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Leader (1850-1860), 3rd April 1852, Edition Country of 2, Page 9, DEPARTMENT OF PRACTICAL ART. MAitiiBOBOt...

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      Joseph Mazzini And French Socialism We H...

      ( Cticera . ) He was accustomed to figures , and he ventured to say that it would not only be self supporting , w would leave a very large surplus . Sir Joseph Paxton , in returning thanks , said that he had been advised ; not to come forward in the present movement , and he did not know that he would have done so , but he had been so vexed by the report of the recent Commission , which was so contrary to all the evidence , that he had made up his inind to act . ( Cheers . ) The Commission had tortured some answers of his , given in a conversational style , into an admission that a better building could be constructed at Battersea at a cost of 150 , 0002 . They had completely misunderstood him , and yet they had brought this part of his evidence forward as the principal and moat important

      information derived from it . He had explained to the Commission how the building might be appropriated to useful purposes , and " even how it might be illuminated and made a fairy spectacle , filled with the most beautiful objects in nature and art . " ( Cheers . ) " Yet after all this they made him kill his own child . " ( Loud cheers . ) The public must rescue the Palace from those Goths and Vandals who threatened its destruction . Though it looked fragile , it was composed of lasting materials , and as damaged portions might be replaced , like the cloth on the table before him , he calculated that the whole fabric was more enduring in its character than any other edifice in London . If they allowed this building to go , posterity would damn them for doing so . ( Cheers . ) The proceedings then terminated .

      Apbil 3, 1852.] The Leader. 3v7

      Apbil 3 , 1852 . ] THE LEADER . 3 V 7

      The Burmese War. Feom The Despatches In ...

      THE BURMESE WAR . Feom the despatches in anticipation of the overland mail , which left Bombay on the 4 th of March , we learn that war with Burmah is inevitable . The Government of Ava manifests the same peculiar and irrational obstinacy with which they continued after two years of signal and incessant defeats _ in th « last war to refuse the terms offered-them , until the British force was within forty mijps of the capital . Despatches from the Marquis of Dallioiisie reached Commodore Lambert off the Rangoon river on the 30 th . The Commodore intimated to the -Burmese authorities that he should ascend the river in tho frigate next morning with a fresh communication from the Governor-General . Notwithstanding this , the first stockade he passed on the following day opened a heavy fire on the Fox , and one of her crew was killed . The frigate , without stopping her course , silenced the enemy ' s guns , and set the stockade on fire . Two other stockades fired on

      the Tenasserain steamer ; she replied with shot and shell , and a few rockets , which set the wooden fortifications in a blaze . On arriving off the newly-erected defensive works which now occupy the site of the old town of Rangoon , tho Commodore sent an officor and an interpreter to the Viceroy with Lord Dalhousie's letter . Tho terms offered in this communication were of extraordinary moderation . Their substance was a demand of an apology for the insult to our flag , and the payment of the 900 Z . previously demanded as compensation for losses inflicted on two of tho many British subjects who have been pillaged at Rangoon .

      On theso demands being acceded to , the blockade should bo raised , and tho Burmese ship restored . 'Die reply was returned by tho hand of a dirty labourer in "" cq » ally dirty canoe—of course , a studied insult . Iho Viceroy took no notice of tho two first demands ; io refused to negotiate with the Commodore atoll , wit said lie would talk over the matter with any other agent tho Indian Government choso to send ; and ho concluded by remarking that tho blockade did not inconvenience him at all . Intelligence of nil those occurrences was sent at oneo to Calcutta , and on rocoiving J > o Knngoon Viceroy ' s answer to thoir last overtures , 0 » u l >«» no Government decided that all further

      Negotiation whh out of tho question . Tho GovornorlRfi ° 7 > "nmo < lia My ordered u force consisting of tho ¦ ihui Jtoyal IriKh , tho 38 th and 40 th Native Infantry J « m a company of European Artillery , to prepare for Htant embarkation . Tho Madras Government was t \ u ° < ui soud llor Mfy «« ty ' fl 5 lHt Light Infantry , "wJth ami 35 th Native Infantry , and three coinpa-« lro Ot . ArtlUor y- Tho whole . force , nix thousand fliM , i !^ 1 > 0 1 ) IlK ! C ( I un ( l 01 ' command of MajornlS G 0 ( lwhl ' " " « f fch « Q'won ' H army , who wiw llcf'i \ 1 ¦• --- » — . •» ., \ , i uiiu v ^ iiuum n unity , wiiu whm

      an . It 01 !? "ff ° d throughout tho liwt Hurmoflo war ; Bon , iorH w «« Ton and Elliott will command tho Foo 1 ? i Mlldra 8 brigades respectively . Colonel ArKll Madnia nnny , i ? to bo in charge of tho is to 1 / i ** " ^ h F" ' ftZ « r . ° f Mo Bengal army , time ' ° , chiof engineer . Orders wore nt tlio cuuno with ? i I tllG n ° 1 » 1 >« -y Government to despatch im . rm i y n 11 tno mu' stoamorH they could nparo , m m r 4 Wlth t 1 loir Ml Wllr complement , " and ready for t it Q II 0 tiou' Th « squadron was to touch at ' Fort uoorgo , and convoy tho Madras forco to Burinnh .

