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    ^w. THiRf liE ADEiB/. ; [No. 32^Sat0hd^t...

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    Imperial Parliament. ¦ ¦¦' • ¦ ¦¦ —?—Mon...

    ijfiir GBOBOSeGmor aaidyiln anbwer . it » . Mr « Mamwt * x that there are sev * ral schemes , in the last jcaport « fj thai IGharity Cooimis ^ oneM , with ^ peot . to iWjw Hj ; fdteLj He hoped shortly to introduce - a- bill hm » tne , ^^ £ ^*^ tCTtoif , mentionedthat no reply had yefc lb ? » ? ft ™ ftaSthe UnitedStates as to , the offer madaby the Eng-SScSremmemV to refer the questions connected with ^^ d ASScan aflkim to arbitration . The honourable Stonet having , asked hia opinion as to the propriety ^ ilfcerinff upon ^ he . diacusdon of these . questto >» mAe pr ^ nt state of the correspondence , his ( Lord *»*»« - SES ) cJmSction . was that the better course wouldbe to « h 8 ta 4 in the mean time from such discussion . —Sir Ed-SSTBra ^ wsBLraroir thereupon postponed the mo-5 Sof which he hadgiven notice till after , the

    approach-^ ftenlvuW t * a question by Mr . Wise , Lord Palmbrston stated tha ^ although an-. offer had been . made for a further revision ; of the tariff with respect to the exportatiott of grain and pnlse from . Turkey , it was not thought desirable to proceed-with it while prices were artificially raised by temporary « ircnmstances . The hon . gentleman waabtoo well informed to require him to say what those circumstances were . As to the Danubian Provinces , they eegulated their own customs duties . There was no other duty upon exports from these provinces except three per cent .: - The \ nine , . per cent- , duty did not apply to ; them . -Mr . Roebuck asked , in consequence of reports ; which were : abroad , whether the Turkish Government had made any offer- to do away with the internal fl i >> . i f « f on goodp .- ^* iLiord ! : Pa & mbbot © n said ihe -vraa' not dWare of any offer except the one to which he had referred . : ¦ ' :

    ; . MISCELLANEOUS BUSINESS . ' On the order for going into committee upon the Fire Insurance Bill , a ¦ short discussion arose ; which ended in : £ he committal of . the hill prajbrma only . ¦ The Dissenters' Marbiaoes Bill passed through committee . ¦ - ; - <¦ ¦ ¦ . - ¦ ¦¦ . The remaining orders and business having been disposed of , the House adjourned at two o ' clock .

    - ¦ :.-. Tuesday , May 6 th . > : ' CK > UNTY COURTS ACT AMENDMENT BILL . ; : In the House ov' Lords , ' the I ^ kt > Cjl ^ cell ' or moved the' second' reading of tbW County Courts Act Amendment BiU . "The measure remedies' the defects in the present act , pointed out in the report oftheCommissroners . It is ^ ptopbited to pay tbe'salaries of th ' e County CourtJudges , and provide DuAldings out' of tne Consolidated Fund ; by this ' plan only half the amount now raised in fees ( 27 $ 5 O . 0 Oi ) will in future be levied in that manner . The salaries of . the Judges are to be fixed at

    1200 £ per annum , t he Lorcf Chancellor considering that amount sufficient ; but those now receiving 15 , 00 / . are to have that amount secured to fhein . , ; actions may be , as now , brought in the County Courta' without liroitaijionofthe amounts sued for , but def & dantsare to have the power of stopping the action and removing it ( to a superior court ; if a party , does not there recover 20 / . damages , he is n ; ot , to . be allowed costs . The Lord Chancellor proposed tjiat the House should go into commuter on the bUV after ' the hol ^^ , . ,, " . . After , a brief " discussion , 'in which the law Lords took part , the bill was read a second time .

