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    B J lete collection of An Austrian conta...

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    CONTINENTAL NOTES. FBANCE. Mcxnsignor Pa...

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    Mazz1nx And Manot. We Proceed To G Ive S...

    would judge us very severely , and we should lose the cround we have conquered ; by the deeds of 1848 and 1849 . The heart of Europe beat high with faith and hope for Poland for many years after the insurrection of 1830 . The inertia systematically adopted through mifftaken calculations of opportunity by the Poles , in 1848 and the following years , has silenced that throb of affection , and au opinion ( which I know to be without foundation ) is universally diffused , that Poland is dead , or Russian and impotent ; and that opinion was one of the principal causes that withheld the English people from compelling their own Government to change the tendencies of the last war . The same thing would happen to us , were we to betray the universal expectation . We have so often laid bare our wounds before Europewe have so persistently repeated the story of our sufferings , and of our rage and menace—that we should have no right to blame any one but ourselves if Europe , wearied of . always finding us wanting at the opportune moment , should say of us—They are cowardly braggarts ; they deserve contempt , not sympathy or help . We must act , or perish " Whatever be the intentions , whatever the designs , of the Piedmontese monarchy , the initiative of the movement belongs of necessity to the people . Popular insurrection will be the only check to those designs , if evil ; the oidy means of giving a field for their development , if good " To inspire faith in the irresolute we must convince them of the possibility of arising , and leading after us the multitudes . Like the philosopher of old ,, we must prove the possibility of motion , by moving- .... Let those who come into the field to support the movement already initiated be received , whosoever they may be , as brothers and allies , not as masters . Deeds , not words ; sacrifices , not pompous and rhetorical phrases , or interminable discussions about programmes ; cartouches , not books . An enslaved people may be allowed to be any thing but ridiculous ; and we—the slaves of foreigners , of popes , of priests , of kings , of gendarmes , of everybody , and of everything—by talking always of arising , and yet never arising , are advancing towards the ridiculous with rapid strides . " The letter concludes with a renewed exhortation to Maain to return to the ranks of the people .

    B J Lete Collection Of An Austrian Conta...

    B J lete collection of AK «« rie ,. MMn - THE IiBAP .. tt .. _„ ^_

    Continental Notes. Fbance. Mcxnsignor Pa...

    CONTINENTAL NOTES . FBANCE . Mcxnsignor Pabisis , Bishop of Arras , has just sent a -circular to his clergy , which has caused a considerable sensation . The , document treats of " mixed schools , " or establishments of education in which not only Roman Catholics but Protestant children are received and instructed . What course of conduct , the bishop asks , ought to be observed with respect to institutions which , have introduced " such a scandal" into their mode of teaching ? The Right Rev . Bishop proposes simply to excommunicate the directors of these mixed sohools , and to place an interdict on the establishments . When a director , yielding to the will of the parents , permits some of the children to learn an heretical catechism , and to frequent an heretical place of -worship , Mgr . Parisis inquires—first , if persona in the habit of co-operating in acts of so reprehensible a character can be admitted to the sacraments of God ' s Holy Church ; and , secondly , if the duty of the pastors of souls is not to remove , by every legitimate means , Roman Catholic children from these dreadful establishments . In the eyes of the right reverend Bishop , the firat of these questions cannot admit of any doubt . A teacher , male or female , cannot iintl indulgence " unless the Protestant pupils arc subjected to the same religious exercises as the Roman Catholic ; " and ; he adds that " there would bo great advantage for them in such a discipline , without any incoiiveuienco to their fellow pupils , and it is to that point ( that all efforts should . be directed . " The second point alluded to above he alao answers in the affirmative . — Tiiuia Paris CorrespondenC . The French soldiers iu Algeria had an encounter on tho 18 th of July- with some uuaubmitted fractions of the grout tribe' of the Nemonchas , who had been destroying thii corn of tho aottlera . The resistance was enorgetic , bub tho Arabs wero at length beaten , with the loss of 4 t > men killed , 180 tents , with all they contained , 2500 sheep ,. 500 goats , i 20 horses , <>;> camels , and 40 inusketgj The French loss consisted of two killed , and 16 wound-ad , two of them sovorely . The Civil Tribunal of the Soine has been engaged ia a singular , trial with reference to the publication of tho pautuuraous worla * and correspondence of the late celebrated Abie Lumennais . By his luut will and testament , dated thn » 28 th December , 185 & ( says the Daily News ) , M . Laotcnnais left ull hia papers ami letters , octcopt some relative to buainaasi transactions ,, the manuscript of on unpublwluji , wook , e « Uecl " JJia « ua $ ioH * v Oritiqtute , et Penm ' Uiversenaw /<* Reli & iontt In Philosophic , " and the articles h « had published in newspapers and periodical * , to Mi E . Forgiwa , wiih foil power to- publish thorn , and to make , such alterations ia > tJiam as he might think lit—subject ^ , ho wevery to tho condition o £ his-giving half of the profit * to the testfttoir ' a nieoo , Mad * nto da Kertaagui , to wuaua , ko-wever , be wft * not to bo bound to renderanr

