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Leader (1850-1860), 15th September 1855, Edition 2 of 2, Page 5

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      ' ¦;[;¦ Z:. Go&&I®& '&'I 2:Jlit ¦ N*Dtes...

      ' ¦;[;¦ Z :. Go && i ®& ' &' 2 : JLit ¦ n * dtes . A treaty of alliance arid of commerce was concluded on the I 2 th " bf -July between France and Persia , and the Tatifications Trere given to the Minister of France on thelffli . ' The Mofitieur contains an Imperial decree , reducing the duties on cast-iron , wires , machinery , & c , so as to make therii harmonise with the decree of Nov . 22 , 1853 . The duty on steel is reduced to 50 f . per 100 kilogrammes , arid 70 f . in the case of steel wire for musical instruments . The duty on machinery ranges between 15 f . and 65 f . when complete , and between 15 f . and 200 f . for separate pieces , the duty gradually increasing in the inverse proportion of the weight . # he duty on tools of different kinds ranges between 75 f . and 200 f ., and the old duty is maintained on sickles and flaxcombs .

      M . Bineau , Senator , and lately Minister of Finance , expired at Paris on Saturday , from the complaint under which he has been suffering for some months . A dreadful accident has occurred on the Versailles Railway . A passenger train came into collision with a luggage train close to the Paris station , and was actually cut in two . It is thought that the number of killed amounts to fifteen , if not more , and the number of wounded to upwards of thirty . Government is making a strict inquiry into the cause . The Tribunal of Correctional Police of Brussels has been occupied during two days with a trial in which three English gentlemen were concerned . Mr . John Ashwell , Sir William Magnay , and Mr . John Masterman were charged with swindling—a charge based , according to the Procureur du Roi , on the allegation that

      the three gentlemen had appropriated the greater part of 10 , 500 shares , and of a sum of 35 , 750 fr ., which had been" confided to them to employ in secret purposes in promoting the interests of the company , and in procuring influence in Belgium . For the defence , it was contended that nothing more had been done than is constantly done in England— namely , the distribution of shares or money among those who may be in a position to promote the interests of the line ; such expenses in England being entered in the accounts as " Parliamentary expenses . " Mr . Ashwell alone appeared ; the two other gentlemen being tried by default . The Tribunal decided that , as the acts of Mr . Ashwell which were complained of took place more than three years ago , they were covered by prescription , and that the complaint against Sir William Magnay and Mr . Masterman was not sufficiently proved . The case was consequently

      dismissed . The items of Constantinople news which have reached Marseilles by the Sinai are but slight . Riza Pacha has been named Ottoman Minister to the Greek Government . M . Musurus has been appointed to the rank of Turkish functionary of the first class . The Sultan has paid a visit to Sister Cellier , and left her 1 , 000 , 000 of piastres for the sick . The telegraph between Shumla and the Turkish capital is finished , and despatches have been already sent . Mehemet Ali Pacha , brother-in-law of the Sultan , has been made Minister of Marine . It is said that the ministry will shortly be completed by the addition of Mustapha Pacha as President of the Council ,

      and Veli Pacha as Minister of Commerce . The removal of Izzet Pacha , Minister of Police , is also talked of . — The news of the acceptance of the proposition of the Rothschilds for the Turkish loan ( says a letter from Constantinople ) has produced the greatest sensation in the financial and political world here . The surprise has been great , as no one believed in conditions so favourable . The advantages that Turkey now obtains from the Rothschild loan had not escaped Mustapha Pacha , who is a man of an essentially practical character . Redschid Pasha was of a contrary opinion . An angry discussion ensued on that point between him and Mustapha , the result of which was the resignation of the latter .

      Russia , according to the Wanderer of "Vienna , is endeavouring to bring about an understanding between Austria and Prussia , with a view to win over Franco ; the Czar believing that the interests of France , Germany , and Russia , may bo easily reconciled . Communications with this object have , it is asserted , been made to the Austrian cabinet ; but there is no reliable evidence in support of any such fact . The Fremden Blatt states that the St . Petersburg cabinet has made new propositions for peace , u though in a most confidential manner ; " but , even should this bo the case , it is certain they will not be listened to by the Allies under the

      present state of affairs in the Crimea . On the other hand , rumours are abroad in Germany that the policy of Austria has undergone a change , in consequence of which ehe is ' * about to realise tho promises made to the Western Powers ; " that tho Emperor Francis Joseph has taken great offence at a demand from tho Court of Russia for " material assistance , " convoyed in terms of a very imperative nature j and that Austria and Russia are therefore extremely cool and stiff with one another . Thoae may believe these reports who like ; but it is almost needless to add that they are in tho highest degree improbable .

