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Leader (1850-1860), 21st April 1855, Edition 2 of 2, Page 5, ' A i ——¦ —¦ The of the Smalt^ in the fl...

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      ? T He Wa R. The Bombardment Has Recomme...

      27 th instant , the operations of the siege have been continued , without any material mterruption from the « 5 my beyond occasional shots from guns and mortars , ^ nd the more constant firing of musketry from rifle-pits , wMch have occasioned , I regret to say , the casualties which your Lordship will see in the returns I enclose . " Captam A . E . Hill , of the 89 th Regiment , whom I mentioned in my despatch , No . 222 , as having ^ been severely wounded and taken prisoner , died , I regret to TJy , of his wounds , before he reached the Russian ambulance , as I learnt last night from General Osteii-Sacken , to whom I had written for information on the 8 U "Ks " had gone fonvard with a view to place the sentries in front of our advanced works , as I stated to your Lordship on Tuesday , and he , unfortunately , mistook a Russian for a French picquet , and , having challenged it in French , he was immediately fired upon , and brought to the ground . . " Early yesterday morning a fire was observed in the town of Sebastopol , which raged with violence for a considerable time , but how it originated I have not been able to ascertain . " The enemy has make no movement on the side of tne Tchernaya . . " The railway continues to progress m the most satisfactory manner , and last night had nearly reached the top of the hill , usually called the Col de Balaklava , and advantage has been taken to bring up large quantities of ammunition and stores . " I have , & c , " Raglan . " The Lord Panniure , & c , & c . "

      ' A I ——¦ —¦ The Of The Smalt^ In The Fl...

      ' —¦ . A Hffin , 1855 . 1 THE LEADER . JW . - ^ ^—^—^^¦^^¦^" ^ ^^^^^^^^^ M " . XjL a ivjua-i * -- * -j — — — j

      War Miscellanea. Russian Military Moveme...

      WAR MISCELLANEA . Russian Military Movements .-A letter from Cracow of the 8 th says : — " General Paniutine has been summoned to Warsaw from his head-quarters at Lublin , in order to come to an understanding with Prince I askiewitch , probably as to the movement of the troops , which for some months past have not left their winter quarters . General Rejtern , who commands the first division in the government of Kielce , ha | arrived at Warsaw The Emperor has renewed all the orders which had been given in the month of February , last year , relative to the Baltic and to that coast . The landmarks - ^ on the coasts of the Gulfs of . Bothnia , Finland , and Revel , are to be immediately removed , and the lighthouses have been all extinguished . Another regiment of Greeks , armed and commanded by the Greek Lieut .-Colonel Papa Aphanisopulo , is expected at Odessa on its way to the Crimea , to reinforce the body of Greek volunteers , formerly imder the command of Chnsoven and Stamati , but now under the former only , as Stamati has died at Simpheropol of the wounds which he received before Eupatoria . Dr . Robert I ) . Lyons , of Dublin , son of Sir William Lyons , of Cork , has been appointed to investigate the pathology of the diseases which prevail in the army of the Crimea , and has set out for Scutari to enter upon his duties . The appointment , an unsolicited one , was made by Sir James Clarke . The HbiprTXtrTT ~' ScuTARi .- ^ The " "rimeS ~ " -- c ' orre- " - spondent says that a marked change for the better has taken place in the condition of the military hospitals . There is a decrease in the number of sick , a diminution in the rate of deaths , and a larger band of convalescents draughted off to their regiments . " There are now in the Bosphorus establishments altogether about 3300 men upon the sick list ; and the average mortality has dropped to less than a half per cent , per diem . ; and there have been lately carried out , or are noAV in actual progress , a variety of measures tending to convert this more favourable state of the register from an exception into a rule . " The same writer calls attention to the wretched state of the Merchant-seamen Hospital . The Smyrna Hospital . —The condition of the patients here continues satisfactory , though several of the nurses are suffering from fever . There are several pleasant walks by the sea-side or in the cemeteries ( says a writer on the spot ); but it is unsafe to wander far from the town . The robbers , who gavo such trouble a short time ago , are again on tho hills to the south , quite close to the walls , waiting for a lucrative capture . They seize tho wandering peUeatrian or horseman , and have been known to exact as ransom as much as 2500 A , under threat of immediate execution . The usual demand is about 700 / . The police are as bad as tho robbers ; and the boatmen are no very reputable sot . They recently robbed and violated a Trench lady . The Military Hospitals . —Several official letters from tho Duke of Newcastle , Lord Clarendon , Lord Stratford do Redclifle , and Dr . Mcn / aes , having reference to tho condition of tho military hospitals at Constantinople during the months of Octobor and November last , have been published . From these wo loam that in tho early part of Octobor those hospitals were very ill supplied with bedsteads , mnttrcssoH , and many other rcqui-Bitca ; that tho Duke of Newcastle in consequence wroto to Lord " Clarendon , requesting thnt ho would instruct Lordde Redcliffo to endeavour to procuro the articles required ; that instructions to that effect wore sent out ; that Dr . Monzios wroto to Lord Stratford do Rcdcliffo on Oct . 20 th , saying thnt there was no want of medicines ,

