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    1236 THE LEADER. [No. 451, November lg^ ...

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  • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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    Anglo-German Submarine Telegraph.—The La...

    the vine in the colooy . " The manufacture of vrinej x , savs " is increasing in a considerable ratio every year , and ' soon that article will be classed among our leading exports Our wines improve greatly , both in strength and flavour , by being kept , and next year it is likely some very fine samples Trill be exported . . The Cloth Trade ix Tuscany . —The following account of . the cloth trade in Tuscany is given by the Annales du Commerce Exte > ieur . — " The greatest part of the cloths used and sold in Leghorn come from Saxony , Brandenburg , and Silesia , their prices varying , according to quality , from 7 fr . to 14 fr . a metre . A considerable export trade to the Levant , principally of lig ht colours , is carried on . Black cloth is almost the only kind used

    in Tuscany . The superior qualities , from 13 . fr . to 25 fr . a metre , are imported From Fiance . Kerseymeres and fancy stuffs , to use as a substitute for cloth , are furnished by Belgium and France , but inferior qualities of such articles are manufactured in Tuscany . French cloths are only used in the Grand Duchy by the tailors ¦ who , two or three times a year , in order to make purchases , visit Elbeuf , Louviers , Rheiins , and Paris , where they also supply themselves with articles for waistcoats and trousers . The trade "with France is , however , seriously injured by the competition of Saxony and Western Prussia , the importation into Tuscany from the first-named country not amounting at the present time to more than 1 , 200 , OOOfr . a year . Leghorn exports Prussian and Saxon cloths to Egvpt , Tunis , and

    Morocco , to the amount of about 1 , 500 , OOOfr . There is also a trade carried on to about the same amount with Constantinople in ready-made articles of clothing , about one-fourth of which are procured from France . It is a lmost impossible to state , even approximatively , the total amount of the impart of cloth into Tuscany , as no Customs returns are published . They are brought into the Grand Duchy both by sea and land , those intended for home consumption going through the Customs formalities at Florence , Lucca , Pisa , Sienna , & c . Several kinds of foreign cloths have lately entirely disappeared from Tuscan commerce , 5 ii consequence of the progresT sive improvement in the native manufactures , the principal establishments for which are at Porto , Pistoja , and Arezzo . "

    Postal CoaaaiusricATrpK to Australia . —The question of steam postal communication has been again discussed , and it is understood that a proper representation of -what is needed and wished will be transmitted to Europe from the Government by the next mail . The course to be taken is'exactly that which ought to be taken . The home authorities will receive precise directions as to the kind of contract which the colonists want , and will be left to select the parties and to settle details . There will be , ere very long , a Panama line for Sydney , and a Ceylon line for "Victoria , so that each colony will have first news in its turn , and both will have a fortnightly mail . —Sydney Morning Herald .

    Extension in the Welsh Ironworks . — -The improved tone of the Welsh iron trade has encouraged the ironmasters to carry out those alterations and extensions which were either contemplated or in progress at the time of the panic ; Several fresh veins of coal are also about to tie -worked , as well as some new mining undertakings . The Abeidare Iron Company are now rebuilding two of their largest blast furnaces , and a new blast Engine has been erected , at the Gadleys Ironworks , in the Aberdare Valley . New furnaces are in progress at Blaenavon , and the extension will give employment to a great number of additional hands , and alterations are also to take place at Tredegar . Improvements are in contemplation at the Clydach Works .

    Edinburgh and Glasgow Bank . —The statement that a call is about to be made upon the shareholders is entirely without foundation or excuse . The liabilities have been reduced to 275 , 000 / ., which is the sum now due by the Edinburgh and Glasgow Bank to the Clydesdale Bank ; and the manager for the Clydesdale hold ? ample assets in his hands not only to meet all the liabilities , but to form a fund for distribution to the shareholders , —/ Scotsman . The Western Bank . —The North British Daily Mail says : — " The amount ) paid of the last call is now About 70 O , O 00 Z ., a sum which speaks well for the ability and willingness of the shareholders , and for the activity of the liquidators . "—A meeting has been held in the Lord Provost's chambers -with the view of concerting measures for the relief of those shareholders who arc

    rendered " entirely destitute' by the failure , A deputation from the committee goes to-day to Glasgow to arrange with the committee there established as to future proceedings . It was mentioned that upwards of 12 jOOO £ had been already raised in that city , while the amount raised in Edinburgh was under 500 ? . In addition to this , a committee of benevolent ladies has been employed for name weeks in collecting subscriptions , and there is nearly 900 / . Already in hand . ; ,: Population of Morocco . —The population of the empire of Morocco alone is stated to amount to about 15 , 000 , 000 of inhabitants , including 2 , 800 , 000 Berber * , 8 , 660 , 000 Moors , 1 , 450 , 000 Shellooka , inhabiting the Atlantic qliain , 740 , 000 ArabB , 840 , 000 Jews , 120 , 000 Negroes , 500 . Christians and ronogaUos . —Shipping and Mercantile Gazette . Importation ov Saivt into Qujna . — -A communication hao been , received by Mr . James Boazley , of