    CHANCERY REFORM ACTS . . i . . Lord St . Leonard ' s made an explanatory statement with respect to these acts , the object of which was to abolish the Masters in Chancery . , TThp late Lord Truro had obtained the credit qf those bill *; but they had bepnab-awnupj by himself , and passed during the admini ^ tra ^ i pn of Lord perb , y- . ¦ ¦ ^ ThVHouse then adjourned , , . ' . ,. i TEB APJOUBNH 1 > DEBATES OK THB'TRBATt OS I » EACB » I , , i Mr . W . S . XjkimulY resumed tho debate by expressing his entire satisfaction -with the terms of the peace , by which more was attained than : he had expected at the commencement of the war . Lord Palmerston had greatly distinguished himself in his conduct of hostilities . —Mr . Rqbxbt Phujlxmorsv who had- given notice of an amendment expressing the regret of the House that the

    law with respect to neutrals should have been altered without the previous sanction of Parliament , dilated on the impropriety of the sacrifice which' had been made . The . people had been kept in ignorance of this . important change , and the House had had no opportunity of onlightening thorn , i—Mr . Bentinck expressed similar opinlona . ? - * -The Marquis of Granby spoke in favour of the Treaty which had been just concluded , and was followed , on the same side by Mr . Sidney Herbert , who thought we . should not have been justified ; in continuing tha ^ war merely foe the cake of gaining ? greater successes . £ Jta 4 e ^ tihe-fall < of Sebastopol , moreover , ' further military IHynna were improbable . Jihiiionlyn exception he made GfeMajaaitUtactiaa' with : the . peace negotiations was with ¦ Mpfeftrtojba dlMmaaion ; im the protocols of the > dOmetdc affiMu ^ lAiliidWLdjaot representad at the ; Con gress , . This h * JOn > kWlifi « i > m paimr . J ^ vi ^ , TiTijM ^ i jo , i ' ; ... iv i , . f- M > ilTtnillWniiminni 1 irmrtitin-iitn tlin mihilnrt Innt tnuflhed

    on by Mr . Herbert , made some singnlan obftervatibna on ^• ityrvaorMt tfa ^ BoMMMOi Catholic p rie s ^ ion . the Contl-MA ^ timdirltsked }^ ' Botrido jptm pn ^ b » A to > remed ) r :, thi « Uttf of things ? Are the protocols to be pieces of waste

    paper . and ; are we atijl todo nothing ? I say theremedy iT to be found in your , refcraciog your letepa I ; havei always-opposed ^ --not'reform *—hutJBform- in the mouthai of Whigs and Radicals , because they never meant reform which went ; back to first principles ; they merely sought the destruction of every thing whioh had been before , and thft construction of new and unheard-of things . These things I oppose . For reform which-went back . to . first principles I have ever contended ; and : that , I believe , haa been utterly inexplicable toxnost people who cannot understand what I am at . ( A la / ugh . ") I will give an example of what I mean . Make the-whole Church go back to first principles , and put down priesthood under the civil law . < Hear , ' and a lavghS ) The special

    command to the Romans was ^ ' Obey the powers that be . ' I do not know when the priesthood first began to usurp the right of the laity by electing deacons , but I know that from that moment to this the cause of nearly every religious persecution ,: every religious war , lies at the door of the clergy . ( Question /) I do not confine that remark to any one class or country ; but I say that , wherever I see that class , I see the sprouting out of the same thing . ( Laughter . ) The soil of Italy is luxuriant , and there it appears in great profusion . In Scotland , there it is . Some three . hundred years ago , that soil was very prolific , and it bore very good fruit . ( Laughter . ) I confess that , barring climate * and other circumstances , which qualify the matter in > some-degree ,.. I do notisee

    any vast difference in what is called ^ he synodioal movement . I see the laity everywhere treated as ecclesiastical nonentities . It is a fundamental principle of Italian law that na ecclesiastic shall be tried by the civil power . This is the secret of all your troubles in Ireland . ( Hear , hear . ) Xhave confined myself to this question , which is a thing of the future ; the Treaty belongs to the past , and I never hunt a dead hare . I look to the future , which is practical , and I hope the Government will not think their work is done because the peace is published and laid upon the tables I am glad that the noble lord at the head of the Government has no grouse-shooting or . deer-stalking to attend to ^— ( a laugh )—and I hope that he will assist the Powers with which this country is united in putting down the ecclesiastical power

    throughout Europe . ( Loud laughter . ) You may rely upon it , it has been the secret of all the corruptions in Christendom , from its earliest hours to the presen ^ day . Christendom has been completely upside down . '' * tTie laity has been under t & e clergy , instead of' the cietgy being under the laity . ( A lattgh . ) The h ' oh . and learrieid gentleman ( Mr . Bowyer ) never heard that before : I recommend him to study the matter , and he will find this throughout the canon law , and I have the authorities here if he wants them . ( Laughter . ) He will not deny that it is a principle of their law , as of the Koran , to persecute every one who differs from them . You cannot take that away from them ; it is a point of conscience , and you cannot take away a point of conscience ; but I ask you to take away their power of using it . " ( Hear , hear'J )

