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Leader (1850-1860), 20th March 1852, Edition Country of 2, Page 7

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      Australia And Transportation. Sib John P...

      his prede cessor , and that lie would give the subject his serious consideration . Sir W . Molesworth thanked Sir John PaMngton for the courtesy of his reception , and for having at least arrested the sailing of two convict ships destined for Van Piemen ' s Land . Sir J . pakington might not he responsible for the breach of faith committed towards the colonists , but a breach of faith committed by a Secretary of State was the breach of ' faith of the Government . The colonists knew no individuals . They knew that the British Government had pledged itself to a particular act , and the British Government , by whomsoever administered , was responsible foxvits performance . The deputation then retired .

      Jviarch>C>;Igg^./- .^ :;. . V ' ,.;. . T...

      jviarch > c >; igg ^ . / - . ^ : ; . . v ' ,. ; . . t H' ^;; ' i < EAD-y ^ ' : / ^

      Lord Campbell And The Roman Catholic Hig...

      lord campbell and the roman catholic High sheriff . TBtE Chief Justice of England has replied to Mr . Scott Murray ' s letter , explaining several passages of his charge to the Grand Jury at Aylesbury , which he thinks Mr . Scott Murray has misinterpreted , and maintaining the impropriety and indiscretion of the High Sheriffs conduct in bringing his Roman-catholic chaplain to accompany the judges from the railway station to their lodgings . He says that Mr . Scott Murray ' s protest against " the supposed dictum" that " the chaplain appointed by the sheriff becomes the chaplain of the judges / ' was quite unnecessary . AH that Lord Campr bell meant was , " that pro hoc vice he officiates as chaplain to the judges ; arid there can be no doubt that he does so , as he invariably preaches before them , and says grace when they entertain the magistrates at dinner , although the sheriff is not present as a guest . " He then proceeds to give an explanation of another part of his charge : — " I should have hoped that my meaning was as little liable to be misunderstood , when I said , that' the Protestant religion is the religion of the judges of this country , ' viz . —that all the judges of England who go as judges of assize are Protestants , —a fact uncontested and notorious —and I cannot imagine that any sheriff , with the knowledge of this fact , would do anything Ifco offend their Protestant feelings , from 1 ; he consideration that , in point of law , persons of a different religious persuasion-fiaayjae appointedjudges . " ¦ •¦' .,. "¦; ¦

      -He says that the custom of a Protestant clergyman , appointed by the sheriff , accompanying the judges , and sitting by them while they are trying criminals , was adopted out of " compliment to the judges , " and not as a privilege of the sheriff . " " The sheriffs chaplain , qua the sheriff ' s chaplain , can have no more right to sit in the carriage with the judges , or to have any intercourse with the judges , than any other member of the sheriff's establishment . The sheriff may abstain from appointing any one to officiate as chaplain for the judges , but he cannot bo entitled to intrude upon them his own chaplain , of a different religion from theirs . "

      Lord Campbell does not doubt that Mr . Scott Murray has stated the precedents on which he relies exactly as they were stated to him , but two of them he has ascertained to have been founded on an incorrect report of what occurred . " From a letter of the Rev . Mr . Coldwell , the very worthy rector of Stafford , I find that you have boon misinformed as to what has occurred in this county ; for Mr . Fitzhorborf

      c , tho first Itoman-catholic sheriff of Staffordshire , appointed a Protestant clorgyman to officiate as chaplain at the assizes , ' tho sheriff not being accompanied by any . Roman-catholic priest whatever ; ' , although Mr . Whitgravo , the second , had a Roman-catholio prieBt as his personal chaplain' ( which he had an unquestionable right to do ) , ho employed a Protestant clorgyman ' to preach the assizo sermon , to attend with him to moot tho judges , and do all that pertained to the oflico of chaplain during tho year . "'

      And even if they wore all as stated , he should refuse to bo bound by them , " believing that they passed per incuriam , or upon an erroneous view of what is bocoining . " Mr . Justice Crompton fully concurred with the coin-so adopted by tho Chief Justice at Aylesbury . Lord Campbell concludes by declaring that ho wishes the Komun-catholic Relief Bill of 1829 to bo carried into effect "in tho spirit in which it wua frnmed , " but ho thinks that claims , such as thoao advanced by Mr . bcott Murray , are calculated " to stir up strife , and to provont or retard measures which might bo of groat benefit to tho Roman-catholics ofitho United Kingdom . " b

      Letters From Paris. [Fltom Ouh Own Ooitu...

