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    218 [THE LEADER. [No. 311, Saturday

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    Heaxth or Londok.—The total number of de...

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    By Favour Of The Alliance, Of Accident,,...

    be abolished , every parish would be saddled with a cumbrous machinery empowered to bother the residents out of rates , and to bully them , if they did not pay . Ministers take a much shorter cut , reviving a still-born bill introduced by the Archbishop of Canterbubt , last year . He pls ^ posed to continue the assessment | 6 f * Chur ^ 4 £ tes . ; as under the existing law , but-to confer upon ^ the refusal of the parish , if it p & gevere in that r | peal for a certain time , the effect ' rpF a definitive , Refusal within the district . In other words , each ^ parish is

    empowered to settle the Church-rate question for itself . There can be no question about the result . In -the first place , probably , under the proposed act , a majority of parishes in England and " Wales will abolish Church-rates ; the example will encourage the Nonconformists in other parishes , and the number of rate-paying parishes will be diminished , until at last they will altogether disappear from the ecclesiastical map . Virtually , therefore , we may regard the Church-rates as being abolished by the unpretending amendment With which Ministers convert Sir William Clat ^ s bill Into their own .

    They have not tajten . such effectual steps to abolish the purchase system in the army , probably because they' bare more to retain 'for a certain class the privilege , of buying conlmissions , than they care for the tribute to the Church . General EvAks moved for a select coniraittee to consider the system with a view to its abolition ; it was quite evident that he had a strong support from an increased number of members on both sides of the House ; but Ministers drew a herring across the

    trail : they offered " a commission instead of a comniittee- ^—a board of inquiry composed of men under their own orders , instead of a Board selected by the House of Commons . It is probable that the instructions to the Commissioners also will less definitively point to the purpose of abolition , and wither tb- ' « amendment / ' The officials want to save as' much of the system as they can . ; but they have been ^ compelled to take the first step towards Cutting it tip ;

    ' 'Among the movements in Parliament which have 3 tt 6 ]" ieferetic ^ to party politics is Lord'STA nhope ' s proposal for a National portrait gallery . It met , not with acquiescence , butwelcome ; and it maybe said that the House of Lords and the Government at once identified themselves with the scheme . Lord Stanhope proposed that a sum of money shall annually be set apart to purchase the portraits fof eminent men that abound in this countrv . iu order

    to bring them together in one gallery . Lord Illenborough originated rather an amusing episode ,-by raising the question , whether the terms used by Lord ' Stanhope " honourably mentioned in the history of the country" would not exclude some of our eminent men , such for example as Marlbqrtjgh , Wolsey , Bacon , Cromwell , " and many others . " It was agreed , therefore , to sink the pointof honour and substitute " eminence •" so that Mr . OliVer Cromwell , stands a chance

    of appearing among the eminent persona of the country . » I < drd John has again taken , his stand as head of the Order of Preceptors . His language has been of a kind to mark almost somethingmbre than coldness towarcls his noble and honourable friends ; and in the ! ednfcation debate , -which he opened himself with ¦ resolutions ' ctcBCvibirig a newpUn , he let it be plainly ' ^ eri ttlat ho intended to keep education as his own ^ 6 | e * tyVnhd ( nol ; tb respect the difficulties of any ^ Jw 3 JEti ^ iWs in office . Ho made cowiriion cause ^ lf »^ ^ WN pA 1 Kj ( NQ * r ^ N and tlio Liberni

    Con-/ ^^ fe « «| gwnH hrigh Tories , Ultra-Radicnls , or V ^ fffi ^^^ TftMtt ^' Ba ' -if he had finally aljan-» ? g !^^) % ^ W *« B , '» nd had dovotod the re-^ itfde ^ f W 4 Wb the interest of his order . His

    plans attempts to ^ ajnh ^ ae central local managenrf § n % ^ ind jtp ^ o ^ the objections levelled at all the pltjiSs th-atijhavfegbnebefore . Religiousteaching in thj ^ public sehbols to be established under his plants limited to the ; reading of the > Bible . He woulo ^ still : use up subscriptions , endowments , and evStt'fbrgdtfen charities , where they coiild be made aviulable drsehool-funicls . ; but where the district is too poor or too indifferent , he would empower the county magistrates to levy a rate for " the district ,

