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    December 6, 1856.] THE LEADER, IISQ

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    SHIPWRECKS. We have several melancholy c...

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  • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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    Continental Notes. Fkaxce. A Decree Has ...

    Count Cigala , aide-de-camp to the King of Sardinia , -lias gone to Venico to congratulate the Emperor of Austria . The Count will afterwards proceed by way x > f Trieste to Egypt with presents for the Viceroy . There as a rumour in Sardinia of some ministerial changes . Should they take place , however , they will leave Count Cavour at the head of affairs . The revolutionary party in Naples has circulated an address to the soldiers , appealing to their honour and patriotism , and denouncing the tyranny of the existing Government , " which has called down the reproof of ¦ even the Conservative Governments of Europe . "

    • - . . ; - .- SPAIN . ¦¦ . . ' ¦ - . . 'General Prim has been ordered to go to Bilboa , the ¦ Government regarding Jiim as ' a dangerous character . ' The first project of the Ministry was to exile him to the Canary Islauds ; but he appealed to the Queen , and remonstrated with such spirit that a compromise was effected . \ : The proposal of M . Mires , relative to a loan of 300 , 000 , 000 of reals effective ( 75 , 000 , 000 francs ) , has 'teen' accepted by the Spanish Government , and the -treaty signed by the parties has been published in the official Gazette of Madrid ; but , in conformity with the Spanish law , the outbidding remains open for twenty days . . . .- ¦' , ¦ . . ¦ ' ¦ . ' ; . ' ¦ ' ¦' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ . '¦ ' ' : ' ¦'

    -DENMARK . The writer of a letter from Berlin ,, in tXie Ifunoverian Gazette , states that the last remaining difficulty in the way of tlie definitive solution of the Sound Dues problem has just been removed by England ' s agreoing to the payment of 40 , 000 / . to ' 'Denmark . " When it is considered , " the letter adds , that the share of Sound Dues which falls on British commerce amounts to 70 , 000 / ., England appears to have made an excellent bargain . " A general protocol is to be made , -which will be signed collectively by all the other states interested in the abolition of the Sound Dues . The King has granted a complete amnesty . Nineteen Danish officers , who , in 18-18 , took service in Seh ' . eswig-Holstein , have been recalled to the interior .

    swedes ' The Swedish Government has withdrawn the bill relative to the fortifications of Stockholm . The Diet has been informed that subsidies for that object will not be demanded of it in the present session . " ; .. ' ¦ : •¦ ' GREECE . ¦ ' . : ' . ¦¦ . : ¦ The King has returned to Athens .

    • . - . ¦¦ ' " . ' . "¦ TURKEY . ' . ; : . ; . ; ¦; ¦ . A strange story is told by the Paris Pays , which ¦ writes :- — " Our Constantinople correspondent mentions an important incident . If his information lie correct ( and we have no reason to douht its correctness ) , France has addressed a most energetic despatch to the Porte , urging the Qttoman Government to bring to an end the territorial and maritime occupations which constitute an infraction of tho Treaty of Paris , and threatening , in case of refusal , that Franco will resume a military position at the entrance of the Black Sea ( souspeine de yoir

    to , France reprendre it son tour nne position mi / itaire a Ventree de la Her- Noire ) . However , since this despatch was received , many things , as we think , -. have passed which may have modified the situation . The best way to bring all these difficulties to a conclusion would evidently be a second convocation in Congress of the plenipotentiaries who signed the Treaty of Paris . The question of the resumption of the Congress continues to be vehemently discussed by the European press . and is generally considered as the most natural and the most honourable solution for all parties interested . "

    Syria and Mesopotamia are in a disturhed state . All the populations arc said to be on a war footing , and family is fighting against family . At Zahle , two families and their retainers , each from one hundred to one hundred and iifty strong , have been making Avar on each otlier for nearly a month , and in their last combat eight persons were killed : the combatants were of the Greek religion . In a village of the Druses , a combat 'U ad taken placo in which , eighteen persona were killed , and a still greater number woundod . The text of the project of the firman for the Convocation of the Divans of Wallachia and Moldavia , as < lrawn out by the late Ministry , has boon published . After Btatiug the moans by which the Bishops , the Boyards , the arfi 2 ans , and the peasants , will be represented , the document proceeds to say that the members ¦ of the several classes will discuss the affairs of tlie

