Current:

Leader (1850-1860), 15th October 1859, Edition 2 of 2, Page 4, Vi44 ¦ tSEI /WDtld. fyo> 499- Out. 15, 1...

Page 4
Page 4
4 of 24

On this page

  • Departments (1)
    • §•- --oav rtmj* fljnjVITfK v " > " Q2 p*t*y«» ¦ '' !
  • Text (4)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Vi44 ¦ Tsei /Wdtld. Fyo> 499- Out. 15, 1...

      Vi 44 ¦ tSEI / WDtld . fyo > 499- Out . 15 , 1859 > *

      §•- --Oav Rtmj* Fljnjvitfk V " ≫ " Q2 P*T*Y«» ¦ '' !

      ¦ . gtmi ^ ^^

      .. . • —:—'—? ¦ . - ,... - —~ . ¦ • The ...

      .. . — : —'—? ¦ . - ,... - —~ . ¦ THE SOCIAL SCIENCE CONGRESS .

      Mala " But We Hare Opened A Field For Mu...

      mala " But we hare opened a field for much larger operations ; we have harmonised many apparently jarring opinions , concentrated much wide-spread , irregular , and disjointed effort , and laid down a clear Une of action , and a fixed point of . aim . to all who might not otherwise find an object and a channel for their science and their zeal . We have made / too / no inconsiderable , progress _ in showing where the aid of law should be invoked and where avoided ; and it is tio small success to have taught people to see that to cry out " a law , a law /* on all occasions of a grievance felt , or an evil detected , is to check private , individual , and combined exertion ; and extend themischief

      The third annual meeting of this Association commenced on Monday , and was inaugurated by _ a special religious service in the parish church , tne sermon being preached by the Bishop of Bipon . In the . evening the first meeting was held in bt . ThpEarl of SitAFTESBtTKT deUvered the opening address , in the course of which he observed of the Association : —JT do hot say that we can adduce any great results which would make a figure m statis-^ caltalbiesV ^ an issue such as that must be the work of tune and of much preliminary toil . We hav e laboured , and we still labour , " Natura , tamen , inflrVnafia lmmanae . tardiora sunt remedia quain

      oftentimes to perpetuate . , and tb keep men froni the wholesome conviction that in paany matters , and especially such as these , they musfc be " a law unto themselves . " Here is the spring of every generous arid fruitful thought , the duty and wisdom , of a free people , and an excellent mode of bringing ; conscience to bear in . such a way that , " may look not only on our own things , but e . ve ^ ry , nlan also on the things of others . " This Association consists of teachers—not of doers . Had it been , the reverse , you might have demanded , after tVo years , manifest and material Results . But , as it is , time must be allowed before a harvest can

      be gathered from those who are still learners , tho ugh the future agents •'; and we are justified when we ask you for ' t ^ e present to be content that we nave infused the leaven , that we have abated many fears and raised many ho ; pes , that we have shown niere centralisation , as it is called , to be both impolitic sind impossible . — Lor . IShaftesbury proceeded to say . that the subject matter of the various departments had bccii admirably selected . ; of these , the law was a topic wlvich required to be carefully investigated and delicately handled . As to education , the members of that Association believed they ; knew something , and could add to the a— a « >»^ . m'i ' * CH 4 \>» m nl 7 . ii * All s \ r \ . 1 % ^ + ¦» .. y » l A » . r »«» ttV * T »»^ # » v » A

      scliBoi ^ rtsVetfs ' could speak" of tiie daily mortification trie ^ '"experience in tlie ignorance and ; neglect of those' ; " # ' lVo / yearsi / lfeforfry were tlie pride and joy of ttfeir hearts . Taken at curly ages from school , titese * y \} i > fs nnct' girls are launched into work , removed' from ttohicstlc or any other guidance . One or two' here ami flier e Waypossess such an'inddinitahle love . of lenpwiyflgp as Jo give their yacVfxit hputs , ' \ ihriidcd ' ., to tiie / increase of their stores . Mpst - ' of ' 'tlJem yield'to the indomitable love of' pleasure ^ while a few nWy'be r & ady ^ tb ^ ei pepf ; the proffeyrecr' fietn of those who Ttrimlvt Enable . them to " redeem Hive iirriel" Aftejr ; aesOTbing tlie teniptrttiops to w'liicji the' young were stfbjejctWl Hx great cities , !' tW bajl " # « , serf b 6 d tlio i enuiTies applied : 'Tjh ' ere'hre ' ro ' aiiinjj-r ^ onis ; ' odftpe ' -cnlbs n yoiffn ^ : nicii ' s Chridtirin nsRobS ' ntions , lenfHriff libraries , aritTbohfay bnhftjj . ' I will m ' eoiipri but ' tlie one' last foiviVd'drl , tlto »« « nmVVfV ¦ '