      Some interesting particulars of the internal state of Russia with respect to financial matters is contained in a letter from St . Petersburg of the 80 th ult ., and

      published in thsConstttutionnel . The writer says : —• " Bankruptcies succeed bankruptcies here—the Tribunal has declared twenty to-day . The public establishments of credit appear , however , to suffer less , if the official report of the Minister of Finance can be relied on . He lately stated to the Council of the State Institutions of Credit that , notwithstanding existing circumstances , the banks continue their operations with satisfactory results . Moreover , the Minister announces that the loan of 50 , 000 , 000 roubles has been realised , and that the

      repayment of it will commence in 1857 . He informs us that the amount of the State Debt is 476 , 615 , 039 roubles . The operations of the commercial bank have increased their profits by 1 , 236 , 145 roubles ; but this is a small result , 600 , 000 , 000 of capital having been employed to obtain it ; and this is a proof how much Russia suffers from the present war . The Grand Duke Nicolas Nicolaiewitch is at present building a splendid palace . Marbles of Finland and Siberia have been ordered for this new ornament of tbe Russian capital . "

      An Imperial Russian ukase declares that General Bibikoff , in withdrawing from the post of the Minister of the Interior , is to preserve his functions as member of the Council of the Empire , and to continue aide-decamp to the Emperor . Telegraphic accounts from St . Petersburg inform us that the Czar intends leaving the capital on the 13 th inst . for Moscow and Warsaw . He will be attended by Count Nesselrode , and it is thought he will arrange an interview with the King of Prussia .

      A quarrel has sprung up between Sardinia and Tuscany . In July last , the former appointed Count Antonio Casati as an attache to the Sardinian Legation at Florence ; but when the Sardinian Minister there asked the Grand Duke ' s leave to introduce the Count to him , the Prince refused . The Austrian Minister and the Grand Duchess are said to be the authors of this deliberate insult to Sardinia . The Sardinian Legation has , in consequence , " been recalled from Florence . The reason alleged for the refusal by the Grand Duke is that Count Casati is the son of the former chief of the

      Provisional Government of Lombardy . The appointment of the Count had , however , beforehand been duly notified to the Tuscan court , and no objection had been made . The King of Sardinia has instituted a new military Order of Knighthood , which is intended exclusively for persons engaged in the present war . It is entitled the " Ordine Militaire di Savola , di Vittorio Emanuele Secondo , " and consists of three grades—Grand Cordon , Officer , and Chevalier , Private soldiers are eligible for the rank of Chevalier , which will carry with it a pension of 10 Of . a year . The reports of the vintage vary exceedingly from different parts of the country , but the fact of wine having fallen in price nearly fifty per cent , in the market of Turin shows that the general prospect is considered good .

      With regard to the financial condition of Austria , the Times Vienna . Correspondent says : — " The balance sheet of the Bank for August is so ver 3 ' like its immediate predecessors that it requires little notice . The ' accommodation' granted was 3 , 660 , 000 fl . less than it was in July , and the bills which the Bank , by express order of the Minister of Finances , refused to discount were those presented by some of the first Vienna firms . As the Bank has always discounted at four per cent ., merchants who understood their business have got rich simply by working with the capital of that institution . " The Oesterreichische Zeitung contains a very violent article , attacking the honour of the representatives of England in Wallachia and Moldavia . The writer of this

      libel observes : — " The popularity of Austria in the Principalities is far greater than that of the English agents there . Among those agents are some who are highly paid , whose private character is such that they deserve to be expelled from all good society , and whose mode of life , both as private persons and as employes ^ is well calculated to call for the application of tho criminal code . " The article goes on to observe that the English ngents are always open to bribes , and that " tho present Hospodar has been guilty of the crime of depending more on tho firman of tho Porte , and on tho Austrian army of occupation , under protection of which the laws stand , than on the easily purchased support of English agents . "

      The King of Denmark has been staying at Ringstad , tho ancient capital of tho kingdom , where he has caused to bo opened several graves of tho early monarchs . The skeletons of some were found entire . Abd-el-Kadcr is suffering extremely from " cholerine . " Ho lies on tho ground , and refuses to tuko medicine , alleging tho old Mahometan doctrine of fatalism as his excuse . " If I am to die , I must die : it is written . " He is said , however , to bo recovering . Tho Captain-General of Catalonia has reported to tho Spanish Government that two Carlist bands , under chiefs named Guibert and Huignot , had been routed at Osort and Adra . An unfortunate affair has just taken place at Malaga . Four sailors , belonging to an English vessel , quarrelled , while in a stuto of drunkenness , with some of the inhabitants . Two of them wore killed a \ id one wounded . Two or three of the assassins huvo been arrested , and will be severely punished .