    the district still to appoint the masters and mistresses of the school . A great increase to the inspecting force under the Committee of Education is to be ^ he machinery for concentratinginformation upon the means and state of education , and of setting the local powers in motion . Lord John only describeshisplan ; the resolutions were brought before the House simply to be recorded in the votes and proceedings , but were not moved and

    were not to be until after Easter . Plenty of time , therefore , will be afforded for their consideration . The plan professes to be active , hut harmless . It however , is , equally threatened with hostility by those who deprecate the admission of the Bible ¦¦ " ' i . f ¦ - . ' ¦ ¦ ¦¦• ¦ ¦ . ¦• ,-.. . . ¦ ' . under any circumstances , and by those who insist upon direct dogmatic teaching . It may he remarked , with regard to the latter , that even under the Bill they could carry out their plans by establisnine schools of their own .

    One of the best marks of our progress is inscribed on the register of the week in the fine Roinan hand of Frances , Marchioness of Londonderry . The Marchioness has been giving a great party at Chilton Moor , in Durham , on the vast estate that she inherits from her father ' s family . The guests were the colliers working in her mines , to the number of nearly . 3 , 000 . The very appearance of the people showed the progress which has been made untler ground , and a still greater progress goes on

    in the Marchioness s collieries . At one time the little trucks conveying coal from the passages to the lift were dragged by women and children ; they are now dragged by horses and ponies , and they are about to be dragged by steam machinery . The men at table did credit in their toilet to the progress of civilisation : they were dressed as for a dinner party j and one of the number proposed the Marchioness ' s health in a speech that would grace any dinner table in the country ; noting in

    particular the spread of education and literature amongs this class ; The Marchioness addressed them in a speech much above the after-dinner average . It recognised , the progress of the age , and proclaimed hex fidelity to the principle of religious freedom . She "looks to no man ' s creed—that is "between him and his Maker . " Strange times , when Tory Marchionesses utter sentiments like these , in speeches delivered to working colliers , and begun with the trembling voice of genuine emotion 1

    The destruction which in so many forma man inflicts upon himself has tins week taken the awful shape of conflagration , and has swept Coventgartlen Theatre from the public buildings of the metropolis , On Tuesday evening London went to sleep with the satisfactory conviction that the great hal rnasqudoi Professor Ain'derson , in winding up his . monster entertainment , was proceeding with all the splendour and fervour of such profane

    amusements ; and the fervour indeed was sufficient to make those concerned forget the laivs by which this earth of ours is governed . Five , which is a noblo slave , wns allowed to break its bonds find become the master ; and jus ( t before divwh the flames burst into the middle of the theatre , scared away the lingering maskers with , a terrible sermon on the idlcncup of human pur-8 ui £ s . The manager , who had hoped jto close a doubtful season with n great indraft of revenue ,

    fowajU |^ mself surveying the flaming and smoking ^ inslo ^^^ tre . The performers and servants r = of 3 $ be l & Buse , "who commonly minister to the gaieties f $ the public , are nmw advertised as the burnfofULt ; recipients of charity . Last week the town HvasSfuil ^ of reports as to the arrangements actually made for opening the Italian Opera , at < 3 oveiit-garuen . This week there is no Covent--gaisleji , hut w _ e are told th at the opening of t he 4 Opera season is " certain . " So little can human nature learn to know the uncertainty of human certainty !

    218 [The Leader. [No. 311, Saturday

    218 [ THE LEADER . [ No . 311 , Saturday

    Heaxth Or Londok.—The Total Number Of De...