      but that such things as bedding , tables , chairs , stoves , & c , were needed ; that the Turkish authorities were communicated with on this point ; and that our ambassador at Constantinop le wrote to Lord Clarendon on the 15 th of November , expressing his belief that a great improvement was then in operation , and thaf ^ , " although there might be a temporary renewal of difficulties in case of another battle attended with severe consequences , the sick and wounded might reckon upon the enjoyment of every aid and relief . " —On this subject , Mr . Sidney Godolphin Osborne has written to the Times , stating , in contradiction to Dr . Menzies , that at the end of October there was great want of more serious things than tables , chairs , & c ., for that even the commonest necessaries were absent . TT Thk Ska of Azof . — In answer to the " Hertfordshire Incumbent , " whose letter we noticed last week , a correspondent of the Times , "G . N . D ., " who has travelled in and around the Sea of Azof , asserts that , as long as the isthmus of Perekop remains open , the Russians will not care for so round-about a way of getting re-inforcements as the one indicated . When we have closed the isthmus , he says , it will be time to think of the other route . . The French Army . —According to the Moniteur , recruits are pouring in at a great rate , and the young men are animated with the most enthusiastic spirit , and present a very fine physical appearance . From another source we leara that a youth belonging to a family of note has resigned an excellent place in one of the ministerial offices in order to enter the ranks , but on condition that he should be sent to the Crimea . The English Prisoners in Russia . —Some letters from English residents in Russia have been published , stating that the English prisoners are suffering great hardships , and that those few of our countrymen who are now living in Russia are unable to get up sufficient subscriptions to relieve them . Captain Christie , of the transport service , has been superseded by Captain Heath . Major-General Scarlett , commanding the Cavalry Division , has left for England on account of the serious illness of his wife . His place will be taken by Lord G . Paget . . . The Inquiry by General Simpson into the state of the army during the winter is still proceeding on board the-Gottenburgh at Balaklava , and several most important witnesses have been examined . This inquiry , made on the spot , will in one day collect more real facts against our military administration than the House of Commons Committee in the course of a month . —Morning Herald . _ " .. Provision Depots are in course of being established along the coast of Asia Minor , for the regular supply of fresh meat and vegetables ; and General Filder is also about to establish most extensive depots in Wallachia , on the banks of the Danube . —Idem . _ The Old and Worthless Fuzes . —We have , I am told , fuzes made in 1798 and 1804 ; but , old as these are , they are better than the fuzes of 1853 and 1854 . — Times Correspondent . Eupatoria . —Accounts from Eupatoria mention that great cruelties are committed by the bashi-bazouks on the " wounded -Russians . The fortifications progress . Skirmishes occasionally happen , and the Russians have burnt some villages . In consequence of the arrival of a French steamer from Kamiesch , bringing despatches for Omar Pacha , several of the Turkish regiments received orders to hold themselves in readiness to depart . It is thought they are destined to assist in the bombardment of Sebastopol . > . A Boy in one op our London llACOin ) Schools , having shown a great taste for acquiring languages , has been sent out as an interpreter to Balaklava , and now often dines with Lord Raglan . The Sortie of thk 22 nd . —Prince Gortschakofl , in his account of this affair , says the Russians had 379 men killed , and 982 wounded ; and eight officers killed , and twenty-one wounded . A Female Russian Spy . — A young woman , who for some days Avas scon loitering about the French trenches , has fallen into the hands of our allies . She was provided with a paper , in which she had made notes with respect to the state of tho French battorics , tho number of the men employed , & c . ; and a communication addressed to Prince MeiiHchikoff was found on her . At least , such is the story as related in a letter from Kamiesch ; but there is a certain air of romantic improbability about it . Stratuoetical Movements of the Fhisnch . — Tho Vienna correspondent of the Times says : — " The last move made by Louis Napoleon is a most masterly one . Ho concentrates an army of 40 , 000 men at Mnslalc near Constantinople , and by so doing gives check to tho Austrians in the Principalities , and disturbs tho Russian army north of Scbantopol in its operations . Tho latter cannot he certain thnt the French will not suddenly be landed in their rear i nnd tho former must always fcnT that a French corps will sooner or later appeur in Wal lachia and Moldavia . " The Sardinian Contingent . —Tho review of these troops , nnd the benediction of their colours , took plncp on tho Plain of Marengo , about n , mile to the eastward of Alexandria , on the 14 th of April . Tho King was present ; but hid speech was rend by the Miniutdr-of War .

      i ——¦ The Ravages of the Smalt ^ pox in the fleet have not decreased . The St . Jean d'Acre has been obliged to go into quarantine , and has landed her crew near Kamiesch , with many cases of the malady among them . Several men-of-war have put to sea to cruise for a time . __ , _ d _ -. ~— v « svv itt 4 lna flaof iiOVO

      , - - The " Moniteur" On « The War. H Th...

