a reduction , to throw dust in the eyes of Europe . As a measure of retrenchment , the announcement would

      indicate the sense of a financial crisis looming in no distant future : but as a pacific demonstration , let M . de Persigny , our new guest , speak for its sincerity . In the presence of subjects like these , thc continued reports of a split in the English Cabinet , probable as they are , possess but little interest . Everybody knows that the Cabinet lacks the great elements of unity—success and self-confidence . Its shaking condition is contrasted with demonstrations , like the statue inauguration at Leeds ,

      that continue even yet to keep alive the memory of their great opponent , Sir Robert Peel . The continued uncertainty of the weather renders thc prospect of the harvest daily more adverse , and the enemies of Ministers are almost chuckling over a calamity which will , give the Protection party its coup de grace . Thoir great source of safety lies in the fact tbat all parties dislike them , but upon opposite grounds ; so that the antagonizing pressures keep them up in the middle .

      While Domestic Affairs Remain In A State...

      Amongst the half political movements about the country , the meeting at the Hollow Meadow * Farm , near to Sheffield , is one of the most interesting . In spite of every impediment and adverse prognostic this reclaiming farm is successfully established . Guided by their able clerk , Mr . Watkinson , the Poor Law Guardians have

      succeeded in showing what reproductive employment can do in improving the moral tone of the paupers , and in checking merely idle applications for relief from the able-bodied . At the meeting , many well-known persons were present , —among them Lord Goderich , the newly-elected member for Hull , and a member of the Poor Law Reform Association . That the Poor Law is a lever which

      may be used in elevating the condition of the working classes is a fact daily becoming better understood , and a continually extending knowledge of the truth is now guaranteed by the number of practical , able , and earnest men that have addressed themselves to the task . Reproductive employment is better than compulsory emigration , like that attempted in

      Bradford , to clear it of the used-up class of woolcombers . Though voluntary emigration is a good thing , and in default of better measures it is beginning to tell powerfully on the condition of the labouring class . It does not yet appear to flag ; in the Times of Wednesday more than two columns were filled with advertisements of ships about to sail for different parts of Australia 1

      lo the dull season the railway companies arc contributing their peculiar share of excitement . Accidents have been very rife . That at Bolton , although not so fatal as some , exceeds all that have gone before it in extravagancy . At the Bolton station , through various circumstances of . confusion and unpunctuality , five trains are brought to a stand , besides a sixth in advance , " and out of thc way ; " though of course it prc-occupicd a siding . Emerging from a curve that is almost covered by

      tunnels and bridges , unchecked by signals , a seventh train dashes up , and several carriages are smashed . An eighth train , it is reported , barel y escaped the same disaster . The pointsman who neglected the signal has avoided inquiry by hanging himself ; but of course the public will not suifer him to be made the scapegoat for all _tfae elaborate mismanagement which conspired to build up this gigantic " accident . " The less , as almost simultaneously appears the report of the

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 28, 1852, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_28081852/page/1/