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Leader (1850-1860), 15th October 1853, Edition Country of 2, Page 6, The three Sovereigns have met at Warsaw....

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      The Latest Intelligence From Constantino...

      the propositions of the Russian Government to commence hostilities against the Turks . The Indian Mail reports , that the Persians have occupied Herat . But this requires confirmation . >

      990 The 3ke1b:Er, %: S | ^Toi>Ayy

      990 THE 3 KE 1 B : ER , % : S | ^ TOi > Ayy

      The Three Sovereigns Have Met At Warsaw....

      The three Sovereigns have met at Warsaw . On the evening of the 2 nd inst ., the' Emperor of Austria left Vienna for Warsaw ; and on the same evening , the King of Prussia , persuaded at last by a third and pressing invitation from the Czar , started from Berlin , attended by two aides de camp . On the 7 feh inet ., the King of Prussia returned to Be rlin , accompanied by the Emperor of Russia , and proceeded to Potsdam , where he remained in retirement with his Imperial guest at Sans Souci . On the 8 th , the Zeit , the organ of M . de Manteuffel , the Prussian Prime Minister , came out with a declaration of Prussian policy in the event of war —as that of a " commanding neutrality . " This article appearing during the" stay of the Czar at £ 5 ans Souci , created a sensation , and was regarded as an official demonstration . It- appears to us , that the article of the Zeit is

      rather favourable to Russia than otherwise ; According to the treaty of 1841 , the part of Prussia would be to join the Western Powers in resisting Russian aggression on Turkey . On the night of the 9 th inst ., the Czar departed for St . Petersburg . He was accompanied to the railway station by the King . The Sunday , we are told , was spent at Potsdam in the quietest and most unpretending manner . The King attended Divine service in the garrison Kirch , in Potsdam ; the Emperor in the Greek chapel of the Russian Colony Alexandrewska , near Potsdam . At eleven o ' clock , there was Church parade of the 1 st battalion of the First Regiment of Guards and Hussars , and their Majesties repaired to the Palace in Potsdam , and subsequently to Sans Souci . There were no guests invited , beyond the Russian Generals in the Emperor ' s suite and Baron Budberg , in addition to the more immediate Royal circle At Potsdam , as at Olmutz and Warsaw , the Czar expressed himself

      most emphatically in favour of peace , and of the independence of the Porte . M . de Manteuft ' el , who had been commanded to Potsdam for a conference , was retained to dinner by the two Monarchs .

      The Grand Duke Alexander Was Expected At...

      The Grand Duke Alexander was expected at Odessa in the beginning of this month . The presence of the Duke of Nemours in the neighbourhood of the Turkish camp , travelling-under the name of Samblon , and accompanied by a distinguished officer named de Reillez , excited many conjectures and some uneasiness . The Due de Nemours had previously visited the Russian camp , where he was treated with marked distinction . Russia has , it is known , secured the neutrality of Austria and Prussia ; but in the case of the former Power it would be a neutrality useful to Russia , and injurious to Turkey , and would involve the occupation of Servia . Prussia would be content with checking any movement in Poland .

      A letter from Trebizonde , of the 21 st September , gives some interesting details on the situation of the surrounding country . The city , it says , was well fortified , anil perfectly secure from any attack by sea . The Turkish army in Asia Minor was numerous , in excellent order , and well commanded . The Russian troops were infeaior in number , and almost entirely concentrated in Georgia and Circassia , arid the Russian Commander-in-Chief , who resides in Tiflis , had found it necessary to send an officer of his staff to St . Petersburg to douiand reinforcements .

      The Turkish Government lias resolved upon increasing the army in Asia , and it is the general opinion that hostilities will commence there . The Turkish forces in Asia are stationed along the line stretching from Evzeroum to Batum . This army is , however , chiefly composed of irregular soldiers , and at present docs not exceed 40 , 000 men . Measures are being taken for its immediate increase , and on the offensive being taken by Turkey , an endeavour will be made to carry the seat of Avar as near to the Caucasus as possible , n junction with the Circassians being naturally considered very desirable .

      The Regular Packet Service Of The Danubi...