    Liver-Pool , from the Foreign-ofhee , hi reply to a request for information whether the importation of salt into China is prohibited . It appears the manufacture of salt is a strict imperial monopoly in China—that at Shanghai and Ningpo cargoes of salt , brought by British merchant vessels in 1846 and 1848 , had been refused admission . The Foreign-office lias since received no other information as to whether salt would be allowed to be imported at any other of the Chinese ports opened by . treaty , and such being the case , it is evident that British

    merchants importing salt into any of the Chinese ports must do so at their own risk . IIUDI > ERSFIELD CHAMBER OK COMMERCE . The USUal monthly meeting of this chamber was held on Wednesday ; J . Ilaigli , Esq ., in the chair . A letter was read from Mr . Hastings , of London , calling the attention of the chamber to the approaching meeting in London of the general committee on mercantile legislation , which -was appointed at the last meeting of the National Association , in pursuance of a recoiniiiendtition by the department of jurisprudence ; the meeting to take place on the 17 th and 18 th instant . TUe letter referred to an organised attempt in London to oppose Lord John Russell ' s -Bankruptcy Bill with which the committee has been entrusted , and requested

    the chamber to send a delegate to the meeting , as it was desirable to have a strong muster in support of the bill . After some discussion it was agreed to request T . Mallinson , Esq ., now . in London , to attend as the chamber ' s representative . On the suggestion of Mr . Rayner , it was resolved to invite E . Akroyd , Esq ., M ' . P . for Huddersfield , to attend a general meeting of the members of the chamber , to be called at the end of this month , fully to consider the Bankruptcy Bills now pending , so that both he and the council may know how to proceed in future stages of the bills . On the motion of the chairman , it was resolved that the chamber recommend the National Association to hold its next meeting in ' Bradford , by way of aiding the Bradford Chamber of Commerce in their endeavours in the same direction . —Manchester Guardian .

    T « k Highest Railway in the World . —' The Pabellon and Chanarcillo extension of the Copiapb Railway , in Chili , is so far advanced that a trial trip lias been made on 12 miles , by Mr . Jaggcrt , the superintendent of locomotives . The engines , with . pressure of 1001 b . to the inch , easily moved round curves of 500 feet radius , and surmounted inclines some of which have a gradient of 170 to . ' 324 : feet in the mile , and at length reached the terminus ,. ' which is an elevation of 4075 feet above the level of the sea—a less height , of course , than-that to which 'f revet hick worked the stationary engine in Pasco , but said to be one thousand feet higher than any other locomotive has reached . Doubtless the great engineer , when

    traversing the Andes ,, contemplated the clay when the locomotive engine which he had invented—and George Steplienson was then studying in England—would be employed to pass the gorges of the Cordilleras , where the lama is now the only beast of burden . We know that Trevethick did contemplate tlie application of the railway on this coast , and proposed , soon after his return , a railway to work some of the rich copper deposits of Alacama—a result which is now realised . The value of the railway for crossing the snow-bound passes of the Andes , and uniting the coasts with the verdant plains and pampas of the inkiml , can scarcely be estimated , and it will be the greatest means for making profitable the resources of the rich desert of

    Alacama . The Copiapo Railway is the only one in the world that has paid quarterly dividends , and other railways are in progress , or projected to work the Coquimbo , Huasco , and Clmnaroillo districts in Chili- It is said that the summit level of the Copiapo extension is higher than the only one in the world—that of tho Great Indian Peninsular Railway for traversing the Western Ghauts . Tho Bora Ghaut incline is one of the grandest works in the world . The summit of tho Scemmering Pass , on tho Vienna and Trieste Rail-waythe highest in Europe—is about 3000 feet above tho level of tho sea . The highest summit in North America is the pass of the Blue Mountains , by the Baltimore and Ohio Railway , about 2700 feet high . As the Valparaiso and Santiago Railway only crosses the Cordillorns do la Cuesta , it does not roach tha elovation of tho Copiapo Railway . The elovation of 4076 feot is Rail

    not , however , tho topmost height of tho Copiupo - way , for when tho extension is completed two miles further , it will havo reached 44 70 feot nbovo the level of the Pacific . Sonio of tho , ox tension linos from Rio Janeiro cross tho Sierra dne Orgnes , and In time they will reach tho mountain regions of Minna Goraos , but « t present tho Copiapo Railway 1 ms the claim of bqing tho highest railway in tho South American continent . Tho opening of this lino is not a moro curiosity , but it is a useful example for tho promotioa of othor undertakings . Thus , for instance , in Chill itself it will oncourago tho prosecution of the grand , lino projected to unito Stuitiogo and Talporaieo with Buonoa Ayros , by wny of Itoaarlo , and of which part of tho system ia completed , or In progreBB , and the rost surveyed . It promises , likewise , the continuation of tho railway syatom of tho Brazils , from tbo coast to tho innor feeders of tho Amazon and tho Plata .

