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Leader (1850-1860), 11th December 1852, Edition Country of 2, Page 10, Saturday, December 4. Hebe is the Bttdge...

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      1182 The Leader. [Saturday, ¦ - —¦¦'¦ — ...

      1182 THE LEADER . [ Saturday , ¦ - —¦¦ ' ¦ — ¦¦¦ ' '' * ' ' - ¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦ ¦¦¦ ¦— '" ' 1 _ __^ . '¦ *

      Health Of London During The Week. 3ja8t ...

      HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK . 3 JA 8 T week the mortality of London experienced an increase ; the deaths , which in the two previous weeks had been 922 and 947 , rose to 1042 . In the ten corresponding weeks of 1842-51 the average number was 1178 , which , if raised in proportion to increase of population , gives a mortality of 1296 for the present time . The average is augmented by influenza , which in the corresponding week of 1847 was 2454 persons ; nevertheless the last week ' s return compared with these facts , still indicates a favourable state of the public health for a population in which a rate of mortality considerably higher than the average rate of England always prevails .

      With respect to the causes of death , the results of last week correspond nearl y with those of the previous return in the two principal classes—namely , epidemics and diseases of the respiratory organs ; but in most of the other classes there is an increase , especially in " diseases of the nervous system , " which rose from 96 to 134 . Taking particular epidemics , measles has increased from 15 to 24 , while scarlatina has declined from 72 to 69 . Typhus was fatal in 47 cases , diarrhoea in 21 . There were none of cholera , and only 4 of small-pox . A man-servant , aged 26 years , died in the Small-pox Hospital of " small-pox , confluent , unmodified ( 13 days ) , belieA'ed to have been vaccinated in infancy at Stock well , but no cicatrix . Last week the' births of 851 boys and 788 girls , in all 1639 children , were registered in London . The average number in seven corresponding weeks of 1845-51 was 1396 . At the Royal Observatory , Greenwich , the mean reading of the barometer in the week was 29 * 710 in . The mean

      temperature of the week was 42 * 4 degs ., which is rather below the average of the same week in ten years . The mean daily temperature was below the apsrage on three days , Monday , Tuesday , and Wednesday , " and on the rest was above it . On Monday it was 6-9 degs . beloic the average ; on Saturday it was 9 ' 7 degs . above it . On Monday and Tuesday the wind was in the north ; during the rest of the week generally in the south-west . The rain in the week was 0- 33 in .

      Births, Marriages, And Deaths. Births. O...

      BIRTHS , MARRIAGES , AND DEATHS . BIRTHS . On the 12 th of October , at Lueknow , the wife of Captain Fletcher Hayes , M . A ., Oxon , Assistant-Eesident at the Court of Lucknow : a daughter . On the 25 th of November , at Dover , the widow of Brevet-Major Henry Griffith , of the Eleventh Madras Native Infantry ( who fell at the capture of Rangoon , on the 12 th of April last ) : a daughter . On the 27 th , at the Prieure" de Lamalgue , Toulon , the wife of General the Right Hon . Sir Frederick Adam , G . C . B . : a son . On the 1 st of December , at Hintlesham-hall , Suffolk , the Hon . Mrs . Lloyd Anst ' ruther : twin sons . Ou the 1 st , at Sledmere , the Hon . Mrs . Cholmondeley : a son . On the 2 nd , at Spa , Belgium , the Lady Elizabeth Osborn : a daughter . On the 2 nd , at 39 , Lowndes-strect , Xady Frederic Kerr : a daughter . On the 3 rd , at 123 , Gloucester-terrace , Hyde-park-gardens , the wife ofSima Reeves , Esq . : a daughter , which survived its birth only three days . On the 3 rd , at Torquay , the wife of Sir Paul Huntor , Bart . : a daughter . On tho 4 th , at Balbirnie , N . B ., the Lady Georgiana Balfour :

      a son . On tho 4 th , at No . 17 , Manchester-street , the wife of Profes Bor Ansted : a son . On the 6 th , at No . 1 , Lowndes-square , the wife of M . J . Hig ginH , Esq . : a daughter .

