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Leader (1850-1860), 15th November 1851, Edition Country of 2, Page 7

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      Continental Notes. The Majority, "By The...

      ^ TZlZ & tst act Emperor from The very " apPend his signature to two decrees con-Gall - the oVde ? of Leopold on M . de Hubner , the Ausfe rrin fharelin Paris , and on M- Carlier , the ex-police tr " tpr It must be admitted that these personages Min vpl ' l deserved the honour thus accorded them ; per-K it may soften the ill-humour into ' which their general haP oiuSy has thrown them . It certainly will not Snish the latter . " A list of sentences published by the court-martial . Jff at Este contains ten of death by powder and f nil twelve of twenty years' imprisonment in heavy n s four of eig hteen , and three of fifteen years' hard uhour on the fortifications . A Polish journal , the Czas of Cracow , of the 5 th , contains the following :-

      « His Majesty the Emperor of Russia , taking into nsideration the services which M . Leon Fauchcr has Tendered to the cause of order , hag directed that his brother in-law , M . Wolowski , shall receive the sum and interest thereon arising from the sale of the property of the Wolowski family , situated in Poland . ' Some idea of the financial position of Austria may ne formed from the following extract from a letter of the Vienna coirespondent of the Times , dated the 9 th instant , which appears in Friday ' s second edition of our contemporary : —

      " In November , 1850 , most people here believed that a ¦ war with Prussia was inevitable , and when , on the 6 th of that month , a very warlike article appeared in the Wiener Zeitung , exchange on London rose to 12 fl . 4 kr . ; theprenium on gold was 29 | per cent ., and on silver 21 $ per cent . On the 8 th appearances were still more threatening , and London was done at 12 fl . 56 kr . ; gold stood at 32 i per cent , premium , and silver at 24 } per cent . Since that time Austria has not only contracted two loans—the Italian , and that which has just been completed—but she has received considerable sums in hard cash from Sardinia . On the 6 th of November , 18 oi , London was quoted at 12 fl . 33 kr ., gold at 31 £ per

      cent ., and silver at ' 244 per cent . Yesterday , the 8 th , the nominal price of London bills was 12 fl . 53 kr ., gold was at 324 percent ., and silver at 27 k per cent , premium '; hut neither the one nor the other was to be had at these prices . As yo"u may suppose , every one is terribly alarmed at this sad state of things , and perhaps no one more than the Finance Minister himself . About a week since the Ministerial organs attempted to calm the fears of the great public by attributing the rising tendency of the precious metals to unprincipled stockjobbing , but for the last few days they have observed a total silence on the subject . It is rumoured that an Imperial finance ordinance is about to be published , but I confess that I am not sanguine as to its producing any good results . "

      What ia the meaning of all these mystifications ? A letter from Vienna dated the 7 th of November , we find : — " A telegraphic despatch from London arrived a day or two ago , to the effect ll . at the Globe newspaper gave the lie to the statement in the Reichszeitung respecting an apologetic note of Lord Palmerston's , addressed to this Court , wherein his lordship expressed a determination to stand aloof from Kossuth and all the demonstrations made for him , and to take measures as ^ oon as possible for putting down the Kossuth agitation . The ministerial paper has an article to day persisting in its former assertion respecting that note , and is manifestly reluctant to withdraw a statement dfctated to it for reasons that are best known to persons in the background . " Austria is governed by court 3 martial : —•

      " The extent of jurisdiction of these courts martial is really frightful . The greatest political and criminal crimes , the moat veni . I offences , persons of all classes and all ages , are under these tribunals . If an individual be suspected of high treason , of compassing the death of the Emperor or the overthrow of his Government , he is tried by a court martial ; if he beats his neighbour , or anybody else , he is tried by the same court martial ; if he neglects to bow when the Emperor or any member of the royal family passes him in the streets , he is tried by a court martial ; if he insults a policeman by words merely , he is tried by court martial ; if he sings a political song , he is tried by court martial ; if he sells a Khtpku hat , or anything like it , he is tried by a court martial ; if he writes or prints anything that can be

      distorted into disaffection , he is tried by court martial ; if the merchant on 'Change endeavours to buy foreign bills to Kati . sfy his creditors abroad , ho is tried by a court martial ; if a journeyman stops work , imd incites hia fellows to do the same , he is tried (> y a court martial ; if an old woman in found Helling prints , or anything else , without a licence , hhi ; in tiied by a court martial ; if a publican harbour ruuspicious diameters , he is tried by a court martial ; in lino , courts martial are employed for almost every purpose . It in true that common cauen of theft and felony "re . tiird before the ordinary law courts ; but it requires only the HliKhtcKt resistance on the part of tin- accused to bring the case before a court : martial . Hayonets in the HtreclH , aiul bayonets in the judicial tribunals , can alone keep what the Government calls order and internal

      .-. enee . " The accounts of the , inundations arising from the lute heuvy rains arc very bad indeed , ( ireat damage ban been done in all parts of iS'yriit , in Croatia , Carinthia , the Venetian provinces , and the mountainous districts «> I the Austrian provinces . Hardly a month has passed this Huniiner wil bout severe flooda in several provinces I'he distress of ( , 1 k ; people , created by loss of crops , j lainage to buildin ^ H , loads , &< :., must , be most severe . he cumuli ^ winter will bo a bad one in every respect .