    Mr . Bowyer replied to the observations of Mr . Drummond , and expressed surprise at Bis criticisms on priests , ds , according to report , heis himsfelf a priest , and'something more , in his own Communion . The ' observations on the state of Italy made by Lord Jbhn Russell and Mr . Layard Were calculated to encourage the agxtitt ^ tions of the revolutionary party . In attempting to improve Turkey , ] this country . was merely galvanizing a corpse j but we had punished " the great enemy of the Church of Rome , the Emperor . of Russia— 'him -who was the persecutor of the ; Roman Catholic Church . We had dona our'task- ^—we had performed our duty as instruments in the hands of Divine Providence . "

    Mr . Cabdwell , in answer to Mr . Phillimore ' s objections tothe alterations in the maritime laws * contended that , the concession was made , not to RuBsia , nor to Krance , but . to the universal interests of humanity , and to a ifueling of justice towards , neutrals . And ; even allowing that a sacrifice had been made on our part , the stipulation with respect to privateering was ample compensation . —Mr . Seymour Fitzgeralj > complained that liberty has been left to Russia to possess an unlimited number of , transports and gunboats , which might carry a large force from the Sea of Azof , or even from Sebastopol , to Constantinople . —Mr . Milneb Gibson feared the stipulation for tho abolition of privateering would not bo adopted by the United States unless the principle were carried further , and robbery of merchant-vessels by ships of war on tho high sens wore done away with .

    The immunities lately granted by the Sultan to tho Christians bad no doubt been extorted from him ; and what guarantees had wo that those concessions would not be broken as those of 1839 had been ? Tho policy of binding this country to guarantee tho independence and integrity of Turkey might be disputed : it -would very possibly lead . to our . driving tho Christian population to'Russia for protection . Ho was also opposed on principle to tho suggestions which had been made At the Conferences a » to interfering to * scouro ' the ¦ liberties of tue ^ taliaas and Greeks . Forwarding tho cause of liberty in our own country would do more ! for ttho ' samo cause abroad < than any amount of intervention ;— -Mr . Wnrrrcoxxtaa observed that there Were point * connector * rfcrith the Treaty and the protocols—such-as Circaasia and the press-of Belgium and ItMy- ^ wliich could not bo dispoaed of by An . lncidehtal > idiacu 0 aiunY and ' he reflorwed the right of debating them hereafter .

    Mr , Gladstone iregarded -the peace as honourable and satisfactory , and reminded Mr . Gibson that we are not bound , asjhe supposed , to maintain the internal institutions of Turkey , but merely to protect her : from foreign aggression . The war had been a moral i demonstration against Russia , teaching her that her , aggressions would be resisted by the most powerful nations of Europe . The neutralization of the Black Sea he thought not free from pitfalls ; and ; he should have been 'glad if the Danubian Principalities had been brought to a greater state of freedom ,, and had received " a more substantive and independent existence . " The new maritime regulations were of . the utmost importance . As respected the proposal to submit international differences hereafter to .. .......... . - .. — - - .. g » mw

    arbitration , he confessed he looked upon that as a very great triumph indeed . ( € heers . ) ¦ It was the first time that the . assembled representatives of the principal nations of Europe had given Sympathetic utterance to sentiments of that kind , which placed at least a qualified brand of disapproval on the resort to war , which asserted , at least in a qualified form , the supremacy of reason , justice , humanity , and religion , and which did this , not in . the shape of a mere ' abstraction , but laid it down as a duty ( not to be departed from , unless on the highest considerations of state policy ) that , before the hand is . laid upon the : sword , . means for establishing peace shall be resorted to . ( Cheers . ) Yet he must utter one caution . It appeared to him that a danger might