      MARRIAGES . On tho : 30 th of November , at tho parish church , Prcttlewell , Essex , John Paton , Esq ., C . E ., to Eliza Adlington , eldest daughter ofthe lato William Henry Porter , Esq ., Into of Wanstead , and nieeo of the lale G . It . Porter , Esq ., F . R . S . On the 2 nd of December , at Leoniinator , the Rev . Vernon George Guise , reelor of Longhope , Glouoe » terHhire , fourth son of General > Sir John Guise , Hart ., K . C . H ., & e ., of Itenricombparlc , in tho name county , 1 <> Mary Jiarriot , youngent dmiKhto . r of Robert Lano , Esq ., of tho JtyehindH , in the county of Hereford . On the . 2 nd , at . Sidbury , Devon , Thoinim Charles Darnell , Esq ., Eiff . y-fii-Ht Bengal N . I ., youngest son of tho Rev . JM . \ V . Darnell , " rector of . Stanhope , Durham , to Emily Jane , youngest daughter of JMajor Charles Kitz-Gerald , 1 L . . E . 1 . C . H ., of Mount . Kd ^ ar , near Kidnioiilh . On tho llli , at St . James ' s , Paddiiigfon , Robert . ] 'eel Floyd , Ksq ., third son of Major-General Sir Henry Floyd , Bart ., to Mary June , oidy ( laughter of llnnry Curow , Esq ., of Aynhford , Sidnioiith .

      On the 4 th , at St . Mnry'H , Putney , It . R . W . Lingen , Esq ., ( VHsinlant-secretary to tho Committee of I ' rivy Council on Education , to Kminu , second daughter of Robert Jlutton , Esq ., of I ' ul . ncy-piirl ; . On the 7 ( h , nt Harlcufon , Northampton , Cecil William Forester , Ijiclitc iiant-Colond Kill y-Nccond I te ^ inient , secoad hdii of tho lute Kev . P . Townsend l <' orcntei \ D . I ) ., to Henrietta Maria , third dinigliterof the late Admiral the lion . Sir Robert Hlopford , and widow of the lato Lord Henry RiishcII . On the Hlh , at Ht . Petor ' H Church , Kiitoii-Mquare , liyl . hu Hon . and Very Key . Henry Duvid Krnl ( inc , Dean of ltipou , John Henry Wyiidliani K ing , only mm of John King , of ( iroHvcnorplueo , and Coates-house , in the count y of Sussex , IOnq ., to Kniily THnrv , youngest , daughter of Lady l'lli / . abeth Dawisoa and tho lale Hon . Lionel DawMoa .

      DKATIIH . On tho liOlh of Hcptoinbor last , at Hierra Leono , from tho ¦ fleets of climate , John l . o ^ nn lloolf , ( Onq ., merchant of Hint colony , and his . Imperial Hra / . ilian IMnjcMty ' H Vir . o-CoiiMiil On Iho . 'tOth of November , at Cambridge ,, suddenly , by a fall from his horse , the Rev . ( Icorgo Ihwwm , M . A ., I'Vllow and Annislant-tutor of Christ ' s College , Cambridge , and lato Vieeprincipnl ' of the Collegiate Institution , Liverpool , in the twentyci f hlh yenr of bin age . On tho IhI . of December , ( it Hie Mull , Kensington Gravel-pits , in tho 2 < llh year of her a ^ o , Elvira , tlio wifo of John Cullcott . Hominy , JKmj . _ On tlio 1 st , n . t Conge pr £ « Lagny , Koinei-et-Mitriio , I ' ranco , M . Le Comto do Mandehiloli ,, formerly Minister Plenipotentiary from II . M . the King of Wurtomberg . On thMflh , at KIooi-h CiiMln , Heiijamin flliailowood , Knq . Jutn Lietitenimt-Colonel in h ,. MnjoHty'M ( hdiiadior ( JuardH , aged Hoveiity-Hovon .

      On thodth , middtiiily , at Mrighton , tho Hon . Mih . I ' crcgrino Cust . At Birmingham , of bronobitis , F . W . JN . JJnyley , E * q .

      \The Following Appeared In Our Second Je...

      \ The following appeared in our Second JEdition of last week . ~ \

      Ignstsrript

      Ignstsrript

      Saturday, December 4. Hebe Is The Bttdge...

      Saturday , December 4 . Hebe is the Bttdget at last . Mr . Disraeli , with great courage , has grappled with the subject , and though some may be disappointed , yet , on the whole , it is well worth attention . He spoke for five hours and a half . A correspondent says of the Budget : — " It loots like a very high bid for popularity , but it is neither scientific nor safely empirical . It is , I think ( until I know it more exactly , ) a Budget of transition . It has struck a severe blow at indirect taxation , without establishing another principle in its place . "

      In The House Of Commons, Last Night, In ...

