On this page

• Text (2)

  Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

  • 

    October 8, 1853.] THE LEA DEB. M5

  • 

    CONTINENTAL NOTES. Thb Moniteur has publ...

• Transcript

  • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

    Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

    Letters From Paris. [From Our Own Corbuh...

    cortege through the centre of Paris , as is habitually done , it -was conducted through the lonely outer etreets of the capital . As , however , it had to . pass through the Place de la Bastille , the circulation was closed there , as also in the neighbourhood of the cemetery of Pere la Chaise . Notwithstanding all these precautions , an enormous crowd presented itself to join in the procession . Not being permitted to follow the cortege directly , fit was

    lain to follow it at a distance . This extraordinary excess of preventive arrangements appeared to everybody a sign of the fears of the Government . A very general impression prevailed in the crowd that this regime would get through the coming ¦ w inter with difficulty , and that vrhen ^ he population of Paris , aroused by hunger or by the want of work , should be stirred up to one of those

    terrible fits of passion which sometimes seize a gjople , it would rise like one man , and sweep onapartism from its path . Already a deep discontent is seething among the working men . They are flocking in from the provinces ^ lured by the cheaper bread , and are competing with their fellow workmen for subsistence . Wages are beginning to fall . Moreover , the run of work is slackening sensibly , consumption is falling off , the prospect ' of a . crisis makes the rich cautious , and the shops empty . Workshops are closing here and there . Abroad and at home there is cause enough for the terrors of the Bourse . S .

    October 8, 1853.] The Lea Deb. M5

    October 8 , 1853 . ] THE LEA DEB . M 5

    Continental Notes. Thb Moniteur Has Publ...

    CONTINENTAL NOTES . Thb Moniteur has published three decrees of commercial importance this week . The suppression of the surcharge upon corn and flour imported in foreign bottoms , and the reductions in the import duties on corn , flour , and divers other alimentary substances , are prolonged to July 31 , 1854 . A second decree , prohibiting until July 31 , 1854 , the exportation of potatoes and dry vegetables ' from France , will have a direct bearing upon England , for it appears that within the last month potatoes have been exported to Great Britain on a large seal © from all the principal ports of the Channel . A third decree allows corn , flour , and dried pulse to be conveyed , until the 31 st Dec , 3853 , between France and Algeria , in foreign bottoms , exempt of" all duty . - France has lost this week two of her most illustrious men

    of science . Francois Arago died on Sunday last , after a painful and lingering illness , aged 69 . His funeral took place on Wednesday , and though it waa a pouring rain , the last respects were paid to the deceased patriot by more than 3000 ol' his countrymen . The Government itself , though Arago had steadily refused to take the oath » of allegiance to the Emperor , did itself the honour to be represented in the procession by Marshal Vaillant and the Minister of Marine . A groat many of Arago ' s political friends , his companions in science , the Institute , the Polytechnic school , and a largo body of working men , followed the bod y to tho grave . The army wns represented by a brigade of infantry . Francois Arago ' s youth was full of adventure and excitement in pursuit of science , to which his devotion was itulcfatigablo and

    intense , eveu in -his early years . He was particularly distinguished b y ' tho Kmperor Napoleon , and was admitted a Member of the Academy of Sciences at tho age of 23 . In 1 ( 430 ho was drawn into tho political world by tho revolution , which engaged tho best hearts and minds of Franco in its service . He took his placo at tho extreme loft , by tho side of Lafitte and Dupont < le L'Kuro , and conscientiously opposed the dynasty of July , speaking with great authority and power on many administrative questions , und in 1840 , advocating un extension of ihe suffrage . In 1818 ho was carri e d by acclamation to a post in tho Provisional Government , to which ho lout dignity by his sincere and proved republican convictions . In tho mysterious insurrection of

    Juno , Arago inarched , with hin regiment of National Guards , to attack the barricades of tho 12 th arrondissoment , whoro his name liad always been popular among tho working men . Iho reaction consequent upon that untoward insurrection , tho rapid decliuo of tho republic , the oloction of Louis Bonapnrto to tho Presidency , and the covpd ' tHut m 1851 , profoundly saddened Arago ' s political convictions , and though his republican constancy never faltered , hin countenance betrayed tho traces of extreme discouragement . He had novor spoken in tho Nutionnl Assembl y after tho insurrection of Juno , 1861 . No doubt he repented with some bitterness , like Lafitte , having been drawn from tho tranquil and lofty pursuit * of science into tho political turmoil .