      LETTERS FROM PARIS . [ FltOM OUH OWN OoitUEBPONDENT . l Lktter XII . , _ , . Pftrifl , ! Tuesday ] Jvohing , March 10 . * HE chief event of the weok *« the convention of tho iivo per cent , stocks into four-and-a-half per conta , by a Hn"I | lo decree of Bonaparte ' s inserted in tho Mowleur oi Sunday lust . The unfortunate fund-holders woro tUundor-s truok . I am nofc ucquainted with tho characteristics of tho English rentier , but in Franco tho whole race is of tho most sheopish and credulous species

      known . I told you in my sixth letter , that this conversion was contemplated ; , as well as the decree on the Credit Fonder , The report in feet was current in well-informed quarters ; and had even become so widelyspread , that the Government felt called upon to give it a formal contradiction , both in the Cqnstitutionnel and the Monitetir . Whereupon these worthy rentiers were wrapped in blissful sleep . How could they doubt the honesty and integrity of such a government ? Today , awaking to find the tenth of their fortunes annihilated by the stroke of a pen ! they can find no curses bitter enough for L . Bonaparte . They would cause an eineute , if an entente could be got up by such people .

      As to the measure itself , though it affects the interests of a few individuals , it is advantageous for the general welfare . The 5 per cent , stock amounted to 186 , 000 , 000 francs , the reduction of the interest , or conversion from 5 , to 4 | per cent , is equivalent , therefore , to relieving the country of a burden of eighteen million and a half of francs . Then , again , the interest allowed by the Bank of France being only 3 per cent , to have maintained the government stock at 5 per cent ,

      would infallibly have led to the absorption of the commercial capital of the country into the rentes . Does not this explain the material impossibility which has existed in France for the last -thirty years—to find capital for industrial undertakings ? The conversion will certainly not remedy this evil entirely , for there will still be the difference of 1 | per cent , between money invested at the bank or ^ the funds , in favour of the latter . Nevertheless , the new measure is a step

      in the right direction . Louis Bonaparte had also motives of a personal nature for effecting , in this summary manner the conversion of the stock . He wished to demonstrate the superiority of the autocratic system , where unity of action accompanies unity of will , over ' the parliamentary system , in which the clashing of wayward caprices paralyses the power of each . The conversion of the stock has three times been voted by the Chamber of Deputies ; once during the Villele ministry , under the Restoration , and twice during , the reign of .-Louis-Philippe . Three times it-has feeen rejected by the Chamber of Peers .- That which has been the wish of the country for twenty-seven years , and which France

      could not obtain , Louis Bonaparte has realized m a few minutes . If this man were aught but an ambitious mediocrity , if he were , in a word , a man of genius , he would not fail , with such acts as this , to become the idol of a nation so acute and sensitive as the French . The conversion of this stock has further been a job on the part of L . Bonaparte . One of his familiars was at the Bourse on Saturday the 13 th , and sold 3 , 000 , 000 of rentes , to be delivered on Monday the 15 th ; funds being at 103 fr . 60 c . On Sunday the 14 th , the decree appeared . On Monday the funds had fallen to 100 francs . Here then was a plum worth 2 , 160 , 000 francs to L . Bonaparte realized by this Napoleonic decree . All things then being considered , the conversion is a clever financial operation .

      Another decree which figured in tho Moniteur of Sunday , settles autocratically tho budget for 1852 . It has been the custom in England , from time immemorial , and it has been a principle in France since 1 * 789 , that supplies could not bo voted without tho consent of the nation or its representatives . Nous avons change tout cela since the 2 nd of December . L . Bonaparte has himself voted tho taxes for 1852 , nnd has given himself a budget of 1500 millions of francs . I told you , a fortnight or three weeks ago , that this would happen , and tho reason is easily understood . Enormous defalcations havo been committed in the

      finances since tho 2 nd of December . Tho Generals havo boon gorged with presents : Courtesans have wallowed in ill-gotten plunder ; and tho murderers of defenceless women and children must needs receive thoir hire . All this has been done and must continue , lost a higher bidder should enter tho field . Tho subsidies for every branch of tho public sorvico havo been freely manipulated . Tho disorder is so complete , that nny account ih utterly impracticable . To investigate tlio budget , under such circumstances as those , would ho to ruin the government of L . Bonaparte . Thoroforo has ho settled it by a decree-.