      In the House of Commons , last night , in a Committee of Supply , the Chancexxob of the Exchequer made his financial statement , which he reminded the House , was presented under peculiar circumstances , and he hoped , therefore , that if he deviated from the usual course , it would be attributed to no other motive than a desire to convey promptly to the House the views of Heb Majesty ' s Government upon matters of great importance , and the only favour he asked was that the House would not precipitately decide on the propositions he should make , but would consider them as a whole . After unrestricted competition had been unreservedly adopted as the principle of our commercial code , he observed , all well-founded causes of discontent could be

      removed only by enlisting the sympathy of all classes ; but he would , he said , first consider the claims of those who thought they had received peculiar injury from recent legislation , and whether their claims and complaints were j ust . The great interests which had been peculiarly affected by the recent changes in the law were the shipping interest , the sugar-producing interest , and the agricultural interest . "With regard to the first , the Government were of opinion , that the shipping interest was at this moment subject to burdens to which ifc ought not to be liable , and to restriction § which impeded its prosperity ; and they proposed to confine the light-dues paid by shipping to those from , which ships really derived benefit . This relief would cost the

      country about 100 , 000 ? . a-year . They proposed likewise that if a man quitted his ship in order to enter the Royal IN avy , he should not receive his wages until the rest of the crew were paid . With respect to pilotage , manning , and stamps , no immediate relief was contemplated . With regard to the sugar-producing colonies , however great might have been their sufferings from past legislation , the question was what , in the present state of affairs , Parl iament could justly do for them . They claimed—first , the arrest of the descent of the duties on foreign sugar ; secondly , the reduction of the duty upon British plantation sugar ; thirdly , a guarantee of additional loans for emigration and improvement ; fourthly , the permission to refine bonded

      sugar ; fifthly , the permission to use molasses in British breweries ; and , sixthly , the equalization of the duties on rum and British spirits . With reference to the iirst two claims , he showed , from the increasing imports of British sugar , and the decrease of thoso of foreign sugar , that there was no cane that would justify the Government , after the principle of unrestricted competition had been allirmed , in asking Parliament for protection towards an interest that was successfully competing with its . rivals . AVith respect to the guarantee of fresh loanH , tho Government , for reasons which lie stated , did not feel justified in making such a proposition to . Parliament . 1 . he refining of sugar in bonded refineries had received the fullest

      consideration of the Government , and they wore prepared to concede ( he boon . Tho two remaining propositions were connected with the general revenue of the country . The burdens of tho agrieuRuriil interest consisted in local taxation , and it bad been shown by M r . C Lewis , that , as fair ais principle was concerned , it could nod 1 ) 0 contested that , whereas ( lie support of tlio poor whs a general obligation , it was nod sustained by tho general property of tho country , and I he agricultural interest felt that ; they mi / fered injustice from the incidence of this taxation , which wan composed of three principal rules — the highway rate , the county-rate , and the poorrate . With reference to the first , a bill would be brought in , which , be thought , would have a beneficial effect , in bolh an administrative and a financial view . . In regard to tho eouiify-rato , tlio amount was only ( 500 , 000 / ., amd bo was not prepared to recommend a change . In regard to tlio poor-rate , bo bad not altered his opinion , but , a great change had taken place since 1 H 4 !) , when tho amount of expenditure on account , of the poor was i £ f > per cent , higher Mum it wan at , present . The incidence of this tax being ho much Ichh severe , and believing that the ineawireH lie was about , to propose would tend greatly to HHniNd those who bad been subjected to very sevens treatment ,, ho was not prepared to recommend any change whatever in the system of raising the local taxation of the conn try . Ilonow approached , hoHnid , a more important topic — the general taxation , viewing it under the new circumstances in which all agreed to place it . Hit had to connicler that general system , after tlio Holomn verdict of the country , applying to it tho principle of unrestricted compel it ion , and what were tlio measures to bo recommended to Parliament , now that that , principle bad been finally established , to enable the community to encounter the competition which they muni , bo proporod to meet ? This ooulu only bo done by cheapening

      as much as possible those articles which sustained life an ( i if he found any ' article of prime necessit y subject tc > Wv taxation , its maintenance would be inconsistent with nZ new system The House , therefore , would not be surprised to hear that her Majesty ' s Government were preparedt / recommend ifc to deal with the malt tax , and thev did ™ on no other plea than the interests of the consumer at the same rtime he had never disguised his opinion thnf there was no tax which could be dealt with by Parliament with more advantage to agriculture . The question of the repeal of the malt tax had assumed a different aspect sin ™ tho repeal of the corn laws , for there could be no doubt that the tendency of our recent legislation had been to diminish the production of wheat , by limiting its cultivation to soils eminently and naturally qualified for it . 1 ^ what manner , mode , or degree , ought this tax to be dealt

      with ? If in a small manner , none of the objects aimed at might probably be accomplished ; and the Government had thought it their duty to recommend the reduction of the malt tax by one-half , levying it on malt from barley here , and bigg , and doing away with the malt drawback in Scotland upon spirits made from malt . The alteration would take place on the 10 th of October next , when the stock on hand would be taken throughout the country upon which a drawback would be allowed to the holders There was another article , he observed , as much a necessary of life as malt , and subject to a much heavier tax , and he next recommended the House to deal with the tea duties