    Since December , 1851 , he lias returned exclusivel y , with the serene and austere eourngo that always distinguished iuni , to his pottt at tho Observatory , which the Government of Louis Nupoleon ponuiltcd him to retain in spite of his refusal to take the oaths of ulleginuco . Indeed n ,, t even tho <« overnmenfof the S .- . eond of December would huvo vontured to outrage tho national prido hy removing Arugo from the post he held to the glory of Franco , and to the udmirutioit of A ' iiiropo . FruH ^ oin Arago was a distinguished member of all tho scientific societies of Europe , rind hin own researches Weio enriched with valuable discoveries . Even when enfeebled by illiHiss ho never censed U > work , and the hint week <>« his lilb found his vnst intelli gence absorbed in arduous Problems . He may be uiid to have died on the battle-field oflns glorious labours ; a ^ atriot , a philosopher , an inflexibly nouest , man . It was tho admirable privilege of his genius to domoci-Atizo science ; and thus he fulfilled in a double n » d glorious stiiino , the task of his life mid of his « g « . Every oluas of the population wiw repreaente < l nt Ins luiunwl . The proco » sion took more than an hour and a half

    to defile before the church of St . Jacques de Haut Pas Three regiments commanded by two generals of brigade , an at the head of the staff , General Courant , Commandant de la Place tot Paris , and the 18 th battalion of the National Guard ¦ were in the procession . Prince Napoleon Jerome was represented by his chief aide-de-camp . The pall was borne by M Biot , the celebrated savant , and comrade of Arago ' s youth ; M . Goudchaux , sometime member of the Provisional Government , by a pupil of the Polytechnic school , and . by a working man . The attendance of working men

    was numerous ; many bore black immortellct in their hands . All the sections of the Institute were represented . Among the political friends of the deceased were MM . Berryer , Bastide , Guinard , Chai-les Lesseps , Cavaignac , Vaulabelle , < fec . < fcc . The Press was also represented : and among the foreigners of distinction was remarked Manin , sometime President of the Venetian Republic , accompanied by several Italian refugees . The chief mourners were his two sons , Emmanuel and Alfred , and his brother Jacques , who is blind . His second brother , Etienne , is a proscribed exile in Jersey .

    Another loss to the Academy of Sciences is the death of Auguste St . Hilaive ( son of Geoffrey St . Hilaire ) , the botanist , at the age of 74 . The Paris correspondent of The Time * says— " The French and English Governments have each addressed a note ( termed here a manifesto ) to the Russian Government on the non-acceptance of the Turkish modifications . These notes are said to be couched in decided terms , and reply very forcibly to the last note of M . de Nesselrode . It is intimated that England and France are united in their resolve to maintain the sovereignty of the Sultan and the integrity

    of his- * empire . " He adds : — "What . I mentioned yesterday about the probability of an Anglo-French expeditionary force to Turkey has been repeated in another quarter this day , and in nearly the same manner I have already described . The particular position it would occupy is not specified , further than that it would be somewhere near the line of the Balkan , but whether to the north or south of that chain is not said . Rodosto , on the sea of Marmora , wa « spoken of yesterday—to-day , Routschouk , on the Danube , is mentioned- All I can at present 883- is , that my informant is in a position to be himself well-informed ; and this day lie speaks of it as a project actually decided upon . "

    A 3 regards this latter statement , the correspondent of the Chronicle says : — "The 30 , 000 men , whom I in formed you the French Government have decided to hold in readiness to send to Constantinople , are to be composed of J 0 , 000 men from the troops in Algeria , and the rest from the home troops , principally those who were lately at the camp of Helfaut . The number which England is to furnish in her turn will not be , it is said more than 10 , 000 , who are to be embarked at several of the Channel ports . ' * The Paris correpondent of tho Chronicle states , " on good authority , " that a despatch had been sent to General Guyon , the French general on a military mission a . t Olnmtz , forbidding him to proceed to Warsaw , to which place he had been invited by the Emperor of Russia .