      The regular packet service of the Danubian Sleamnhip Company " " ! connexion with the Austrian Lloyds at Qalatz , is suspended between OrHOva . Thus communications between Austria and Turkey are interrupted . The Company 5 K ) 9 sesses as many as thirty-live Htcamorrt on this service . [ fc is probably , therefore , tho threatening attituno of the hostile armies ' which has cauuen this suspension of the river packet ; Horviee . All furloughs have been suspended in tho Austrian army . Martin Kossta has been finally liberated , and has sailed for theUnited States in ft Ballimore brig . It in reported that Geu « :-al .-i I );> inbinnki and Klapkahave accepted commands in tho Turkish uruiy . Numerous arrests have taken place in Austrian Italy , and oven in Piedmont , of refugees .

      General Goyon and tho other French officers who visited the ramp at ( Minutz , were , as wo mentioned last , week , invited to Warsaw by tho Czar . They received permission l > y telegraphic ine * NHago to accept , the . invitation . JCighfc hours after , counter-orders reached General Goyon to return to Paris . It is said ( hilt when Louis Napoleon found that , no English officers were invitod t <>' Warsaw , ho would not eoinijoiianco an evident insult to England , designed t <> c-roato distrust and jealousy between England and France . It , has been tho unceasing aim of Russia to render an alliance of tho t , \ vo Powers imposHiblo .

      Tho Import Dutios On Grains Into T]»O St...

      Tho import dutios on grains into t ]» o States of tho Church have been miHpundod until February , 1 H ( H . A decree by tho Piedmont oho Government red new tho duty on corn" to ono-fourth , and that on other grain to onohalf of its pr , < tMont amount . Tho Madrid Qazalto of tho 6 th , publishes tbo royal docreo for the convocation of tho Gorton , with tho Ministerial report on tho name subject prouentcd , to tho Queen . The . now Cub mot coiuIoiuuh ita prodoceaaoru for governing

      without a Parliament , declaring the co-operation of the Cortes with the Government to be necessary to legalise the existence and action of the Cabinet . It , was reported that Narvaez would be President of the Senate .

      T;H E F Ae E A St. The American Squadron...

      T ; H E F AE E A ST . The American squadron , tindear Gommodore Berry ,-reached Japan on the 8 th of July and left again on the 17 th . It was well received , but the ^ opening of Japan was postponed to the spring of , 1854 . i The rebellion in China continued to progress , and Pekin was expected to fall soon , and with it the Hienfoung dynasty , mu The accounts from Burmah are unsatisfactory . The war party at Ava was increasing in strength / The King alone prevents war . Our new ; provinces ate overrun with large bands of robbers , who lay them waste , with the view pf driving the inhabitants into Burmah . These bands are so strong that it has been judged prudent to increase the force at Prome . Our troops are sickly . . " The Persians have obtained possession of Herat .

      Our Seamen In The Northern Seas. The Des...

      OUR SEAMEN IN THE NORTHERN SEAS . The despatches from the commanders of the vessels sent with the object of finding Sir John Franklin , or traces of him , are very interesting in every point pf view . .,.. .. . . ¦ . . . ' . ... : . ; .- ' . ; ¦ ' .. ¦ . . Lieutenant Inglefield was sent from home in the Pho & nix , to land stores on Beechy Island , and to give despatches to Sir Edward Belcher . The ice prevented his approach to Beechy Island , and he left the stores on Cape Biley . He then went by land from Cornwallis Island to Cape Rescue , arid there found that Captain Pullen , of the North Star , his companion ship , had already communicated with . Sir Edward . His land voyage was very trying , but the . ' ordinary . perils ofthe ships are thus indicated :- ^ - . . .- " On the I 7 th of August a heavy gale from the southeast set the ice p n to the Cape so suddenly , and withl such violence , that both ships narrowly escaped beiri < y lost . The Phoenix was severely nipped , the ice bearing down upon her with such force that the six hawsers and two ^ cables laid out were snapped hke pack-thread , and the ship forced against the land ice , lifting her stem five feet , and causing every timber to groan . The hands were turned up to be ready in case the ship should break up , though there would have" been small chance , in such an event , of saving a man , as the wind blew so violently with snow that it waa impossible to face it , and the ice in motion around the ship was boiling up in a manner that would have defied getting a safe footing to the most active of our crew . "

      In another part of the report he describes the handling of the ship when blocked up in the ice-In the evening a small Crack along the north shore to the eastward was Observed , and we immediately shipped the anchor , and steamed up , but it closed ere we colild reach it ; we therefore returned for the night , but in the morning I was glad to find it again opened , ' . and we proceeded under full steam and sail with a light northerly wind , towards the eastward . Nothing but a powerful steamer could have effected her escape at that period , and now with one or two slight detentions for a couple of hours , we marln out of the Straits "