      Htirfc isja - e < a $ / ( I inn- sneaking' 6 f the mdtrbfiyfia ) , SSiHHUgWli " their'mp ' orsArmo '^ Mlp ^ soiia & tiWM liimeitb V * ty iWtle kn ' owtt , rriuoh ' rcviMranV ' a ' lM ' s ahvii ^ s' Vho ense ' , W ( o nqiiiio 6 d itiauvaft & V Hn ^ o ' suits hii ^ mprrMt ; % iit \ MctmV Bijt tidu - ' & ifcWMlf'kot . 'Bo jfafftfcfduV ftto . ira > OHifrHraro verWe ' w a ^ cWc Atkllb ^ or spetiific ' dvils ' . ' A ' tjUeMmA / yilL ^' tHbllhlwt ' p'aW . bo ctftot ' ed' W ep 6 $ / - ftilyn ^' GH ^ TOnM jfb ' r " iiistunbor h 6 \ v ' m , Qbh orlnio'ls causa'flniy drdHtent ^ f-tid ^ W ' , 'i \> 'tile , m'dmeh * t . tfodlf of intMiMtmi ;^ . l ) y W donation ; of . HJfe n )) a' 1 rt » Mt of ^^ day * 6 r 6 Uiillftfi oh Hlf frteb ^ iotAf . '' Btit' , t % go , further ,, . and ijimlfrV '' Koto- 'tfiud r ' . . of ' ' th'it W ( t <' 6 ^ 'lnbbriet f iV ; tf | te to ' AW ''* o 6 in \ and rthiY ^ Hfiuy ^' itnV ^ 'H ^ lil ^ tt riitfekbk of 'thW bntSltftlVo

      built , wellrordered , and . expensive prisonThouse 2 Thus almost all tbe subjects of our meeting run one into the other . . The noble lord , then made some forcible remarks upon the necessity of reformatories both for children and , » dulta ; with regard , to the latter he declared tliat forty-five per cent . of . inmates became perfectly reclaimed . Proceeding , to the next topic of conversation he said : —The . con r sideration of tlie p « blic : health involves far more than the mere physical status of the population . It has its physical aspect certainly , but it has also its moral , political and financial aspects . Public health , with all its accompaniments , is the end ; and social economy , the means by which we endeavour

      to arrive at it . To those who have never lnyesu-r gated these things , our activity and earnestness appear speculative and fanatical . But we assert that it is the study of the prime laws and requirements of our nature . We observe an enormous amount of physical degradation and suffering , and we are filled with apprehension and pity . We examine still further , and we perceive its direful effects on the moral , social , and political condition of millions of the human race . Our feelings rise absolutely to terror , and then begin to awaken the conscience . Science , zeal , piety , and prayer comes to bur aid ; we learn and apply the preventative and remedial agencies , and soon perceive that , though death is the disease that

      lot of all , a vast proportion of the hastens his approach and incapacitates and dishonours life , before he comes , is self-inflicted by man , and not divinely Imposed . That the certainty of such an issue , if we are unmindful , is one of the temptations or trials to which we are subjected , but that in this , asm all other things , we are not tried above that we are able , but , With the trial , " a way also is made for escape , that we may be able to bear it . " After describing in eloquent language the ravages committed by filth , miasma , and . drunkenness , anjl the astonishing number of . premature deaths caused by these means , the earl spoke of the enormous savins of life of late years in the borough

      of Macclesfield , by the adoption of 3 udiciou 9 sanitary regulations . This is a . sample of what lias been already achieved in many parts , and of what might be achieved in every part of the United Kingdom ; and well have we aright to say to every one , "Go thou and do likewise . " Everything , said his lordship in conclusion , has a tendency to rua into abuse ; and a main object of this Association is to watch such excrescences , nip them . in the bud , or , at least , give warning . Let us suppose that we fail of our contemplated ends ; our very failure , like the failures of alchymy , will bring a contribution of facts to true science . Let us suppose that our success is complete . Then Aye must remember that to use the and ork than it