      The Bombay Government immediately decided on sending six steam frigates—the Feroze , the Moozuffer , the Sesostris , the Berenice ^ the Medusa , and the Zenobia , the Semiramis , now in China , to join , if required , in the river . The first four ( three of them as large as the Atlantic ^ team-ships ) started from Bombay in fpur days ; the Zenobia , which was hourly expected with the English mail of the 20 th of January , not having yet arrived , the Queen has been sent off instead , and the Zenobia is only waiting for the arrival of a detachment of artillery to follow the other five . The squadron is to embark the Madras force about the 12 th of March , and Rangoon will probably be in our hands

      about ten or fifteen days after . The new fortifications at Rangoon , however , are said to present a most formidable appearance , mounting at least a hundred guns ; and an officer of the Fox , writing to one of the Calcutta papers , says that " Rangoon will cost a few the number of their mess before it is taken . " When General Godwin ' s force is all assembled on the Burmese coast , it will amount to nearly ten thousand men , as the 26 th and 49 th Madras Native Infantry are already stationed between Moulmein and Mergui . The Burmese have on their side been actively engaged in collecting troops , and making every preparation for a stout resistance .

      The Poor Law Association. Impqbtant Meet...

      THE POOR LAW ASSOCIATION . IMPQBTANT MEETING IN MANCHESTER . A numerous and influential meeting to promote the objects of the Poor Law Association , viz ., the substitution of reproductive employment xxf the indigent poor for the present almost universal system of compulsory idleness and useless task-wort , was held in the Lever Street Chapel School , Manchester , on Monday evening . The meeting was convened to ascertain the opinions of an important and populous district , embracing the collegiate and St . Clement ' s wards and neighbourhood . Thomas Wortley , Esq ., an extensive manufacturer and rate-payer , occupied the chair ; and j ) rt the platform were Mr .-Town-councillor Heywood , Town-councillor Stracey , Town-councillor Scholefield , Town-councillor Thackray , Town-councillor Craston , and other gentlemen , including Mr . Archibald G . Sfcark , the secretary to the Poor Law Association . The chairman opened the business by expressing his cordial approval of the soundness and practicability of the plan propounded by the Poor Law Association to redtice the burden of poor-rates . He referred to the benofioial results attending industrial training schools in Hereford and other places , and then called upon Mr . Archibald G . Stark , who addressed the meeting at considerable length . Great as was this immense charge upon the property and industry of the country in the support of pauperism , he contended that

      indigence was not efficiently relieved under the Poor Law . The returns showing tho number of wretches who sought shelter in the night asylums of Manchester proved this ; and if this were the case there . it must be worse elsewhere . The fact commented upon by tho Times , the other day , that in wealthy luxurious London one out of every twenty f persons was in a state of destitution , and unable to exist except upon charity , was another proof ; and tho movement to establish soup kitchens for tho starving poor , was an emphatic admission that tho Poor Law was a failure . He dwelt

      upon the evils of the present system of workhouse relief—its degrading effects upon the recipients themselves , and its unnecessary cost to the rate-payers . He vindicated at length tho justice , economy , morality , and humanity of the principles of tho Poor Law Association , and cited tho examples of Cork , Thurles , Watcribrd , New Ross , and other Irish unions , where tho claimants for relief had been put to productive employment instead of tho old vicious system of idlonoas and tawk-work , and where tho results lind been exhibited in tho permanent benefit of the poor , and tho

      reduction of the rates . Ho had no doubt that Himilar beneficial effects could bo produced in England , under tho superintendence of prudent and energetic boards of guardhinH . Ho proceeded , amid considerable approbation , to rebut various objections that hod bcon urtfed to reproductive " pauper" labour , and concluded ^ by , culling upon tho meeting to enter its protest against tlio present syKtcm ,, which was a satire upon tho common boiiho and ' humanity of tho ago-and country we live jn . Mr . Councillor Heywood , in rising to move tho following resolution , was warmly applauded .

      " That in tho opinion of thi « meeting tho Hiibstifcution of reproductive employment of tho destitute poor , instead of compulsory idleness or useless and degrading taskwork , is not only calculated , undor judicious management , to ameliorate thoir condition by preparing them for a life of industry and self-reliance , but that it in fraught with groat advantage to tho community , by reducing tho burden of poor rates , and

      diminishing the number of persons exposed to the temptation of crime . " He had been told that thirty or forty years ago an attempt had been made in Manchester to render pauper labour reproductive ,, and that it had failed . But that was no reason why it should not succeed now under a different management ( hear ) . Nothing was complete at first in human actions ; for every success in arts and sciences had been promoted by failures ( cheers ) . The thing was to try again , and so better it . He considered it quite possible to obtain persons of sufficient intelligence , and ability , and faith in the principle , to conduct workhouses so as to render them self-8 iipporting . He wished , therefore , God speed to the Association .