      It had been argued , in objection to such a proposition that the article was one of limited production ; but its importation , which was constantly increasing , had reached the amount of 71 , 000 , 0001 b ., our consumption , which was checked by the duty , being only 64 , 000 , 0001 b . In dealing with this subject , the Government , after a laborious investigation , had arrived at the conclusion that there could be no prospect of any want of supply of tea , while it was impossible to shut their eyes to the fact of tho impulse given to consumption in the case of sugar by a reduction of duty . They were of opinion that it would be vain to make any difference between black

      and green teas , or in respect to the quality of either , They proposed to reduce the present duty of 2 s . 2 \ d . per pound to Is . per pound , and that the reduction should take place during the term of six years , beginning with a reduction of 4 \ d . per pound the first year ( which would make the duty Is . 10 d . ) , and diminishing it 2 d . per pound each year until the duty reached Is . There was another dut y with which he intended to deal , namely , that oh hops , which he proposed to reduce one-half . Our revenue was based , upon the consuming power of the people , and he had been told

      that this power was becoming rapidly impaired ; but he had no evidence that the consuming power of the people was diminishing . No doubt the returns showed that emigration was to a greater amount than was counterbalanced by the births in England and Wales ; but the ^ onsiuning power did not depend upon the number of the " people , but upon their condition . By the measures he had mentioned there would be a reduction of revenue to the amount of between 3 . 0 OO , 0 OOZ . and 4 , 000 , 000 Z . But he must remind the House that in a few months one of the principal

      sources of our revenuo would terminate ; and if they supported tho Government propositions , they must bo prepared to deal with the consequences of these remissions of duty , and with the expiry of a tax yielding moro than 5 , OOO , O 00 Z . yearly—the Property and Income tax . He reminded tho House of tho remark ho had made in the last Parliament , —that direct taxation could not rest upon a system of exemptions . Tho interval had not changed or modified this opinion ; ho still said , if we are to have recourse to direct taxation , it should bo as general as indirect taxation , and that a permanent system of direct taxation founded upon a largo system of exemptions was most ; pernicious . In applying this doctrine to the Incomeand P ty Taxthere was one exemption ho was bound

      roper , to notice , —namely , Ireland . When Sir It . Peel , in 184 . , , first introduced this tax , he exempted Ireland , upon tho ground that she contributed in another form , in duties ot an amount equivalent to tho tax , which duties , however had sinccs been repealed or had fallen oft ' . It was impossib o to bo insensible of what Ireland had gone through ; but she was not , now without , a ray of hope ; her Poor Law cxpcndituro had diminished from 1 , 320 , 000 / . in 18 f » 0 , to Bfifi . OCKM . in 1852 . He did not think it wise to tread Ireland with harshness , and say " You shall pay your quota ; ho cliu not think it expedient to throw any obstacle in tho way oi her regeneration ; bud bo still thought it Ins duty to extend the Income Tax to funded properly and salaries in to in is

      Ireland . There was another principle with regard tax to which the Government was prepared to aiHNeninamely , distinguishing between permanent , and procaiioin * incomes . Viewing the tax , therefore , with relereneo to tl , eno two principles namely , first , that , in constructing ^ a direct , tax , it should bo as eneral as an indirect tax , » um j " established upon a system of exemptions ; and secondly , ina - a diderenco should bo recognised between rcMilissod ami piccario . iH incomes , bo would now state the rate ot ( udy whiou tho Government , proposed to recommend . 1 was their intention to propose any iuoreuHo in any <> 1 H > o hci - - dulcH . They recommended lb . it , on all induHtrm ineom * tho point ( . ) ' exemption should be limited to . 10 )/ . » i-y < ' . and on incomes arisiiiL' from property to MH- ai-y < , hh

      that the rale on Schedule * A and C h 1 .. » u 1 « 1 be , Im . o ., Id . in the pound ; in H , l > , and K , r >\ d . Tho ^ .. mount «» calculated to receive under the schedule * ™ " f K ' , ' the reduction of the exemptions bo took ad 4 ( K , < K > / ., adding II .., modest nun . of 00 , 000 * . for Ireland , , 1 m loUj amount of this tax would be M 21 , < MM >/ . It wo I : d > 1 J duty to lay before the House a supp lementary oh j " ^ ' "J expenditure for our national defences , wb . ch 1 .,. ul n « J . » £ wllalovor to do with peace or war , and ^^ " ^ iSl tivo of any external circumstances . I b s ol jwj w lead to an expenditure in the next . year oi M , < KK . ^ now approached the Ways and M jjanH bjr w H . I U < ^ nution of revenue m . ff lit bo . net . I ho "J ' ' ., '' ihllt ,., „ , „* wan extremely favourable . Ho bad mil ulaH I «" would bo ai diminution in tho ( JubIoiuh ol about 100 , < JWt .,

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 11, 1852, page 10, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_11121852/page/10/