    accounts . In order to make as comp a M . de Lamennais' correspondence as possible , M . Forgues determined on collecting all the letters written by * him to different persons ; but'Madame de Kertatfgui maintained that he had no right so to do , but must confine the cojv respondence to certain bundles of letters which M ; dfr Lamennais himself had classified , and had specially men ^ tioned in his will . As ; however , M . Forgaes persisted in his determination , she , on Saturday , applied to the Cwil Tribunal to interdict him from executing it . M . Forgnes maintained that not only from the terms of his will , but from verbal instructions given him , M . de Lamennais meant him to have all his papers of whatever kind , with the exception of those expressly excepted in the will , and to make sach use of them as he thought fit . He moreover represented that " M . de Lamennais was particularly anxious that Madame de Kertangui and his other relations should have nothing whatever to do with the publication of his works and papers , inasmuch as he feared that from their fervent Catholicism , and from their being completely in the hands of the Jesuit * , they would be tempted to suppress and modify parts of his writings and letters , so as to cause the opinions be entertained on religion and' politics in the latter years of his life to be misrepresented . The tribunal declared that M . Forgues' view of the trust confided in him by the deceased was correct , holding that the specific reference ^ the bundles of papers made in thie will was indicative and not restrictive , and it accordingly dismissed Madame de Kertangui ' s demand , with costs . In the course of . the trial , it appeared that M . de Lamennais , when on his death-bed , refused to have any priest brought to him . Signor Piancianr writes to the Daily News , to complain that his wife , a French lady , has been refused a passport to France because , having married a foreigner , she has herself become an alien . Alluding ta his advocacy of the cause of the people , and attributing to that the refusal in question , Signor Pianciani remarks : — " It is a petty vengeance , but none the less a great piece of dastardly folly . " AUSTRIA . Some details of the cruel despotism exercised by Austria on the Hungarians are given by a casual correspondent of the Times , writing from Hungary . He asserts that the people are both pillaged and insulted . In proof of the first assertion , he sayst— " The peasants , and , indeed , all , are compelled to pay a capitation tax for every child , as well as for themselves , of a florin a head . They pay also a direct tax of a florin for every beast used in husbandry , and for every sheep , and for every pig , while the horses of luxury which the rich gentry and nobles keep are not taxed at all . One farmer to whom I spoke had six children , four oxen , thirty pigs , and one hundred sheep ; he paid , therefore , including himself and wife , a direct tax of 140 florins . I come now to the insults . The ancient colours of Hungary are three stripes of green , red , and white . The first has been erased from their banners . At this all are furious , and even those in the employment of the Crown barely conceal their indignation , for there is probably no people so madly attached to their country as tho Hungarians . To avenge and resist this insult as much as they dare > they have recourse to all kinds of ludicrous devices . Among others , in one town I was told of three young ladies who walked , together ann-in-arm , one in a green dress , one in a pink , and another in a white , amid the applause of the people and the consternation of the Austrian officers . A lady had just received from Paris a new bonnet with a wreath of very small red and white roses , which had , of course , some green leaves ; in this she was at the Opera , when an Austrian oflicer stared at her and at it in so offensive a manner that her husband took such notice of his conduct as compelled him to desist . " The Concordat ia very unpopular in Hungary , especially among the Roman Catholic laity , " speak of the Emperor as a weak , bigoted boy , " frightened by his mother ' s confessor into subjecting himself to tho Pope . Both the Papal and the Protestant clergy , adds the writer , are notorious for tho most barefaced profligacy . SWEDEN" . The special commission appointed by tho Council of State to examine into tho custom-house relations of Sweden and Norway , with a view to amalgamate the two countries under one joint tariff , has published its report , and expresses itself very strongly against the proposed measure . —Daily News Stookholin . Correspondent . KU . ssrA . Apparently cowed by tho re-entrance of tho English fleet into tho Blauk Sea , Rus » ia has removed one of tho dimculties which for a moment threatened tho resumption of the war by evacuating tho lale of Serpents , which is now occupied by tho Turks . The liussian Coinmandor of the city of Kara bus announced to tho Governor of Erzeroum that lie ia ready to hand over tho place' to tho Ottoman , authorities . Anapa is occupied by the Russians . The inhabitants liavo lied to the mountains . Tho last advices from . St . Petersburg confirm tho news of the coronation having b « on postponed from August 01 to Soptembor 7 , aud oxpluin it to have boon so ordered out . of sanitary considerations . General Kisseleff has been nominated to the post of Ambassador at Paris .