      A third decree appears in tho Monitetir , regulating education . This is not the finnl decree whichw to supproas tho University . Tho present . decree cancols the privilego of irremovability hitherto enjoyed by the body of professors ; It gives to tho President of tho Rdpub- lie tho absoluto power of nomination and revocation of tho professors of tho first cIilhh , and to tho Minister of Public Instruction tho same power over tho sccond-rato teachers . In the Hovoral Urrivernitiefl in Franco , which

      correspond with those of England , tho professorn woro olectod by thoir colleagues . It is thoroforo obvioua that tho now decree robs thorn of their indopondenco . A fourth decree aJboliwhos tho formula which at

      present heads all legal documents : "In the name ofI the French people , " and substitutes for it the following : " Louis Napoleon Bonaparte , President of the Republic , to all whom it may concern , greeting . " A fifth decree is directed personally against General Cavaignac , who . had intended solemnly to refuse taking the bath to Louis Bonaparte required by the Constitution of the llth January . This refusal would' have

      marked the opening of the Legislative Body . To parry the blow which the new member for Paris meditated against L . Bonaparte , the latter decrees that the refusal of any magistrate or public functionary to take the oath shall be considered as a resignation . ^ That deputies , being public functionaries , are consequently bound to take the oath ; and finally , that any addition , modification , restriction , or reservation , made as regards the oath , should be considered as a resignation .

      It is also asserted , that to avoid the exposure of a refusal on the part of the deputies to taking the oath , they will be summoned to the Tuileries , in order that they may fulfil that condition before the President in person , and that those who should refuse to obey the summons would be considered as having resigned their seats in the Assembly . Do not these precautions indicate the great fear which the Prince President feels for the General Cavaignac ¦?

      Last Sunday the election of the 4 th arrondissement took place in Paris . M . Carnot , the Republican candidate , being opposed to M . Moreau , the Government nominee . On this occasion there was much excitement . The Faubourgs for the first time threw off their lethargy , and to show their Republicanism voted for M . Carnot . On the other hand , the Bourgeoisie , to prove their opposition , also voted for M . Carnot . M . Carnot was thus elected by a considerable majority : the votes being 16 , 753 to 13 , 343 . The shock was rudely felt by the Government . Several influential Ouvriers who had

      escaped the massacres of the 2 nd December were seized during the night , thrown into a cellular wagon , and conveyed to Havre , thence to be transported to Cayenne . Amongst others , the Citizen Philippe , blacksmith , and delegate to the democratic committee , for the Faubourg St . Antoine . A great number of other citizens have been-torn from their families and carried away since the day before yesterday . 467 citizens have been removed- from the Fort d'lvry and forwarded to Havre and Brest , probably to be transported to Cayenne and Algeria . Citizen Miot , > a Representative of the people , and Citizen Pornin , Causidiere ' s Ancient of the Montaguards , are amongst

      those destined for Cayenne . The roads in the South are completely furrowed by the poor transports which the Government is sending to Algiers . Five columns , numbering altogether 400 men , have been taken from the single department of the Basses Alpes . There are small villages , numbering but 300 souls , from which as many as 27 have been transported . I am further informed that many arrests have recently taken place in the same department , including the Baron Duchnffant , a Republican , and M . , a medical doctor . Besides which , the vice-president of the Tribunal of Digne , and tho president of tho Tribunal of Barcelonette , havo been expelled the French territory .

      Tho republican party has just suffered a painful loss in the person of M . Marrost , late President of tho Constituent Assembly , who died of apoplexy . The funeral , at which all the republicans of Paris attended , was a complete political manifestation . Tho police did not allow any oration . M . do Liunartino , who was present , has published an culogium of tho deceased . Armand Marrast did not leave as much as would cover tho expense of his funornl . Is ho nofc avenged of tho calumnies which the enemies of tho republic propagated in 1848 , against his administration at tho Hotel do Ville . Tho wanton extravagance of Louis Bonaparte ; his dictatorial measures ; his violent decrees against property , aro now avenging tho republic , whoso solo crime was its respect for tho laws .

      Reports are current that tho Empire will bo officially proclaimed next Sunday , the 21 nt of March . An organized c ' meute , prepared by the police , in al « o spoken of . Tho wholesale butcheries of the Boulevards will bo renewed . Tho Orlcanistn will bo pounced upon and carried ofl ^ at » were tho republican )* , and Louis Bonaparte will bo proclaimed Emperor of tho French ! It appears to mo that thin bloody , stago-lilcc effect is needless . To attain thJH result , a simple decree would havo su / Hccd . Tho bloodhounds of tho Klyslo aro not of this opinion . They say that wo aro a living Hc , bo long as wo preserve the name of republic , ami that to ofliieo that munu would bo to bo convicted of the lio , Jlagrania daliclp ; and that consequently tho enemies of Loiuh Bonaparto will rino en masse aguinnt tho new Emperor , and that nothing but grape-shot will subdue them .

      In tho meantime , L . Bonaparto lias appointed a grand review to take placo on tho 21 st , undor tho pretext of distributing JEagles to tho delegates of tho

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), March 20, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_20031852/page/7/