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    638 The Saturday Analyst and Leader. ["J...

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    ¦RECOKP OF THE WEEK. HOME AND COLONIAL. ...

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    Foreign Correspondence. -Special. ' Hano...

    ledge of the past history of England and Europe ? What nations of Europe were greater in commerce and agriculture , or held larger foreign possessions than England , from the fall of . the Roman Empire till the wars of the roses ? What was France durin g that period P What . Spain , Portugal , Holland , Germany , Denmark , Sweden ,. Russia ? Did any of these nations possess a city that equalled in commerce and . wealth the London of that period ? What the Times is made to say about the state of the arts and scientific knowledge in England , applies to every nation of Europe except Italy . A person ignorant of the 'history «> f Europe , would imagine , on reading- the Times' article , that England was little better than a Continental colony of yesterday ' s planting-, instead of the native country of Winifekd , Alcuin , Wilhead , and other civilisers of the north-western countries of Europe . How long did France , Spain , Portugal , and Holland , possess colonies

    before England ? The chance discovery of America and the sea passage to India was made during the reign of Elizabeth ' s grandfather , while England was almost prostrate from the effects of a sanguinary devastating civil war of forty years' duration . By this dreadful civil war the energies of England were exhausted in her own destruction . Free play was left to Fiance , Spain , Portugal , and the Hansa . The Parliament at London recalled all the'English nobles with their English vassals from France , and the extensive possessions of England fell to that country . But , notwithstanding this , the position ' . which England occupied in Europe during the reigns of Henby VII . and Henby VIII . was not by any means contemptible . France and Spain might claim a superiority , but not a proud one . As for Holland , Queen Elizabeth was virtually the ruler of that country , for three important towns were garrisoned by the Queen ' s troops , and one or two Englishmen sat in the Privy Council of Hollands A reference to the chronicles of the Hanse

    towns will , show whether or not England had an extensive foreign trade three hundred years ago . It will be found that in 1474 , nearly four hundred years ago , and while England \ vas still in a disordered condition , a treaty of peace was concluded between Ebwaed IV . and the Hanse towns , upon the following terms : Edwaed consented to pay the EsterlingSj or -. Sterling merchants , i . e ., the Hansa , the sum of ten thousand ' pounds , sterling from the English Customs ^ as redress for the losses which the merchants of the Hanse towns had suffered by the reprisals he had made iipon their trade in consequence of the capture of four English trading vessels at Icelahd : by ygssels of the Hansa . ~ 0 n the other hand , the English were to trade freely to and in all the Hanse towns as far as -the- laws of each place allowed . The conditions of "this treaty at . -such a period

    are quite sufficient , without going back to riirtre ancient and more flourishing times , to refute the assertion-that , England had no trade three hundred years ago . As for her military prowess in . ancient times , the Volunteer movement ^ pa triotic and admirable as it is , can hardly be put in comparison with it , much less brought forward as a proof of the untried powers of our race . With the exception of Rome , England is the only country in Europe that has produced generals who never fought battles without gaining them , and never besieged towns without taking them . It is only since the slavish system of conscription or pressing was adopted by the tyrants and tolerated by the slaves of the Continent , that England : ceased to be a military nation in the Continental sense , of the term . The —Jfo > luii ± efijAJiav _ fiJay their nibble patriotism and courageous defiance

    of the ridicule which at first was directed against them proved to the world the truth of the saying , that " What is bred in the bone , Sic ., that they are of the old race that Spain knew at Aljubarota , and France at PoicUers . [ Finally , I would ask the writer of the article in question whether he-can tell me of any nation north of the Alps that can boast of so ancient and indigenous a literature as England P But really I must beg the reader ' s pardon for troubling liijtn with such questions . Those who have resided oh the Continent , and are acquainted with the prejudices , or rather credulous ignorance as regards England and the English , will easily comprehend how such ; an article as that of the Times affects the Englishman abroad . An article in the Observer , in which it was said that the music bands in the Volunteer Corps appeared to be

    com-Eosed of Germans , judging by their faces , figure , and style of play , as been widely translated , This has set all the German journals praising the bands of the Volunteers , arid proclaiming them as Miperior to the bands of the regular army . How very much astonished the writeiiin the Observer and the German journalists would be if told that once upon a time the English were the teachers of the Germans in music , or if not positively their teachers , the English , according 1 to Eeasmus of Rotterdam , considered themselves to be the most musical nation in Europe ; and I think it would be no difficult task to prove that the north-western nations of Europe have appropriated a good number of old English songs . This sounds rather absurd from an Englishman in the country of Handel ; ' tis true r . evertheless .