      The Queen's Visit To Scotland. Her Majes...

      THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO SCOTLAND . Her Majesty has arrived at Balmoral , there to find ip the semi-solitude of mountain scenery , ar id the quiet picturesqueness of the last remains of Scotch feudal customs , repose from the anxieties of state and tb ^ B dazzling splendours of her recent Parisian receptiqn . ' The public a week or two ago were startled by learning that the royal carriage on the northern line was unsafe , and had actually led to an accident . It was thought , however , that now there would be absolute safely ( humanly speaking ); but a series of mishaps on the journey of Thursday -week , ending in the death of * man , again calls attention to the subject . Shortly after the royal train left the metropolis , it was found that some of the axles of the carriages were not in a satisfactory state . When the train arrived at Peterborough * one or two of the axle-boxes were washed out . At Grantharn , matters were found to be worse , and a man was then stationed on the footboards of the train in

      order to grease the axles as it was running . At Retford , a telegraphic message -was sent to Doncaatev to have « , fresh break got in readiness . At Bawtry , the train was delayed five Minutes to allow the axles—all of which were overheated more or less—time to cool . On reaching Doneaster , the last break of the train was exchanged for a fresh one . After leaving Doneaster , and getting rid of the all-but-ignited break , the state of the axles of some of the other carriages was sufficient to excite the liveliest anxiety of the officials in charge of the train , and to require the most constant vigilance . On approaching Darlington , one of the greasers stationed on the footboards of the train came in contact with the

      girder railing of a small culvert bridge ; the collision knocked him off the train , and he was so crushed in his fall that he died soon afterwards . At Darlington , her Majesty , Prince Albert , and the Princess Royal , who occupied the principal state carriage , were under the necessity of abandoning it , and proceeding for the remainder of their journey in one of the blue saloon carriages occupied by some of the younger branches of the family . An inquest has been held on the body of the man killed , William Haigh , the examiner of the carriages . It appeared that he must have got out of one of the carriages on to the footboard , for the purpose of greasing the carriage . There was no necessity , however , for his getting out . A verdict of " Accidental Death" was returned . The deceased , who was a very steady man , has left a widow and three children .

      The reception of the war news at Balmoral was celebrated by bonfires and great rejoicings in front of the Castle among the Highlanders .

      The Irish In America. As An Indemnity Fo...

      THE IRISH IN AMERICA . As an indemnity for the American Know-nothing movement , -which is to deprive the United States Milesian of a large'part of his influence west of the Atlantic , the Irish in America , or a body claiming to act in their behalf , are contemplating a descent upon their native land , with a view to wresting it from " the grasp of the oppressor , " and establishing an independent Ireland . Accordingly , at the Massachusetts Convention of Irish delegates from fifty-five towns in the State , held at Boston on the 14 th of August , a " platform" and address were unanimously adopted . The following are the chief passages in the address : — " Address of the Massachusetts Irish Emigrant Aid Society to Irishmen in the United States . " Fellow-countrymen , —The time has at length arrived for action . Every steamer that crosses the Atlantic to our shores brings intelligence of fresh disasters , distress , and difficulty to our old inveterate foe . Let us , therefore , unite in a bond of brotherhood to aid the cause of liberty for Ireland . The moment is propitious—the means are in our hands . Let us use them—use them with prudence , with caution , but with devoted energy and the determination of men whose birthright _ is a heritage of vengeance—vengeance of seven centuries of wrong , of massacre , of spoliation , of rapine , of tyranny , deceit , and treachery unparalleled in the annals of the world ' s history . " Remember Limerick ! Remember Skull and Skibbercen ! And , oh ! remember the long , bitter years of exile , and think of that beautiful land , the home of your childhood and your affections , where repose the ashes of your fathers and the martyrs of your race ; and say , shall no effort be made to wreat the island from the robber pirate who has so long hold her in the gripe of tyranny , depressed the energies of her people , and despoiled them of their inheritance ? It is for her exileu children to flay , shall this cease , and Ireland be free , or shall the tyrant boast a perpetual tenant-right of mo C The men in Ireland are ready ; they wait only **»« assurance of our sympathy and aid ; ^ isoly tauff'g ssr ^ f ^ TA . : ^ r . ^ x - the nebM of tho . . oru . » lty P »*' " JJ , t M . 55 $ z & szsi : s « /« - » explosion .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 15, 1855, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15091855/page/5/