      Iii the Investigator , Captain M . 'Clure haa effected tho North- West Passage . When at Cape Parry open water to the northward induced Captain IVJ'Oluro to push for Banks' Land , and when about sixty mi | es from this cape they fell in , with an unknown coast > which waa named Baring Island . Passing up a strait between this island and a coast that was called Prince Albert ' s Land , they reached the latitude of 73 dog ., where ice impeded their further progress . The season suddenly changing , the ship was beset , and forced ' to winter in the pack . On the 14 th of July , 1851 , the ice broke up , and freeing the ship , an endeavour wab

      made to push to tho northward towards Melville Island , but an impenetrable pack precluded their , com-2 > loting what thoir autumn . travclli ng parties bad proved to bo the north-west passago . An . attempt , waa now made to round the southern shore of Baring Island , and proceed up tho went « ido , and with groatperil to tho vessel they Hucceeded in reaching as far an latitude 74 . (> , and longitude 117 . 12 , whore they were frozen in on tho 24 Ui of September , 1851 , and h : iyo never ghico been able to move tho ' whip . " But from thiH point ho Hent on Lieutenant CroHHwell ,. who orosjo ^ py land , and camo home with . Lieutenant Xnglefipld , in tho l * hn : > i : i : t :.

      There aro two remarkable discoveries montionod in Captain M'Olure ' n jounuil , viz ,, Hom 6 wnoking hillock h and a petrified forest . Ho aIho Htatefl that during his intercourse with the native ^ ' ho only onfeo ihet with any hostile demonstrationa . This occurred at 'Point Warron , near tho Mackenzie , wluirt \ , on attempting to laud , twojiatiyoH with tlu-ca ( ioiniju ^ goHtur ^ waved thoiif oil ; it wiiH not without muoh d'Hiou !^ fjhatTthoy wore pacified , and then they related , that it \\\ their ' tritw but the chief and hi « nick nonhad U « d on tfoojngtl »« shi

      , , p , alleging m a roaaon that thoy foaroditho ship had come to revongn the death of a white man thoy hind murdoied Homo timo ago . Thoy ( through tho inWprotor ) related that Home white men had como th ' ore in it boat , and that thoy built thomsolvey a hotiHo and Kvod tli ' oro ; at-last tins nativeH murdered oijlo ; ' 11 ^' ' tho ' othoiii oHcapod tlujy know not whgro , b ' n t tjjiq jnur ' dcrod in ' ah W ' PV ^«! »\ n Hl" » i , tlilij ; |) f ? iu ^ . ojlit . , ' ; ' . \ 7 . "'„ . ¦ ' . Xho follywing ia tlw princi ^ t jnv yt lQ f , Cjip ^ i »

      MKJhife ' a despatch . The coolness with which the gallatit adventurer contemplates the danger of his position , arid warns followers against a search that may be fruitless ^ is worthy of remark . V" Should . any of her Majesty ' s ships be sent for our relief and we have quitted Port Leopold , a notice containing in ! fprm 4 Uon of our rp \ ite will be left at the door pf the houso on Whaler ' s Point , or on spme conspicuous point ; if 3 however , on the , contrary ,, jiointunatibii should be found ' of our having been , there ,, it may be afc once surmised that some fatal catastrophe has happened , either from being carried into , the Polfup Sea or smashed in Barrow ' s Straits , and no survivors left ; if such should be the case : which , howevpi *

      I vnijl not anticipate , it will then be quite unnecessary to penetrate further Westward for our relief , as by the period that any vessel could reach that : port we must , from want of'provisions ^ all have perished ; . in such a case I would submit that the officer may be directed to , return , and by no means incur the danger of losing other lives in quest of those who will then be-no - more . As , however , it may occur ( as was the case with Sir John Ross ) that the ice may not break uj ? in Prince Regent ' s Inlet during tho whole summer , it is as well to provide against such a contingency . If such should happen , it would be necessary to winter at Port Leopold , unless apprised of the locality of any ship that might be sent to our relief , which I think . might be accompnshed without any very great : difficulty