    Your readers will perceive , from the tone of the foregoing remarks , that the review hna had a considerable influence on this bide of the sea ; and I cannot doubt that it will nfiord a certain degree of SJBitletnctipTrto aity Voluivteerswhose-eye «~ this may fhnn

    comprehend the reluctance of any free man to join it . I see , by the journals , that the working men or artisans hold aloof , and that this circumstance is a source of regret ; but , as a consolation , I can say that in all countries of civilized Europe the working men or artisans are always the most indifferent to the honour and progress of their country . The working men of England ; perhaps , being practically , if not literally , better educated , may evince more active patriotism than the continental people , but the daily struggle for subsistence demands all their attention and energy . In this country we have plenty of rifle corps * but very few indeed of the working or artisan class belong to them . During the war of Independence against the first Napoxeon , it was a general complaint

    that the common people were regardless of their national existence . The foremost defenders of Germany were the sons of ' the middle class ; ultimately the artisans were forced to fight whether they cared about it or not . If , then , the artisans of England refuse to join the Volunteers it may cause regret , but can excite no astonishment . Had they joined , it would only have proved that they were better off , more intelligent , and more patriotic than the artisans of the Continent ; as it is , if they give no reason to think them better , they are at any rate no worse . In the Bremen ScMtzen Vcrein , which is one of the most numerous and best organised corps on the Continent . I do not think there is a single artisan or peasant . The whole corps is composed of merchants , clerks , and shopkeepers ; and I believe it is the same in all the corps of Germany ; I have already exceeded my allotted space , so I must . reserve what trifling political -news there is till next week .

    638 The Saturday Analyst And Leader. ["J...

    638 The Saturday Analyst and Leader . [ "July 7 , 1860 .

    ¦Recokp Of The Week. Home And Colonial. ...

    ¦ RECOKP OF THE WEEK . HOME AND COLONIAL . The model steamer Stanley arrived safely at Kotree on the 7 th of May . having encountered in the Delta , of the Indus a cyclone and subsequent storms . In the year ending the 31 st of March last the duty collected from railways amounted to £ 359 , 212 , the duty on stage-carriages to £ 127 , 673 , and on hackney-carriages to £ 36 , 203 . We have to record the demise of Thomas Addisbri , Esq ., M . P ., late consulting : physician to Guy ' s Hospital , which occurred at Brighton , on Friday last , at an advanced age . The deceased became , aii M . D . at Edinburgh in' 1815 , ; was _ senior physician at Guv ' Hospital , arid leetured oil the practice of physic at that institution . He was president of the .. Royal Medicp-Cliirurgieal Society of London ; consulting physician of the South London Dispensary ; was formerly houpe-surireon tb the Lock Hospital , and physician to the Infirmary -for Children , and to the public dispensary ' , Carey Street . He was author of-several popular medical ' works * ' .. . - . ' ; '' ,. ¦ ; " . . ' " . ; ' . . ; - . - . . ' ' ¦ ' ' ' '¦¦ ' "' . ' ¦ ¦ ¦¦ In the year ending Michaelmas last 5 G . 101 persons in England and W « les were punished by magistrates for being . drunk , or drunk and disorderly : 10 , 486 of them were women ; the number charged was 89 , 003— -24 , 395 of them women . In 3 CK > cases in the year 1859 , on coroners' inquests , ji verdict was found of " Died from excessive drinking ; " We took toll upon the 0 , 775 , 911 gallons of foreign wine and the 4 , 909 . 847 gallons of foreign sp irits that were imported and retained for home .-consumption in 1859 ; and , as for libme / -ma"de ~ bTP creTa ^ ei- ^ us that in ' . the" year ending . March 31 , 1860 , the Excise duty collected on spirits amounted to £ 10 , 000 , 19 . L , on malt to £ 6 , 852 , 458 , on hops to £ 462 , 881 . On Saturday night an accident , resulting in the loss of two lives , occurred to the passenger train which left Bishop Auckland at 8 . 40 for Durham . The train had got to the Ked Hills cut , when , from some unexplained cause , the engine got off the rails , dragging . after it the . carriages ; several of which ( fortunately empty ones ) were smashed to pieces .. The engineman and fireman were killed on the spot , but the passengers escaped without serious , iujuvy . The firework explosion at the Belle Vue Gardens , Manchester , hns resulted in the deaths of Baker and Iloyle ; and it is feared that the third man , James Doyle , will not recover . '> The inquest on the body of Francta Saville Kent , aged four years , who was so barbarously murdered on Saturday morning , n t a village called Kond , four miles from Frome , wa « held on Mondtiy , n't the Temperance Hull , Bond ,, before Mr . Sylvester , corom-r ' for-Wilts . The hall was crammed to excess . Mr . Rodway , of Trowbridge , solicitor , attended to watch the case on behalf of Mr . Kent . The nursemaid out of whone room deceased was abstracted ; the housemaid who examined the drawing-room fastenings the night before thu murder and found them undone ; and the persona who discovered thu dead body of the child in the water-clonet were examined , but no fresh facts of any hind were elicited , and the barbarous affair still remains in inexplicable obscurity . Constunco and William Kent , a lialfbrotlier and hulf-aistorof the deceased , ateowero examined , hut no new information was gained . The superintendents of police Ircn Fronie , Jli-Qw bridge ^ aiL ^ thu | Wilts force were in attendance . After a five hours' inqiTiryrtb ^ j iTrjriivtTjriredr a verdict of " Wilful murder against eomo person or persons unknown , " An inquest was held ot the Manchester lloyal Infirmary , on Mondny evening , on , the bodies of Kdward Bukcr andJames lio ^ le , the two men killed by the explosion at Belle Vuu OurdoiiH , on . Saturday . ' The caune of the ac < 'ident could not" be ascertained from the evidence . A verdict of Accidental death was returned . The first meeting 1 of the proposed Commercial Exchange at

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), July 7, 1860, page 14, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_07071860/page/14/