    An Austrian paper contaiua the following remarks on the result of the labouraof the committee of inquiry now sitting under the presidency of Prince Waasiltschikoff , and at present engaged in examining * the accounts of the commissariat during the late war in the Crimea : — " II any one thing were better calculated than > another to exhibit the colossal exertions of the Government during the late campaign in their true light , it wonld be ' the results of this committee . On the other hand .-the dark ^

    side of the picture is shown so startlingly that it is difficult to attach credit to the most evident proofd . * The amount of the moneys- embezzled , and of the deficiency in general , is estimated at the round sum of 90 , 000 , 060 roubles . The question here suggests itself irresistibly ,- * --How great , then , was the amount that was actually spent ? This is , however , a question that we ar & not in a position to answer , although public opinion estimates the expenses of defending Sebastopol , and of the whole Crimean campaign , at 1 , 000 , 000 , 000 silver roubles . ' ^

    . Legal acts of opposition in the Legations ( saj's a letter from Italy ) multiply , and the resistance acquires every day more ground . The Municipal Council of Kavenria has , besides petitioning the Pope against the occupation of the country by foreign troops , made a formal demand that the municipal law of 1850 should not remain a dead letter . A reasonable memorial , in which it is asked that the right of election should be conceded as the onlymeans of making known the true wants and the just demands of the people , was presented to the Council , signed

    by eight of the most distinguished members ; and an absolute majority of the Council then recorded their adherence to the principle by adding their signatures to the document . The memorial was subsequently transmitted to the Municipal Magistracy , in order that the Government authorities might participate in it . It must be added that the same Municipality of Ravenna had positively refused to execute the work laid down for it by the Pontifical Commissioner , Monsignor Amici , in Ms recent economic provisions , against which an energetic protest was signed by the proprietors and merchants of Ravenna .

    The question of the sequestration by Austria of toe property of Sardinian subjects has called forth an article , probably of Ministerial origin , in the Correspondence Italienne , of Turin . The sequestration took place ia the early part of 1853 , on the ground of the alleged * collusion of the owners of the property in the insurrectionary movement at Milan on the 6 th of February of that year . The persons in question denied their participation in' the rising , and it is notorious that they were opposed to it ; but , in the course of the present year , the JRistrian Government promised restitution provided the alleged offenders would make their submission to the Emperor before the termination of the twelvemonth . This , however r would involve a renunciation of their position as

    citizens of Sardinia . The journal alluded to remarks : — " Piedmont has given proof of a stock of patience truly admirable . These sequestrations have now lasted nearly four years , notwithstanding the benevolent interventions of England and France . The Piedmontese Government has shown itself . conciliating with a neighbour who insulted it , and latterly it decided that tho Archbishop of Milan should be relieved from the taxes to which he was subject for his possessions in Piedmont . Men of law agreed with political men that it wns better to show generosity towards an adversary , in spite of the violent opposition , of public opinion . The cabinets of London and Paris—Lord Palmerston and the Emperor Napoleon—know

    beforehand what will be tho conduct of Piedmont in case of th « sale of the properties of Sardinian subjects . It ia possible that tho most serious complications may result from it , but tho responsibility must rest with those who provoke them , for Piedmont has done all it can on its side to avoid them . Austria wishes to loave Piedmont in its right , preferring to remain in the wrong itself : whoso fault will it be if so overstrained a political position should give rise to an embarrassment of which no one can foresee the consequences V There are limits to tho patience of governments as to that of individuals : thoy cannot bo passed without trespassing on the dignify and honour of the country . "

    There lias been another military mutiny in Naples , the 4 th Chasseurs , at Peacara , having risen and killod their colonel and four other officers . Everything seems at present to point to a speedy outbreak at Naples , where tho people are almost driven to tho point of madness by the madman who oppresses them . " A report , " any fttho Times Paris correspondent , "haaboen . circulated , and has obtained a certain degree of credit , especially among a portion of the Italian emigrants in . France , whonco it is of course communicated to Italy , to tho effect that the French Government puts forward a

    Marat as a candidate for tho throne of Naples , and that England has been' brought to accede to- thfo" nomina tion by tho promised cosaion of Sicily . I mention this repor t in . order to discredit it . It will dt * little good to tho cause of Italian liberty to have it supposed 'that England and Franco intend to . impose a Government upon Italy . Tlioir pro per ¦ task is limited to- ¦ preventing Austria from interfering to fluppress- the > revolution w < h § ohi monaces tho present dynasty of Naples . It has been stateit , upon good grounds ^ that Count linol has made a communication to tho Neapolitan , Government u » ttM

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 16, 1856, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_16081856/page/7/