    A chapel for the celebration of the rites , of the Greek church has been opened at Paris . Hitherto the Greeks in Paris had to frequent the chapel of the Russian Embassy , hut the Ottoman Ambassador has noiv got the snnction of tha French Government to the establishment of a chapel for the Ottoman subjects ol the Greek creed , and for all Greeks not subject to Russia . During his visit to Boulogne the Emperor presented tho military medal to the gendarme who arrested him in 1810 . His Majesty , while giving it , said lo the persons near him " I admire men who obey their chiefs . " The Emperor likewise sent <> 00 f . to a coast-guard who had aimed his musket at him on his lauding on the same occasion . Tho Bunk of Paris h ; is raised thu rate of discount from three to four per cent .

    We have no positive news of tho declaration of war by the Sultan . On the 2 /> th of September the Divan met , and unanimously decided that tho Vienna Noto should be rejected . On the following day , at a second council , the Divan decided that conciliation was exhausted , and proceeded to draw up 11 formal declaration of war , mid to determine the final preparations for commencing hostilities . On tho 27 th the Grand Council , composed of 120 of the chief men of the empire , went in a bodv to tho Sultan , and demanded of him tho declaration of war . All this is certain . Further reports state ( hat the Sultan , in spite of the Ambassadors , had then published a declaration of war ; but these reports are not , as wo write , positively confirmed ; we may expect their confirmation from hour to hour . Tho number of foreign vessels in the Bosphorus is stated at six English , 0110 Sardinian , one Neapolitan , one Austrian , 0110 Prussian , and four French war stoinnora .

    Envoys from Circimia had arrived at Constantinople , with tho mission , it is said of asking aid against Russia in the , Caucasus . Tho Emperor of Russia , in his progress , gets up religious enthusiasm in the usual style . From the Russian Journal wo havo a full description of the performance at Moscow . "On the l'llh in . st ., at 10 o ' clock in the morning , His Imperial Muju . sty the Kight Pious Lord and Emperor Nicholas Puulowitsoh , with his son , Ihe Orthodox Lord ( irand Duke Nicholas Nieojiyowitseh , under peals ol' boll-hammering , performed his . p ilgrimage over the Kreinel to the Uhuenski Sobor , through tho midst ofden . se musses of people . The Emperor was received by tho Metropolitan of Moscow ,

    Phil . nol , mid welcomed in tho following words : — "Right Pious Kinpeior ! Everything undue Heaven hus iis time , say . s tho wi . se man . The Orthodox Church ban ever voeognised in Ihee its defender ; but most especiall y does the present timo look on then as such . For her snnctuarv in the east , for the safety and peace of our brethren in religion , hast then risen up with tho sword thai , in mighty by means of the Imperial word . " This wan followed by tho kissing of the cross , thu sprinkling it with holy water , and private prayer , nflur which the holy pictures and relies were kissed again . Tlie Emperor and his nuito then lelt ( he Sobor , with the croMR curried before him . A similar demonstration took placo at Warsaw . Lottery jrom St . Petersburg , of tho JJlth ult ., announce

    that the Russian Baltic fleet had received orders to return to ~™ nltaclt > an < 1 hoW itsolf atthe disposalof the Government Ihe Russian cavalry ( corps de Danube ) has been withdrawn to a distance of two marches from the banks of the " Danube , and has been replaced . by Cossacks and by infantry . 1 his change has been induced b y the desertion taking place from the former corps . U p to the present time four corps have passed the Pruth . These corps are respectively commanded by tha Generals Danenburg , Paniutin , Osten Saien , and Luders . 160 , 000 men ( four corps of 40 , 000 ) should now , therefore , be under their command ; nevertheless , those best informed assert that their entire force does not exceed 100 , 000 men , those corps wanting yet fully one-third of their present complement .

    The Hungarian , Martin Kossta , left Smyrna on the 28 rd , for the United States , with the consent of " the Austrian Government . It is said that the Conferences at Olmiitz dueussed the question of political refugees , and the conduct to be preserved towards the United States in disputed- cases of naturalization of European "subjects . " The Austrian Lloyd ' s states that the vesolve of the Divan on the resolution of the Grand Council was a n " eventual " declaration of war . Austria is about to raise two loans "by lottery . " For one foreigners are allowed to furnish the mo ney ; natives are to be permitted to share in the second .