      ' The . Herman Journal of Frankfort stales that the A-UHtriiin charge d ' affaires at Wahhington has received noin bin ( Government the order to demand his passports , in . cauc the President or the Uovcrniuont of the United

      States 6 hall officially take part in the reception of Kossuth , and also that the Minister of the United States at Vienna shall receive his passports . " There is no mistake about the " solidarity" of the despotisms . An order of the Governor of Venice has suspended the Lombardo Venelo , a journal published in that city . This , resolution was taken at the instance of the Austrian Consul , on account of an allusion to the visit of the Due de Leuchtenberg to Sicily , of which the Consul disapproved . The Due de Leuchtenberg is cousin to M . Louis Napoleon . The Milan official Gazette of the 3 rd instant publishes a Royal decree of the King of Naples , dissolving the National Guards throughout the kingdom .

      A letter from Rome , of the 31 st ultimo , states that tourists are flocking to Rome for the winter season , and that Silvio Pellico has also arrived there . It is also stated in this letter that the Court of Rome is very much against Signor Farini , the new Minister of Public Instruction at Turin , and that his nomination is likely to frustrate any attempt on the part of Piedmont to obtain a concordat . Accounts from Lisbon of the 8 th instant inclusive state that the choice of the electors who -were to nominate the deputies to the Cortes had terminated in favour of the ProEtressistas , by a great majority . The brothers Cabral , Duke of Terceira , and Marquis of Fronteira , had not even been returned as electors for their respective parishes . Exchange on London , 53 A at 90 days .

      [ By Submarine Telegraph . ] Paris , Thursday , Nine p . m . —The National Assembly has rejected the law presented by the Government for the repeal of the law of the 31 st of May , by a majority of 355 against 348 . Majority against Government , 7 . —Morning Chronicle .

      Nov. 15, 1851.] ©Tie Vleaiitu 1083

      Nov . 15 , 1851 . ] © tie VLeaiitU 1083

      Church Matters. The Season Of Visitation...

      CHURCH MATTERS . The season of visitations and charges among our bishops has been fruitful this year . We have under our notice the first charge of the Bishop of Manchester . Dr . Lee followed the customary form of that address . It was read in the parish church of Bolton . The points of interest for us are the movement for synods , revision of formulas , rubrics , and articles , and education . Respecting the two former he speaks in condemnation : —

      " It may be not out of place to offer a very few brief remarks on the attempts now making in various quarters to effect the alteration of our service , and to revive old assemblies , changed entirely in nature and powers , and invested with authorities hitherto unknown in a Church constituted as ours is in relation to the state , for the purpose of securing for the Church what is called independent action . While I own I don ' t see the probability of much success to either attempt , I cannot but think the success of either would be in the highest degree calamitous ; granting that , as in all things human , there are some imperfections , and even inconsistencies , in our rubric , some things which , were we called on to reconstruct the service , we might either soften , alter , or omit ,

      I still can recognize nothing so objectionable , nothing so susceptible or certain of improvement , as to justify the opening of the many grave and momentous questions to which any revision of our liturgy , or convocation of the early Church synods , would give rise . The late convulsion of feeling which agitated the whole kingdom , on the subject of baptismal regeneration , will sufficiently show the undesirableness of attempting to enforce stricter and more dogmatic definitions than those now used , to say nothing of the danger which would attend on altering what the experience of three centuries has shown to be enough for securing amongst us the profession of the truth , even though it may be seen in various aspects by different persona , as leading out of the appeal to

      Scripture as the only test of its integrity in matters appertaining to salvation The real difficulty in which the Church is placed , appeals to me to arise mainly from a desire to adopt the counsel of those who Eeem to mistake the weapons and resources which , at a period like the present , it is desirable they shall have recourse to . I have alluded to the inconveniences which would , I fear , attend the revival of synodal action , inconveniences which appear to me ii surmountable . Even allowing the dilHcultica of detail , some of which were ably and lucidly pointed out in n popular periodical a few years back , to bo overcome , we have still the act of submission to contend with . We may not

      admit , ullcge , claim , or put in , or prornulgc any new canon : ) , acts , constitutions , orders , provincial , or by whatsoever other name they shall be called , unless the King ' s moHt royal assent and licence may hv had to make , proinulge , and execute the same . Granted that the admission of laymen be conceded , who shall estimate the state of things when I he qualification of const ituenttt by whom the lay representatives . should he appointed , shall be discussed ; or that of tin ; lay representative )* themselves as regards the , test of churchmanship . Yet even Hiipponin this to be got . over , and the royal licence obtained , in the final ratification of all we . must have recourse to Parliament . There arc utill extant on our