      , - - THE " MONITEUR" ON « WAR . H The Moniteur of Monday contains the promised second article on the subject of the war and the negotiations . The discussion this time is confined to the political aspects of the question , and traces the history of the struggle , from Russia ' s original demand with respect to the Holy Places , up to the present Conferences at Vienna . Russia , it is asserted , onlymade the religious part of the dispute a mask to cover her real design , which was purely political , and aimed at the domination of the Bosphorus . France and England , in burning the Turkish fleet at Navarino in 1828 . committed a grave error , since they " destroyed the force which protected the West . At all times , Europe seems to have shut its eyes to " the invasion of the North , " though , " as far back as 1805 , a fleet left Sebastopol with 12 , 000 men on board , landed them in Italy , and brought the Russians and French in contact in the Mediterranean . When in 1812 , France and Austria united , the Emperor Alexander gave the following instructions to Admiral Tichakoff , as the admiral himself reveals in his Memoirs : — - " -The astute conduct of Austria , which has just allied itself with France , ' obliges Russia to employ every means in its power to disconcert the hostile intentions of those two Powers . The most important is to turn to our account the military genius of the Slavonic nations , as Servia , Bosnia , Dalmatia , Montenegro , Croatia , and Illyria , who , once armed and under military organisation , would co-operate powerfully with our operations . The Hung arians , dissatisfied with the proceedings of their actual Government , offer to us also an excellent means for alarming Austria , for making a diversion to her hostile ideas , and , consequently , for weakening her resources . All these tribes united to our regular troops would-form . , a very imposing mflitia , TJotonly to provide against the hostile intentions of Austria , but to effect a marked diversion upon the right wing of the French possessions , and to give us a sure means of striking a blow in the direction of Nissa or Sophia . " The people of the Tyrol and Switzerland were also to be incited to rebellion , and the Slavonic races were to be flattered by the promise Of a Slavonic kingdom . From these facts , the Momteur derives its arguments in favour of the justice and necessity of the war . With respect to the negotiations , the writer defends the resort to them after this fashion : — " There was but one of two things possible : the negotiations would succeed or would fail . If successful , Europe , by the four guarantees , obtained conditions which , four months previously , Count Nesselrode declared he could only accept after ten years of disastrous warfare if a failure , Austria , whose alliance became an - 6 fre " nsive-6 nere ntdred-into--armed-actionr and-the--w 5 iigliit of her sword would soon obtain by war what her influence could not effect in the Conferences . Thus , in either case , it was well to negotiate at Vienna , while continuing all the same to fight in the Crimea . " Reviewing the motives nnd objects of the Four Points the Moniteur remarks , with regard to the demand for the dismantling of Sebastopol : — " An argument is brought against this pretension which we do not think serious . It is said to the Allied Powers ' You ask a concession from Russia , which at most m ' ight bo the price of tho surrender of Sebastopol , and that place is still held by tho Russian army . Our reply is this : — ' It is true that wo have not yet taken Sebastopol : but what is Sebastopol at the present moment to Russia ? It is no longer a naval port , as her fleet , sunk at the mouth of the harbour , or shut up behind that insurpassublo barrier , is withdrawn from the struggle . Tho Black Sea is tho battle- « eld which we have won-or , if they like it , which has been abandoned to us by tho enemy . The Russian flag could not » how itself there . ' Our ships , with those , of K" ?™* *»* ; Turkey , navigate it in every sense . Its domination l > a « changed hands . Tt has gone from Sebastopol to Coni wT ^ Russia - do ? ' Couid «* . " ^^ tttt - of time , without detriment to » " * monil trcngt and ililHisll ? i strikcH inc . a ¦ " » , t f cxl , orting and exchanging : ESS j » ' to ilk l « 3 a < o limit her naval forces , or neutralize tho I o nsit lui . m exclude therefrom all ! W- oT ^ r nf » « y nntlnJ whatsoever-is , therefore Jo exactUn herlnuoh Ich tlinu vrhnt wo Have ncqnired , y w r , nnd which wo could nmlntnin without an effort In fact what docs it require to prevent Russia from " Jver ending the lUnek Sea again ? Four men-of-war <

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), April 21, 1855, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_21041855/page/5/