    Heaxth or Londok . —The total number of deaths registered in London last week was 1 , 029 . Of these 529 were deaths of males , and 500 of females . The return is satisfactory , as tested by experience ; for it is less by 221 than the average number of deaths ( corrected f 6 r increase of population ) in the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1846-55 . Phthisis , aa is usually the case , produced a greater number [ of deaths that any other disease , and was fatal in 136 cases . BroncMtis was fatal in the next degree , and carried off 9 . 5 persons ; pneumonia numbered 62 , of whom two-thirds were infants not more than two years old . Hooping cough , prevailed to some extent , and 60 ; children died of it . Of 52 deaths

    from typhus ( including continued fever ) , 17 occurred fit'the' north division , which contains the London Fever Hospital , 14 in the east , 9 in the west , 8 in the south , and 4 in the central division . Typhus is frequent in Bethnal-green j the registrar of the t Church sub-district recorded' three deathsfrom it in two days ; and one ( that of a man 32 years old , Occurred at 7 , tfelson-street , Hackney-road , " where tlie fatal disease is attributed by the medical attendant to " fetid smells arising from the house-drains . " Nine deaths from typhus , and one from scarlatina , took

    place in theJFever Hospital . The total deaths from scarlatina were 24 , from measles 17 , and from , smallpox 14 ; 1 from rheumatic fever , 10 from rheumatism 17 from cancer , one from , intemperance , 2 from delirium tremens * On February the 7 th , at 45 , Parkstreet Marylebone , a man is returned as having died from-want of food . —Last week , the births of 1 , 002 boys and 974 girls , in all 1 , 976 children , were registered in London . In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 184 ^ -55 , the average number was 1 ^ 575 . — . From the Jtegistrar-GeiieraVa Weekly Return .

    Adulteration of Food , ¦& c—WLr . Scholefield ' s select committee on this subject is again , sitting ; and the evidence received during the last few days is similar in effect to that * of the previous session . The majority of the witnesses agree in the prevalence and the injurious effects of adulteration ; while some few are found to deny or excuse the fact . . Mr . Thompson , a member of the College of Surgeons , and an analytical chemist , gave evidence last Wednesday , and stated that , " generally , he thought ^ that articles are sold in such a pure state that no injury occurs to the public health . " He had no doubt that alum is mixed with all the bread eold in the bakers' shops

    but it undergoes a chemical change into potash and alumina , and thus ceases to be injurious . He did not think there would "be any objection to a chemist putting , up in his shop , " Wrhite bread mixed with alum . "— -Mr . W . Baa tick , analytical chemist , said he believed the greater number of English chemists are not able to detect the adulteration introduced into the drugB they retail . This witness read , from a book of recipes the following recipe for making new-old port wino : — " Cyder , 45 brand

    gallons ; y , 6 gallons ; good , port , 8 gallons ; ripe sloes , 2 gallons ; stew them in 2 gallons of wuter—press off the liquor , and ad < l to the rest ; if the colour is not strong enough , tincture oi red sanders . In a few days , this wino may be bottled j a , dd to each bottle a teaspoonful of powdered catechu , and mix it well ; it will very soon produce a flue crusty appearance . The bottles boiug ; packed on their sides as usual , fioalc tho ends of the corks in jv strong decoction of Brazil wpod with alum , which will , with tho crust , give it the appearance of ago . "

    Maoaulay burnt in Ejtfjoy . —The Highlander !* of , Olenmore , iu Invomoss-shire ( says tlio North Uritish Daily Mail ) , feeling aggrieved and indignant at the slanderous ohargos brought b y Mr . Maouulny against their peedooessors , in hia last volume of tho " History of England , " assembled together , <* nd ; headed by « piper playing tho " Iloguo's Muroh , " proceoded to the Black Rook , near CUonmoro-houBe , and there burnt in effigy the distinguished historian . Tho ftsuemblcd orowd gave , three shouts of execration rb tho offlgy wns ooatjunaing . Maoaulay , wheti in tho Highland ^ , resided for a considerable timo ixt Olonmoi'e-b . o'UBG .

    Sibam to AwcifiUiOA . —Tho owners of tho United States mail Bteamore haye notified tlitifc the vohhoIh oi ilita' line , to ovoid tho danger * from ico , will not oroflB tho banka north oM 3 degrees , until after tho lut oi August nost ,

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), March 8, 1856, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_08031856/page/2/