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Leader (1850-1860), 24th January 1857, Edition 2 of 2, Page 1, Fwe could trust to any of the ordinary s...

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      < $ § e && dm tmu mmHW , S & a >& % / bptf ' qflP wf vmtlutt A POLITICAL AND LITERARY REVIEW .

      •'The One Idea Which History- Exhibits A...

      • 'The one Idea which History- exhibits as evermore developing - itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble c o / our t 0 _ throw o . own . all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and . one-sided views ; and , by setting aside the distinctions ot Keugion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development ol our spiritual nature . "—Humboldts Cosmos .

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      Review Of The Week- Vaoe Oar Civilizatio...

      REVIEW OF THE WEEK- vaoe Oar Civilization .... . 80 Baron Martin and his Assailants 86 PORTFOLIO—• TkeDelioateQuestiorf ........... 74 y ^^ t ^^""" " "" II llldia ' - 86 The Cry for Slavery .......... 81 A Case of Conscience 74 ^ ItVnisnf ' '"' i \ OPEN COUNCIL— ¦ . .. . * SignorSaffi'sLectures 75 * ostscnpt 82 RhaU Turkev be Ro ^ noratP ? Sfi THE ARTSPublic Meetings 75 PUBLIC AFFAIRS- bnall lurKey be Jtegenerate ? . 86 Eauestrian Statue of Piold Mar State of Trade : 77 The Electoral Movement in Trance 83 LITERATURE- sha ? Lord Hardtnge f Pleld ' Mar- Accidents and Sudden Deaths .... 77 Success of the Income-tax Ag-ita- Summary 88 Theatrical Notes " 92 America .. . 77 tion 83 Alfieri and Gold ' oni \ " \\\\\'" . \" . " . ' . ' . " 7 '" 88 ' - ^ ' n £ f nv-W-ir — " - - II A . i , S ? • 8 * Guizot on Peel '"¦ 89 The Gazette .. 93 The Trial of Verger 78 ' Work Wanted ..... 84 Pre-Raffaellitism 89 Continental Notes 79 j The Verger Trial . 85 The Wandering Jew !" . '"""! " !;!"" 1 ) 0 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSObltuary - ¦• ¦••• • • 79 ' ' Honcst Iago ' .--.---.. 85 Oliver Cromwell ,. ... ; "" . 90 City Intelligence , Markets , & c © 2

      Vol. Viii. ]Sto.357.] Saturday, January ...

      VOL . VIII . ] STo . 357 . ] SATURDAY , JANUARY 24 , 1857 ^ Price ( wstampbd . 3 ivbpbnob . . " - ± 7 - "j-vj-i { hitamped Stx-nence .

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      Fwe Could Trust To Any Of The Ordinary S...

      Fwe could trust to any of the ordinary signs , we might suppose the people about to awaken itself , and to take the conduct of business more into its own hands . At present , to all seeming , arrangements are making out of doors to determine what Ministers shall do in Parliament . When Lord Palmerston issues his circular , requesting the Members of his party to be in . their places on the 3 rd of February , he is mustering an army that may , perhaps , not be so strictly disciplined as it was last session . " Various considerations may countervail the ministerial commands . There are

      constituencies , and , although we are assured that Parliament will not be dissolved in June , Members necessarily are looking for their own parliamentary death , and preparing to cast up their accounts with their constituents . Now the constituents are already moving , and have apparently made up their minds on some few important subjects . The first of these is the Incometax . The same papers that put forward Lord Palmebston ' s muster-call , are filled with meetings in the several towns of the country , all telling the same story , or very near it . If all speakers are not

      for abolition , all arc for a very large reduction ; and there is a universal complaint that the tax is unequal in its incidence , injurious in its mode of collection . Thus it was remarked tliat the agricultural interest pays less than the one class of placemen in the country , and but a fraction of the amount paid by the towns . It is not at all probable that the agriculturists would consent to an increase of their share ; but the impossibility is only a proof that it is not practicable to arrange the tax so as to reconcile it to justice or to the public . The people are sick of it , and will only tolerate it if they sec it largely and rapidly diminishing .

      That is one point ; anothcV measure appears to have been settled out of doors , in fact by a fresh conference betweon Sir Joiik Takington and the people of Manchester . A bill has been prepared , and Mr . Cobden , it would seem , has consented to act with Sir John as the introducer of the bill to Parliament . It is customary for bills to have three names upon , them ; and that would indeed be a remarkable document if it bore on its back the names of Lord John Russell , Sir John Pakington , and Mr . Cobden . The unemployed—they too are loud , and they will certainly come before Parliament by petition .