      ^ as , although such vessel may not be enabled to get far up the . straits , yet , « s Admiralty Inlet would be pretty certain of being clear of ice , she might proceed thither , and in some secure bay freeze in > and when the Straits are firmly frozen over about the middle of October , a small travelling party could be despatched with the intelligence ; the whole would then proceed to her , and although rather late in the season , men working for their lives are not likely to be discouraged by a little cold . Whatever may be the final termination of this long , tedious , but , I hope , not unimportant voyage , I hope ,. sir , that you will assure their lordships that in every stage I have been guided entirely by what I have considered to be my . duty in prosecuting- to

      the utmost the object for which- the expedition was fitted outj although we have not succeeded in obtaining any information which could throw the slightest clue upon the fate of our missing countrymen ^ I hope that the services Eerformed in . the tracing of a very great extent of coast ne , the discovery of much land—^ a portion inhabited by a simple and primitive people not hitherto known , and , above all , the accurate knowledge of that passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans which for so many hundred years lias baffled maritime Europe—its very existence being almost considered sceptical- —will , I trust , be considered events sufficiently interesting and important to elicit from their lordships a favourable consideration of our services . "

      Sir Edward Belcher examined Wellington Channel , but fourid nothing of importance . He says : — " I think I may safely say , that not the most distant hope of any communication " by sea exists in this directipn with Jones s Sound . Although , from the fogs and vapours which were particularly noticed from the crow ' s-nest on board , and by myself from the deck , exhibiting at times the appearance of smoke from fires , I am inclined to suspect extensive lakes or arms of tho sea , & c ., running parallel to tho northern land , and possibly connecting by some very narrow neck , but' westerly much , as it would othcrwisor . materially influence < the tides in this region . Throughout this very interesting search , not a particle of

      driftwood lias boon noticed since quitting . Village Point , and . not a tracp of human being ' s .- Animal life seems to fail after quitting ISxmouth Island . It is possible that tho snow may have covered many objects , but wo noticed them even when heavier snow hail fallen on Table Island . If our unfortunate ¦ countrymen have ' takon tho floe and drifted . with it , ' their case is hopeless . If wo may judge from the aspects of the floes , where they had come into collision , or where thoy piled themselves in layers over forty foot on tho north-western extremities of the islands , tho feeling was disheartening . We noticed nothing equal to it in Melville Bay . Our only resource , now is the closo search of tho coaat line west and south-westerly and north and easterly for traces of wssela pr crowd .

      any " From our examination of this northern sea , I now ieol convinced that tho so-termed Smith and Jonea ' s Sounds aro connected immediately with this northern sea . U Franklin passed easily through Lancaster Sound to try tho opening- of Jonea ' jj or Smith '*) outlof H , wo may yet fall upon his traces , as my own spring movoinonts will carry me m that direction . ¦ Qpinmandor Pullon , or Mr . M'Coriruolc may have already , in part , settled thin important question ; thoy were fully unproved by me with tho importance 01 that course of search . "

      A sad story iri added to these northern tales . Iho gallant young Frenchman , Lieutenant Ballot , who volunteered to accompany the expedition , was ) Hont by Commander Pullon , from tho North Star , acroHH land to the Assistance with despatches for Sir Edward Boloher . Four men accompanied him . , Ono of them telln tho narrative .

      " Wti got tho provinionfl on nhoro rtn Wodnosday , tho 17 th-After Wo had done that thorb remained on tho ieo ihivM Hook , A . B . ; Lieut . lie-Hot , imd » ny « elf , having with u « M »« Hledgo Macintosh , awning , and littlo boat . ( Joirniiente . i tryinu ; to draW tho , boat and olodffo to iho soufchwarr , I " ' ibitnd' . tiho ico driving sofant j loft tho Bl «> dge ««»« took ui « l ) oat only , but tho wind waa so Htrong . ftt tho tuno tJmi . 1 - blow tho boat over dml over . Wo then took tho boat wu uh under » holt « r of apieno of ico ; ahA-M . i ^ a V T , " welvoo conimoncod cutting an . ico-houao with our kniveH shelter . M . Bollut . mit fi > r half anliour in wmyoriuition wiw us talking on tho dangor of our position . I U > M l » m ¦ wati not afraid , and that tho Amori < "im oxpedition wr driven up and down this channel bytliouo . Ho rwp «« - ' ' I know thoy w « r «; and when th < 3 Iidrd pi » iic

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 15, 1853, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15101853/page/6/