    • provinces in soparate committees , and will send in a r & umt of their discussions to the general assombty of the Divans . " Each committee will name by a majority Of votea a president for their own body . The . president of the wholo Divan will be namod from among tlie * 9 « mbers by the ICniinnkans . The secretaries will likewise bo chosen by the lvaunakans . The provisional state of the administration of these provinces having to « wi 8 o in a short timo , tho Divans will have to finish thoir discussions within tho apaco of six months . If , « outrary to all expectation , tho Divans nhould enter into diaousaionB on mattera contrary to the superior rights of tho'Ottoman Porto , ox to tho ancient privileges of tho two provinces , tho delegate of tho Sublimo Porto is charged to notify this fact to tho Commission , and to £ ivo tho ncooasary notice like-wiee to the Adunniattation

    of the province ; if such a thing should happen , one ought to forbid to the Divans every act of this kind which would be contrary to these principles . " The result of the deliberations of the Divan " will be submitted to a commission composed of a delegate named by the Porte , and of the delegates sent by the high contracting Powers , " and , after the report of those comniissionei-s , will be discussed by the Sultan and his allies . The JPresse d ? Orient announces tbat considerable

    bodies of Russian troops , in garrison in Bessarabia , have been inarching towards the Blacl Sea . The same journal confirms the statement that Lord Stratford de RedclifFe has accepted the explanations given by the Russian ambassador at Constantinople on the subject of the incident at Yeni-Kaleh . The Italians at Constantinople have taken part in the subscription opened in that capital for the purchase of 10 , 000 muskets for the first province of Italy that shall rise in insurrection against Austria . *

    The Ost Deutsche Post , after laying ; down the principle that the Porte , which , in its full , independence , concluded the convention with Austria , is the power which has to determine whether the presence of the troops of its allies appears to it to be still desirable or not , proceeds to state that the Turkish Government has intimated to the French Cabinet , that , if it wishes to obtain the evacuation of the Black Sea and the Principalities by the Austrians and the English , it should enter into direct negotiation with those two Powers . In its note

    to l ' ranca the Turkish Minister says : — " The Sultan ' s Government has no motive for requiring from the two Powers , which insist on the complete execution of the treaty of March 30 , the evacuation of the territory they occupy , ¦ with the view of ensuring this execution . It acknowledges that it stands on the same liua as Franco and ¦ England relative to the interpretation of the stipulations of peace . But , hi-asking , that the three allied Powers should conic to a direct understanding with each other , it thinks that it gives a proof of its confidence in the loyalty and friendship of its allies . "

    A note , according to the Triester Z-iltuny , was .. not long since presented to . Porte by MM . Bouteuieil arid Thou venal , the Russian and . French Ministers , demanding positive answers to certain questions with relation to Turkey renouncing her pretensions to Bolgrad , in consideration for tlie possession of the Isle of Serpent ' s and of the Delta of the Danube ; the continued occupation of the Danubian Principalities and of the Black Sea by Austria and England . ; and the possibility of the Divans ad hoc declaring themselves in favour of a union of "Wallachia and Moldavia . To the first of these questions the - -Porte gave a polite negative .

    " SWITZERLAND . " If the Zeit of Berlin , " observes the Daily News , " is still entitled to the repute it has for several years enjoyed in Europe , tFiat of an organ inspired by Baron von Manteuftel , the Prussian dispute with Switzerland is already divested of much of its importance , and tlie King ' s speech becomes susceptible of a . pacific interpretation . The Zelt states that the" King only wants an acknowledgment of his rights on the part of Switzerland , upon which he would be disposed at once and . spontaneously to

    renounce his claims on Neufchatel . The King would see such an acknowledgment in the liberation of the prisoners , and would be content . According to the Zeit this is a question of theoretical right ; a Swiss would probably describe it as a question of principle . However , ii it were certain and indubitable that Prussia is prepared , as the Zelt affirms , to-draw no interested conclusions , and strengthen no one-sided claims from the concession she seeks , it might be hoped that a settlement of this irritating question of Neufchatel was not remote . "

    According to the Berlin correspondent of Le Nonl , the Prussian envoy at Berne has received orders to leave Switzerland . All diplomatic intercourse is thus broken oft ' . The same . ' writer " says that tho Emperor-Napoleon is inclined to support Prussia , but that the English Minister at Borne givos his countenance to the Swiss .

    GKHMANY . M * . von dcr Pfordten ( says a letter from Munich ) slipped on thu snow on the 27 th ulc , and broke his ami near the shoulder . BELGIUM . Tiin Belgian Chamber of Representatives has brought to a close its discussion on the Address in answer to the Speech from tho Throne . The amendment proposed by the Opposition on the paragraph relating to public instruction was rejected by 01 votes to -I ] , Tlie Address was thou voted by iiS votes to i ) 7 .

    OUAND DUCHY OF I . UXICMlJUUa . The Grand Duko of Iiuxoinburg ( King of the Netherlands ) has proclaimed , of hi . s solo uuthorily , tlie constitution which the llopresontntive Chamber had just before rejected . Tho new constitution limits populur rights , and has been promulgated in doforenuo to a monition from the Diet of the Germanic Bund , of which Luxemburg is a member . AUSTRIA . The Emporor has issued an amnesty to his Venotinn aubjocts . Seventy politicul ollcndors luivo recoived a free pardon . Tho sequestration on the property of political fugitives is entirely removed .