      harvest aright is no less a duty a w was to obtain it . The appeal is to everyone ; the ricli and the poor , the scientific and the ignorant , tho occupied and the leisurely , the great and the small—all have their share . Wemay differ in phases of thought , in modes of action , in expressions of feeling , in the stamp , and colour of our opinions : but while the diflerepqes "ill appear on the surface , concord may lie benejath ; arid may we hot strive that , all , of every degree , though in various sort and mnhrier ,, , be ; really an ^ effectively combined for the one grand \ final consummation ,,, ^ Glory to God in ' the ' highest ;' on earth peace * good will towards men . ? " ¦ - , ' , ' ¦ ::. - ... , ¦ ¦ ., On Tuesday morwing , Lord B ^ QTi . QHAii : . qelivered his . address as pres ^ aent of the council . HJs lordslvip saici : —Jt is impossible in any institution like

      otir . a 1 hut d > , app . oimtnh e ^ , should not arise from the coijnpani ' tivc slowneag of tjjie progress m ^ dein giving e " flf ' c 9 t to the' proposals , offered ; tho changes suggested . . This . arises in part froftji the . hopes and ex-¦ pecOitiqns of sanAuj . nc . niew , bu ; t is ^ ieflj pwin ^ ( p ^ lte .. w ^ d ' e diUQ ^ xjOc bpty » -9 , en jprppoeinf' and expcAy . tmg . ,. » ;^ opqs , aV , ' as ^ p ^ Bapon ,, aaia long agq , " HM F ' WGh ! putwo ^ cqu ^ pp leaden ^ ect , " In t ^ e R pur p pf > iir > p ^ cula ^ ons w , e meet , no ( pbstructipnj , o . « r , Mm . m > . Mm ' w ,: } m wzprnLffi % 8 t jfprward tat a > npid papc ^ tl > o , world , 9 f acUon flows fjjojvlv , its ^ Hi'fte broton byrppkp , even Jt $ currents oftei ) b r : Mpg > gaioftt 'ttie . jbanfce . ' M ' te » W moving , t ie

      an jeye abroad . before , dwelling upon our . home con <; ernSjf : aind ^ W ( p find reason to be satisfied even with the progress begun , at least , in countries very far , ' from , heretofore moviig at even the slow rate cbmplaine ' a of ' here . In the Russian empire our pjpoceeTSings in this Association have been watched yith . great , interest * The accounts of them both in 1857 and last year have been most fully given in the J 5 t « Petersburg ; ' journals . Our corresponding members . in that country as ' sure us . of the great attention given to tliem , and we shall have proofs of it in papers now communicated thence . But the Government has ,, happily , undertaken the great measure of emancipating the serfs ( cheers ) , conducting . it upon' sound . and , moderate principles ; and , what might still less have been expected , a

      great freedom of discussion upon all subjects has been allowed in the press . Surel y ^ we may well lament that other countries , which have no serfs to liberate , but have a press to set free ( cheers ) , show no such tendencies . Who would have thought but a little while ago of the Itussian Government being held up to the . French for imitation , and the people for envy in anything relating to public liberty ? Of Austria it . may not be possible to speak in the same terms . Yet an important step has been made , even there in favour of religious liberty . In those parts of her dominions heretofore most Oppressed by ecclesiasticartyranny and bigotry ^ in their natural alliance , it is understood that the Protestants are now secured in the

      full enjoyment . of their rights . Lord Brougham proceeded to consider the various departments into which the labours of tlie Association are subdivided . Of that of Public Health , lie saia that the most valuable papers at the last congress were those contributed hy Miss Florence Nightingale . There is every . reason , said he , that this great benefactor to her suffering fellow-creatures will not much longer have to lament , with , a feeling .-of shame , our free country being left behind those under despotic governments in so material a branch of sanitary policy . Let us pause for a moment to declare that the choicest liotes warbled by the " solemn bird" of night never sotuided more sweet to vulgar ears than

      now sounds to . the philanthropist the name consecrated to undying fame by the wise beneficence and generous self-sacrifice of her who bears it—a fame far less precious in her estimation than the delightfulj reflection on ' pain iissuaged and sorrow averted . Lord Brougham eulogised the early closing shops now much adopted , and the Saturday / half-holiday ; pointed out the advantages of penny savings banks ; and ably and philosophically discoursed upon the evils of drunkenness , praising the efforts of the temperance societies , arid of Er . S . Pope , whom his lordship styled " the able an < J learned secretary of the grand alliance . " fie continued—In opening this National Association at Birmingham two years ago