      statute book , the several enactments by which , after the pasHing of the Act of ( Submission in lf >' , V < i the power even to tax themselves wan deemed necessary to be confirmed by the Parliament , until the convention between Ai ( lil > inhup Sluldou and Lord Clarendon , by which they obtained the elective franchise , and ecutjed to make grants from their temporalities . What then is our surest hope and boimdcn duty ? To abstain from all which may tend to bring the Church into collision with tho auto , or net

      up an imperhim in imperio ; to strive earnestly and faithfully to bring the state into closer union with the Church , by striving to render the spirit of all its institutions in all respects more Christian , " On education we have an echo of the Manchester and Salford scheme . " Premising my opinion , that education to be useful to the individual educated or safe , to the community cannot exist without religious instruction—a conviction which on other occasions I have unhesitatingly asserted—I will ask you what rights we do and do not possess on this matter as citizens and members of the Church of England ? The right , as heirs of immortality , to impait to others the teachings committed to us by what means that

      immortality may be attained—the right as Christians , for whom Christ died , to proffer to all the Gospel of hia word ; the right as members of the Church of England to set before all , willing to be members of that Church , its doctrines , services , and articles in all their fulnessthese are rights inalienalienable , and which I would never for a moment consent to impair ; but we have no right , can have no right , by any law , human or divine , to force the adoption of these on any human being against their will , nor have we a right to deny to any members of the state , however poor and humble , any portion of what the state provides , because he will not take the whole . If he decline to take what is intended

      as unsuited to bis advantage the act is his , as also is the responsibility . Thus , while I never would consent to give up the use of the Catechism , the Prayer-book , and the distinctive teaching of the Church of England in our Church schools , I would restrict their use to particular periods of the week at which I would permit the child of the Dissenter at its own and parents' peril to absent himself . I would compel him to show respect at the religious services of the school where he is allowed to go , and where he is prayed for , if unable to join in them . And the like I would require from all Dissenting schools assisted by the rate . No liberty of conscience has thus been violated . "

      The London Church Union on Church Matters met on Tuesday , and the usual monthly report was read . It contains nothing new , being a succinct recapitulation of what has been transacted of late . The most important sentences are those approving of the opinions lately urged by the Bishops of Gloucester , Salisbury , Oxford , and Down and Connor , in favour of the revival of Convocation ; and of the Derby meeting for its decided resolutions respecting Synodical action .

      The City Masquerade. Masquerading Is Dec...

      THE CITY MASQUERADE . Masquerading is decidedly not the forte of the gentlemen dwellers in the good city of London . They cannot " get up" a show at which the mob won ' t laugh . Numberless are the spectators , but then they are attracted by " the fun of the thing . " It is but too true—City shows are lamentable failures . This year the " Lord Mayor ' s Day" Avas to be celebrated Avith more than usual magnificence ; and the programme of the procession promised the performance of some important physical impossibilities , such as "Twenty Knights in armour { three abreast ) . " We were to have a great display . There were to be stately representatives of the " Knight of the Sheriff

      of London" and the " Knight of the Sheriff of Middlesex . " Besides "YViddicomb was engaged —and all the stud of cream-coloured nags belonging to Batty the Magnificent . Alas , for the frailty of human nature ! The Knights of the Sheriffs were too beery to sit their horses in a knightly fashion ; and it was found that no amount of City science could get twenty knights to march " three abreast . " Arithmetic revolted—declared that such a division of twenty was unconstitutional , absolutist , in short ; and so the famous twenty were compelled to catry their tinfoil greaves , their saucepan helms , and Dutch-oven-like breastplates by twos—twenty not being conveniently divisible by three .

      Nevertheless , there was something like civic dignity about the Lord Mayor ' s carriage—which contained terrestriul and an . phibioua potentates — the Lord Mayor being lord of land and water . There was weight and deadly certainty , no kind of sham or mistake at all , about the Twelfth Lancers and the Hand of the Life Guards . There was a familiar reality about the policemen too ; but the Halberdiers and the Knights and the Inquires , even Widdicoinb , great as he is in heading victorious charges at Astley ' s , the . se were felt to be mere pliantasuuigoini and unreality .

      And no with all manner of banners bearing arms and devices , all manner of " Beadles of Wor « hipf : il Companies , " Watermen with " emblazoned banners , " " Pensioners bearing shields , " " Wardens in their carriugts , " and " Masters in the chariots , " tha Knights , iii armour of Francis 1 and Henry VIII ., Sheriffs , Controllers , tho Recorder , the City Solicitor , the Secondaries , " Mr . tiwitt and lii . s Chaplain , " not forgetting the L . uly Mayoress in her Mate carhis state

      riage , nor the Lord Mayor in carriage , nor the " & c & c ; . & . (• ., " who , according to the printed programme , wen ; to ion" the rear guard of tho procession — this wonderful exhibition of what the City can < lo in tho nineteenth centuiy , passed along , on Monday , from Guildhall to Lmdoii-nridge . Thence , " taking to tho water " in Htate barges and other craft , the new Lord Mayor , Mr . Ahlerin / m Hunter , proceeded to Westminster to listen to hi « biograph y from tUo lipa of Mr . llo-

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 15, 1851, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15111851/page/7/