    POSTUGAXj . A . royal decree , countersigned by the Minister of Finance , M . Loureiro , has been . published , authorizing ; the negotiation of a loan which has been made through , the Bank of Portugal upon the deposit of the new bonds voted for railways and public works by the late Cortes . The loan is about 300 , 000 / . English . 833 , 300 / . « f Three per Cent , "bonds are to be created through , the London financial ageucy , and are to be placed at the disposal of the Bank of Portugal , as security for the loan .

    December 6, 1856.] The Leader, Iisq

    December 6 , 1856 . ] THE LEADER , IISQ

    Shipwrecks. We Have Several Melancholy C...

    SHIPWRECKS . We have several melancholy cases of shipwreck to recopd this week . The particulars of one of these are brought by the United States mail steamer Fulton , by which we learn that the Franco-American Company ' s steam-ship Lyonnais , belonging to the Gauthier Company , las been , totally lost , together with the greater number of those aboard . She left New York for Havre on the 1 st of November , was run into on . Tuesday , the 4 th ( about sixty miles from Nantucket light-ship , which bores N . N . W . ) by the bark Adriaticifrom 'Belfast ( Maine ) , for Savannah , and abandoned in a sinking state . Only five passengers out of forty were rescued , and elevea of the crew ; the remainder , consisting of one hundred an 4 thirty

    souls , are supposed to have perished . The collision occurred in the night ( which was very dark ) , just after the passengers and many of the crew- had retired , leaving tha watch on deck . At that moment , a three-masted vessel was observed bearing down upon the Lyonnais . Those oa board the latter did all in their power " to avoid a collisio n , by ringing their bells , and blowing the steamwhistle , which can be heard at a distance of ten . miles ; but , before they could head off , the advancing vessel strnek the Lyonnais amidships , tearing out an entire block of the plate iron , causing a gap about two feet square , which extended in leng-th from the companionway as far as the shrouds , and seriously damaging the two starboard boats , one of them , an English life-boat .

    rhe bowsprit of the Adriatic ( the name of which has only been since ascertained ) was broken oil by the shock , together with part of her figure-head . She immediately cleared off , without rendering any assistance or making any inquiries ; and the Lyonnais continued her . course . Efforts- ' were immediatel y made to stop up the hole by ramming ; ' in mattresses , quilts , pillows , & c . ; but the water , gained upon them very rapidly , aud extinguished the-tires . " As soon , as the engines stopped , " says M . Laguiere , the second mate , in his statement before the French Consul at New York , " M . Gigneux , the chief ; engineer , - came "up from , below and declared that the water was pouring in at the coal-bunkers and the ship was sinking . The pumps were immediately set going " , but tloating cinders choked up the valves , and they

    became useless , We then hnd recourse to buckets and . formed a chain , while part of the crew and some of the passengers went below to shift the cargo from starboard to port ; but , as the water continued to rise , the captain ordered the cargo to be thrown overboard . D uring this time , some of . tlie passengers—among them two old se * captains - —a few of the oiUcers , and a number of sailors were busy covering the side of the ship with a large studding sail . " liut in vain . The water continued to gain on them ,-and they begun to suspect that , besides the apparent gap , which was at the water-line , thore was another , unseen , below the water-line . It was therefore determined oa the following day ( Wednesday , the 5 th of November ) to abandon the sinking vessel . The remaining particulars we give in the words , of the New York

    papers : — " Tlie ship was provided with six boats , one of which was a life-boat . That boat only has been heard from . On the morning * of Wednesday , sifter it was resolved to abandon the wreck , a raft was constructed , and about forty persons , including passengers ( pi'ohably the steerage passungors ) , took refuge upon it . It is the opinion of the second officer that this ruft could not have lived through the rough weather that succeeded , this daythat it must have been broken to pieces , and that all the persons on board were lost . Thore is room for hope , however , that somo friendly sail might have rescued them . In another boat was the commander ivith some of the passengers . This boat was ' wall provided . with provisions , com passes , & c . It was tho intention of tho captain to pull i ' or Montauk Point . This boat has not yet been heard from . Another boat contained the second

    mate , Laguiere , the second engineer , JDesfour , and several of tho crow and passengers . This is tlie only boat heard from so fur . We have no account of the ofcUor live boats and the raft , save that which is given above . The following details in relation to the saved aregatherad from the second mate : —The boat left the ship on the morning of Wednesday , the 5 th . There was a heavjs » gale blowing , and the captain resolved to abandon tac ship . She was thon , and when M . -Laguiore last aav her , with her stern sunk below water ' s edge , and hor bov high out of water . Subsequently ho lost eight of th < otliur boats . Tlio second mute ' s boat contained eightcei persons . Tho weather was very rough , and the voyagor * Bull ' ercd terribly . They encountered several sovor * snow-storms , and wore ahort of water . They had clare wine , bread , and preserved meats . They were boatoi about six days , until tlio afternoon of tho t ) tU ( SuiuUvy )

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 6, 1856, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_06121856/page/7/