    arise from a system of 'arbitration . It was a danger easily avoidable , and therefore he wished to refer to it now . It was quite evident that if , by establishing a system of arbitration , instead of a . resort to arms in the -first instance , they gave an encouragement to trumping up untenable claims and bad cases , as matters of diplomatic contention among nations , they might end by making more quarrels than they averted . He held that no country ought to resort to arbitration till it had reduced its own claim to the minimum , and fit to be supported by arbitration ; and then arbitration would become a powerful engine on behalf of humanity . The subject of Count Walewski ' s suggestions With respect to curbing the freedom of the Belgian press , imperatively called for attention in England , " the great fortress of human freedom , " more * especially as the Belgian laws with respect to the press , in ¦ connexion , with foreign

    governments , offer peculiar facilities for the prosecution of offenders—^ greater , even , than are offered by England . . Mr . Hadfield moved the adjournment of the debate . —Lord Paxmerston , not being aware of the motion for adjournment , was about to address the House ; but , upon being informed of'it , he expressed a hope that Mr . Hadfield would withdraw his motion . —Mr . Hadfield again rose , and having withdrawn his motion , moved the amendment of which he had given notice , namely , to insert the following between the third and fourth paragraphs of the motion : — "To-express our hope that her Majesty will avail herself of the friendly sentiments now happily existing between her Majesty and the other high contracting Powers to negotiate in favour of commerce , not only to . advance the common interests of all , but likewise to make the peace permanent . "

    Lord Palmerston observed that it was satisfactory to the Government , that however various the opinions -which had been-expressed by different members of the House as to the different subjects under discussion , nobody had felt such a strong objection to the Address as to p lace it in the form of an amendment on which he was desirous to take the sense of the House . For himself , he was surprised that Lord John Manners should have admitted that the Treaty had accomplished tho objects of the war in regard to European Turkey , and yet should hnvc characterized certain proceedings of tho Government ns baso and dishonourable . If this were so , ' ho ought to have called for tho opinion of the House upon an amended Address . Tho noble lord had asserted that considerable danger would result from the Russians being allowed to rebuild certain forts on the eastern coast of

    the Black Sea , and from thft independence of Oncnssia not being stipulated for . Why , then , did ho not move that the war ought to have been continued till thoso objects had- been accomplished ? But the noble lord knew too -well the feeling of tho House and of the country to stake his reputation on such a proposition . The House would no doubt declare by a Inrge majority that the terms of Peace nro fmtiflfnetory , and the nation has already satisfied itself that tho objects of tho war have been accomplished . -Ah regards Nicholaieff , it was quite impossible that wo could * equire its destruction ; such a demand would have been treated with scorn by any Power thnt had the least respect for itself . u Tho country would not liavo been

    natisfied at such a course ; and it muat bo perfectly plain that , if Nicholaieff were destroyed , it would bo possil > lo for Russia to establish another Nicliolaieff juwt na available for her purposes . ! . The assurance givon with regard to Nicholaieff ought , to bo entiofuctory to the TIoua « >\" tho country , if wo ^ aro to place any faith in treaties . ( Hear , hear . ) But ' some ' hon , gentlemen aro not quit " satisfied that tho engagements of Russia that no naval arsenal ahull bo kojJt up in the Black Sea do not extend to her fortifications in tho Black- Son . '' 'Now , these £ "" - demon must forget thnt ft largto portion of thnt const belongs to Turkey ad Wull « w » to ltassia , and wo Hhoulfl have been acting an unfriendly part toward *) Turkey if

    ^W. Thirf Lie Adeib/. ; [No. 32^Sat0hd^T...

    ^ w . THiRf liE ADEiB / . ; [ No . 32 ^ Sat 0 hd ^ t , 4 Hn " ** . -- ¦¦ . * . "' J J . r" . ^_^^^^_—^^— . ^ - ^ ^——^»^^^^—^»« " ^^^^^^^^^ b—¦—¦ - —i—^ -r i ii i ¦ j ij Li ^—

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), May 10, 1856, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_10051856/page/4/