      Mr . Willis seconded the motion . He had been opposed to the passing of the Poor Law Amendment Act , in 1834 , and his experience of its working had assured him that his anticipations had been too well founded . Mr . Town-councillor Stracey , and other persons , supported the motion , which was carried unanimously . Mr . Town-councillor Scholefield moved the adoption of a petition to Parliament in favour of the substitution of reproductive employment for the present system .

      Mr . Samuel Ogden , Honorary Secretary to the Manchester Athenaeum , seconded the resolution . The sum of 103 , 800 ^ . was spent last year for the relief of tlie poor in Manchester . This was a serious charge upon an industrious community , for he calculated that the investment of 100 , 000 £ . would give employment to a thousand hands , the capital still remaining intact at the end of the year . The 80 , 000 , 000 / . that had been expended for the relief of the poor in England during the sixteen years that followed the passing of the Poor Law Amendment Act , would have given regular employment to 400 , 000 persons . There was no necessity , therefore , that , if we had a good system of reproductive employment , we should be so heavily taxed for pauperism ( hear , hear ) .

      The motion was carried unanimously , as was also the appointment of a committee to promote the objects of the _ Associatiori , after which the meeting separated . The usual fortni g htly meeting of the committee of the Poor-law Association , established to procure the general adoption of reproductive employment of persons dependent upon the rates , in lieu of idleness and useless tests , was held on Thursday , at 11 , Dickinson-street ; Mr . Councillor Greig in the chair . A vote of thanks was passed to the following journals for having promoted , or given publicity to , the objects of the association!—London Morning Post , Morninq Chronicle , Morning Herald , Standard , Sun ,

      Daily News , Examiner , John Bull , Spectator , Leader , Manchester Examiner and Times , Manchester Courier , Manchester Guardian , Dublin Commercial Journal , Nation , Daily Express , Limerick Chronicle , North British Daily Mail , Leeds Intelligencer , Bolton Chronicle , Arts ' s Birmingham Gazette , & c . —Tho secretary , Mr . A . G-. Stark , read a number of letters from various parts of tho country , in favour of tho objects of the association . Mr . G . Poulott Scrope , M . P ., writes : — " I cannot refrain from suggesting how desirable it would bo to got some authentic reports of the Dutch and Flemish systems of pauper colonization . I know of some imperfect

      statements by Lord Blantyre , —I think published by tho Hi ghland Patriotic Society , —but nothing recent , or to be relied upon . I would readily subscribe , say 10 / ., towards tho expenses of a ' commissioner ; ' travelling for this purpose to tho poor colonies of both countries .: " —Sir Joahua ~ VV " almsley , Bart ., M . P ., in acknowledging the receipt of tlio petition adopted at tho Bolton meeting , says : — "I shall have pleasure in presenting your petition , and g iving to tho house all the particulars that the forms permit . It is a subject in which I havo long felt a deep interest , find ono in which I shall bo glad to bo useful . * Sir John Stuart Forbes , Bart ., Fottcrcairn , Scotland , writes : — " I cannot but rocard tho present as a favourable opportunity , under

      a now administration , and on tho ovo of a general election , to push this object . I bog to inclose , as a small donation , a post-oflico order for 81 ., and to say that I shall bo Uappy to do all in my power in this part of tho country , " Now HubHcriptioris acknowledged : —Sir . T . S . Forbes , Burl ; ., Ql . ; T . Bazloy , Esq ., President Chamber of Commerce , Manchester , & L ; J . Knowlos , Esq ., Tottington , 2 f . ; T . Gxundy , Esq ., Bury , 11 . ; W . Slater , Esq ., XI . Is .: S . Ogdon , Esq ., lion , secretary to tho Athonmum , 11 . Is . ; John Crook , Esq ., 11 . Is . ; S . II . ( por Mr . Stark ) 11 . Is . ; T . Cullen , Esq ., J . P . Bolton , it Is . ; J . ArrowBmith , Esq ., J . P . Bolton , 1 / . Is . ; Mr . Watorhouso , Bolton , 10 a . ; with

      numerous smaller sums . Tho secretary announced tliat tho following gontlomon had consented to have their names addod to tho general committee :- —Sir Ilobort Goro Booth , Bart ., M . P . ; Mr . William Sharman Crawford , M . P . ; Kov . A . W . Archer , A . Barrett , T . 11 . Bontly , William ITuntington , IL W . M'Grath , T . G . Loo , ¥ m , Kolk , Ephraim Harper , Wm . Trail , Samuel Warmn . hh . D . ana A . K . Pearco ; and Messrs . Matthew Hall ( Hulmo ) , K . A . Leako , J . 11 . Law , Thomas Grundy ( Bury ) , William * ( town councillor ) , Pilling ( alderman ) , Bowkor ( town councillor ) , T . 11 . Bridaon ( Bolton ) , and John Orooko . — Manchester JFJxaminer and Times .

      Department Of Practical Art. Maitiibobot...

      DEPARTMENT OF PRACTICAL ART . MAitiiBOBOtraii Hotrsu has been fixed on for the " Annual Exhibition of tho Works of tho Students" of tho Schools of Ornamontal Art , late Schools of Wesign , throughout the country ; and a circular has been issued

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), April 3, 1852, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_03041852/page/9/