      They are answered by the press , that they would not make good labourers on the waste lands , and that to call for support when they are out of work is Socialism . " If the aggregation of wealth is the object of a nation , the economists are right ; if the welfare of the whole number of human beings collected on this spot of earth is the paramount object , then the necessitous condition of thirty-five thousand working builders demands instant measures for their relief , with the removal of any obstruction to a readjustment of their wordly condition . Tor let it never be forgotten that the working classes are made what they are , not by the absence of measures to assist them , but by the enforcement of measures to restrain their free action . The industrial classes do not find that they are at the present moment enjoying that rise of prices which is benefiting many trades , though not all . The boot and shoe makers , for example , feel a difficulty , created by the intense competition of trade , in raising their prices ; and the London meeting this week has not grappled with that part of the subject at all imperatively . It has simply recommended a rise , not the rise of twenty-five per cent , which vras recommended at Northampton , still less the seventy-five per cent , talked about at that meeting . Another e ' meute in trade has been created by a decision s ome time sin ce in the Court of Exchequer Chamber . As a commercial question the point is simple ; as a legal question , complicated . Mr . Kingstord , a manufacturing chemist , sold a quantity of acid , which passed from purchaser to purchaser , not bodilj in bulk , but in the form of a delivery order . At last this delivery order found itself in the hands of a Mr . Merry , who advanced 2000 / . upon it , and afterwards sold it to recover his loan , paying over the difference to tlic assignees of the borrower , who had become a bankrupt . That borrower had been guilty of fraud , and the original vendor proceeded against Mr . Merry to make good the value of the acid . Various decisions , ending with Chief Baron Pollock , settled that Mr . Merry was exonerated , his own share in the transaction having been perfectly regular ; but the judges sitting in error Iinvc reversed that decision . This judgment casts a doubt upon the valid tenure of all documents of title resembling delivery orderssuch , for example , as dock wan-ants , bills of lading , & c . ; but since an immense amount of trade is transacted by the sale or deposit of such documents , the latest decision has created a panic amongst commercial men .. They have held a mcetiuc thia

      week , appointed deputations , and are proceeding to Parliament for an act to settle the question . They wish such securities as we have described to be placed on a footing with , bills of exchange . The necessity of settling the law , at all events , is the more important from the immense extension of fraud . A sentence , like that on Hedpath at the end of last week , of transportation for life , does not cut out the diseased part of commerce . Keni was acquitted , on the grounds that he was not cognizant oritEDPATH ' s fraud , but had only been guilty of irregularities ; and a part of his defence rested on the facts that others had committed similar irregularities . Fraud is very extensive , " irregularities " still more so ; and , under such circumstances , it is important that at least the law should be fixed . ' The conflicts of law , indeed , have been numerous , and have not been confined to commerce . Sect has had its combat this week in the case of Alicia 11 a . ce , the child of a Homan Catholic mother , whose Protestant school teachers claimed the right of keeping her at school against the mother ' s , will ; while Chief Justice Campbell has decided that the claim of the Protestant school , in contravention of parental authority , is not admissible . The intervention of the law has been claimed in a painful case at Liverpool . Alarm was created by sounds of fighting on board the ship John L . Bogart , which was boarded by the police , and the bloodstrewn deck showed the savage nature of the conflict that ; had taken place . Mutiny was the cliargc advanced Ivy the officers against the crew ; the crew , consisting , at least in part , of coloured men , retorted a charge of cruelty , and the facts ai'e indeed most suspicious . It is asserted that soinc of the officers had inveigled the men on board by answering to the name of another ship . At all events , pistols , knuckle-dusters , and other weapons appear to have been used freely ; and the case is under investigation . The United States Government cannot desire that those who break the natural laws of justice and humanity should escape responsibility . ^ C "" -rv """""> v . A more hopeful ' subject brin ^ i ^ J ^ fcTmc ^ mv i ~ j inerce . Mr . Squier has this wffiS ; W § Si £ fx ^^^ rn to the Society of Arts the natiro ^ i \ itTj » ^ g ^ iifij | fc ^ i connecting the Atlantic and P ^ f ^' ' Hy ^ M aiB . ! w ;/¦ a railway through the state flfl ^ MMfrS ^^ £ ? particular lino chosen is espccf ^ l ^ JW ^^ i & jg ^^^ ^ the state is most desirous to < HflQv ** $ ^ a ^ raefefe $ i » rt across its territory ; the sierra of WiffiaamKfit ^ ftfcp natural break at the spot , the engntfuring * " £ uiB > cultica arc slight ; and oven if a ship canal should

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 24, 1857, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_24011857/page/1/