    I A commercial treaty between France and the Zolleverein is reported . The military manoeuvres at Olmiitz dosed on September 28 . The whole of the manoeuvres Mere ordered on the spot by the Emperor , commanding in person . In addition to the seventeen members of reigning houses , there were present superior officers of all the armies of Europe , many Russian and Prusstau generals ; of Hanoverians , General Halkett ; from Bavaria , the well-known Von de Tann ; from France , General Gjiyon , with other officers ; many English , headed by Lord Westmoreland and Colonels Bloomfield , Vicars , Law . reuce and Duplat . The operations closed with a splendid cavalry manoeuvre of eleven regiinants , altogether 12 , 000 horsemen , ander the command of Prince Francis Lichenstein . The field operations were very severe , and involved some serious casualties to the troops . In one no less than a ton and a half of powder was exploded .

    The two Emperors gave a parting demonstration of affection , by a fraternal embrace in the presence of the armies . The Kmperor of Russia left Ohuiitz at ten o ' clock on the night of the 28 th , having previously addressed pressing despatches , by an extraordinary courier , to the Hereditary Grand DuJce . Now that an Austrian loan is found to be impossible in London , the reduction of fhe Anstrian ariiiy is no longer reported ; on the contrary , the usual levies have proceeded . The Editors of tho Vienna journals were lately summoned by tho police , and enjoined to discontinue any mention of the movements of , the Imperial forces .

    Iho Kreuts Zciluug winds up its autumnal " circumspice" ( ruiuhchau ) with these words with rotbrence to the Turks , as the common enemies of Christendom : — "There can bts no truer , more fruitful , or powerful conception iu the extensive policy of the Five Powers than ' European concert ' or penlurchy , having no other object than a roturn to its focus—tho Holy Alliance . " Tho Berlin correspondent of the Chronicle says : — "It would be satisfactory to know how the penturchy , or revived Holy Alliance , would contrive to convert or dispose of tho forty millions <( f Muhomedans , which form u' third of tho British East Indian population . It i * easy to perform tho part of a Del phian priest or priestess , but le . is so to enact that of an CEdipus . "

    The reports as to the personal movements of the Emporor of Russia and his royal "friends" are contradictory . The first account . staled that the Czar hud invited the King of Prussia and the Emperor of Austria to Warsaw , to witness the iiiHiuuuvrcs of the Russian troops . A telegraphic report from Berlin states that the Kmperor of Russia had been joined at Warsaw by the Emperor of Austria and iho King of Prussia . Ho persists , he says , in his professions of peuce , and , it is expected , will encourage the Emperor of Austria to make unother attempt at mediation . Before the Emperor

    left Ohniitz , ho signed an ukasu for a now levy of troops , und Nont it off by courier to St . Porcrsburg . There are stories ns to the demeanour of the Czar at OlmuU . Ho received Lord Westinorelund coldly , merely saying , " I am delighted ; * ' but he was most cordial to the French General Guyon , expressing through him his "love and esteem" for Louis Napoleon . A paragraph in the Morninij Post states , that the King of Prussia wns to have returned to Berlin as yesterday " accompanied by the Emperor Nicholas . " This is very doubtful .

    Count d'Appony , the Austrian Minister , left Turin on thu 12 th , on " unlimited leave of absence . ' ' 11 will bo borne in mind that tho Sardinian Ambassador at Vienna wns recalled sunn ) months ago . We road the following in a hitter from Rome , quoted by the Piirlumcntu of Turin , of the 30 th ult . : — " Tho greatest diversity of opinion—a regular schismexist * hi thu Liberal party at Rome . In the month of July lust the Liberals had received pressing orders from Mu / . / . iin to act immediately . An there was great indecision among tho Liberuls _ thoy agreed upon holding a nocturnal meeting . Sixty person' attended , and , after much discussion , it w « s put to thu vote whether Ma / . / . ini ' n orders should bo executed or not ; whereupon f > 7 votes appeared against , and i \ for Mu / . zini . This result has filled the purty of Um Fusionists with joy , their object being that of uniting tho Liberal Italians of . ill shades , without proclaiming any particular form of government . "*

    Tho Koileriu Council of Switzerland gavo its annual dinner to tho dip lomatic corps on the . JJIHU . The Ministers ol Austria and Prussia were not present , thu firm being in ill-humour about Ticiiio , and the . second about Ncufchutol . Private letter * from Mud rid of the 2 Hth ult . mention that negotiations are on loot lo induct ) Iho father of the reigning * Wo lmvo tho Ktrongnst reason for believing Unit Uuh statement of tho ofliciul paper of thu Sardinian Ministry iu without foundation .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 8, 1853, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_08101853/page/5/