      I adverted to the intimate connexion of the sciences , natural , moral , and political , eacli with the other , but the reference was not sufficiently detailed to that topic , Equally fruitful and important , of inexhaustible fertility , of paramount importance . There is no greater encouragement than is thus afforded to the cultivators of . every branch of knowledge , the great teachers of mankind , the improvers of science and of art bv their discoveries in the one , their inventions in * th > other : for they are . thus taught to hope that benefits may result from their labours fur superior to any which they had designed anil expected to produce . Let . niq add , that the same contemplations may . afford the greatest entourageis

      merit to piir labours in this Association , n nc that the illustration by examples formerly omitted sliould ' now , be siiipplfed- Tlie noble lord took this opportunity for \ roost eldqiienl ; description of the progress of science in vnripus brunches , particulnwliog the cli ' scovcries of gnlvaniam , magno tjsu ) , ' chlbrpi ' orm , and phptography . i ^ ora Brougham ftp * tpuched upon the conatitutlcn pf thip cpuntry , which lie styled a cionibmttt ^ of different interests' ; and' powers , at onco providing nga ) nst ) the encroachment of any one , and ag ^ nsC error in O « o action of the whole , uniU"g m itself the characteristic qualities' of n ) l other Governments regrtl / patricjan , ^ p ubHQa « ,, « n ( l endowed with their respective virtues , bprrowing vigour from monarchy , »«¦

      stability from aristocracy , pbpiilnr ft'ecdoni rrom mocjfacy . The , people possess tW their representatives d yoico Jn th mn ^ Uomni of ' tfteif own affairs , a real 6 ontrpl ovpr tho 6 bnduct' of « n > ci > rijlors , and a sonsiDie weight in the sqlecitipn of the public aorvimts . A no otfhero Of prppprty , tlie p ^ ssoflsbrs of rank , and tlio reprOfl ' enhvtiY'ei ( of all Kinds of porsonnl ominence hftvo a Sp ; wer > nd authority , syiflloidtit to yheok the fe ^ ea ' seS of ^ opulur v ^ loiTqo , TU < 4 . fioyot ^ sn wa fpueiiiio tho > PjiiBuct ot a ' ffiirrd ' « $ > r ' iw is compatible Withi &^ HbcSriti ^ miiMnioM 'W 6 $ W . W ufenlcftlilo Musing Wft )> M tjtia mpmita \ An )\ nlatMhn " of justice is S dbukd V ^ li ^ KMo ^ fo ' inWontloTtco of ifiojudgofl , ra > i W | % Wi , ; ThQ ,. 6 tfupnty , Q of the

      \ w * Mn > M « MvMvplms 9 wmmmw . *»** o > . , ^• oiilnuvo : reformer |) Ufr > ungjalong ^ he side , that * it mycka ha * iw ^ aupneo , aq ' d ho M , apt tO | think pothjing # W . V ^ "V 3 ° , l ^« j « } l ^ J ^ W , l ^ p ^ y * J ^\^ fwicy thnt / sppietyk i ^ ot , merely ^^ tionary , but t . or troynul ? , beieimeoJtar « topf . mpvemont issodlfr ^ rieirit fl n > ft-VA to i u s \ U ifJi 4 ;< i'ft « Pi 5 rM « WM ^ pefdi / Oipng ¦ jt itiVecrj . 4 ^ \\ ap ^ e ^ W apgears ^ qr . Vhglfenfibn' ^ f ' its ^ e ^ inff-16 fl ^ ^ } f wk ' SftU ,, ' BuOeasil ^ . im ^ kA ^^ Mm- . -Uf arftc to do

      pe , » MQ "Hist mq , ufti , , ana , , an

      improve-BtoMo ' Miclny ittl'llainatW ^*^ M & IftfyW 1 P » wv mm viw ijw Mstidh : ¦ wP wo'i ^^ f it ¦> SSifi ^ ftn ' flSfwi * ^ bW of ^ WHtm ^ Hi' V 6 H-voj |; JSW ^ PrH ™^ ' ' ^^^ '^ P'er ' so ^ o ' A 'Wy iV ,

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 15, 1859, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15101859/page/4/