    Indian Loaxs . —It is fcnown- that the Council of India have under serious consideration the reconimenda tion which has been sent home by the Indian Govern * meut , that the transfer of notes of the Qo . vernmcnt Four and Five per Cent . Loans be registered in England and that the interest on all notes . so registered be Wide payable by drafts on the Indian Treasuries In some quarters it is believed that the Council of India contemplate acceding to thelattcr portion of the recommendation , but not to the former . The one , however , will inevi tably pave the way to the other . The drafts on the

    It is likewise a fact in favour of the many railways whfch are projected , and will be executed , from the Atlantic « hn to California , traversing the Rocky Mountains , from Ilni ; fax to English Columbia . These summit leveh S " engineers greater , daring ; and the Alps , CordilieM * and Ghauts , even the niiglity Himalaya itself will „ longer be considered bounds to the railwa v system The summit of the Northern Bengal Railwav at D jeeling is as high as that of the Copiapo liail ' wav ' - ! l Building JVezcs .

    Indian- Ireasunes would , of course , be . readil y convertible into cash here . Investments on English . account ia the Indian local Government loans will doubtless be stimulated as soon as the official announcement shall have been communicated , and the prices of the Government paper in the Indian markets will thus , doubtless , be considerably enhanced . Tlio consequent improvement in the credit of the Government in India will be recon- - niscd as an important advantage , the more especially considering that Great Britain is now virtually liable for the linancial engagements of that Government .

    PiiorosED Docks at IJckjuiam . —M . Hawkshav , C . E ., is at present engaged in laying down a plan for the formation of docks and shipping places at Buniliam , on the Somersetshire coast , opposite Cardiff . Vessels caii rnn from one place to the other in a single tide , and to save the railway transit from Bristol to Burnham . This is so important an item that a considerable trade is springing up there . Land has just been let for an entire new street , the esplanade is being widened , and gas is being laid down . TlXK , COULIEKS' StKIKE IN" WlCST YORKSHIRE . —At Garforth Colliery all the hand ' s have gone in at the 15 per cent , reduction . At Alans-ton Colliery three-fourths of those who struck have resumed work , at their employers' terms ; and on Wednesday a-considerable number went in at the Allerton Colliurv . At all the other

    places some men am at work , partly colliers and partly top men and common labourers . Ejectment notices have been served at Whitwood , Rothwcll llaigh , and Stanley Collieries , and will expire next -week . The ; Bank of Austria . —The Times correspondent at Vienna says in his letter , dated the 9 th : — In the Imperial Ordinance of the DOth of August , 1858 , it was said , that the old notes of 1000 H . were to bo withdrawn from circulation by the 30 th of June , 1859 , and the Bank to-day nialtes known to the public that it is piepared to give new for old lOOOfl . notes , at the rate of 105 new florins for 100 of tho old currency . In the Times of the 4 th instant

    U a telegram from Vienna , in which it is said that the National Bank of Austria lias resumed payments in silver at the rale of 105 new for 100 old florins . The resumption of cash payments by the Bunk has hitherto been merely nominal , but if there is meaning in the notice to-day issued by that institution , it has taken a step in the right direction . It must bo well understood that until this morning tho Bank has not taken any of its old notes at the legal rato of 105 . Persons who havo succeeded in getting new notes for old ones at lOOOtl . will have no difliculty in obtaining silver for their paper at the hard cnsii Austrian ha o

    department of tho Bank . The papers > received a hint from tho authorities to refrain tram criticising the measures of tho Bunk . Tho lunt , or rather tho order , ia said to linve been given by desire or tho'Minister of Finance . Wo learn from Venice t at groat excitement prevails tliuro . In consequent or t » o change in tho currency , but there havo not been any disturbances worthy of mention . Tho pooplo 8 tiu u ^ in tho " lira , " and affbot to ignore tho now eiurawy . In conscquenoo of the muasu . ro of tlio Bunk , ol wn « - « mention has been niado above , thcro was a very sunkhb improvement on 'Change . Credit Bant rfjaw ^ full 0 por cont ., and all other kinds of stock wore m

    great demand . . from Tun SuJiMAiiraB TBMianAi-ii . —Wo havo a note from Mr . Courtenny , the secretary of tho Subinnr hiJ o graph Company , acquainting ... with ho imp « m ( fact that direct communication between London I ' uria has boon re-established . ,,., „ ,. of Austbian Railways . — A despatch from \ lem / i «» Wednesday ' s dato states that tlio shareholders oi Francis Joseph Railway havo conllrmoj l tlio "" » ° » J tho Lombardy lino . Tho oxolinngo will tnko j . net tho footing of twonty-ftvo Francis Josep h aliaron » gn" » f sixteen Lombard bonds . , I 10 St Bank , op KNPMIMD . —It U understood that mm ' Doputy-Govcrnor will I * . Mr Alfred M «« JJ ^ tf firm of Arbuthnot , Latlmm , and Co . Jlw « lw j , namy Mr . ShoffloUl Noavo t \ a Qovonior ivlll ho JSUDobroo , the present Dcpuly-CJovornor . H «<> u » u takes place in April .

    1236 The Leader. [No. 451, November Lg^ ...

    1236 THE LEADER . [ No . 451 , November lg ^ lSoft .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 13, 1858, page 28, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_13111858/page/28/