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Leader (1850-1860), 1st November 1856, Edition 2 of 2, Page 4

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      America. The Pro-Slavery Party Has Carri...

      free society is that it is burdened with a servile class of mechanics and labourers unfit for self-government , and vet clothed with the attributes and powers of citizens . Master and slar « is a relation in society as necessary as that of parent and child , and the Northern States will yet have to introduce it . Their theory of free government is a delusion . " The Richmond Inquirer thin"ks that " the experiment of universal liberty has failed "that it is " unnatural , immoral , and unchristian , " and must give way to that system which is " old as the world , universal as man , " viz ., the slave system . " Free society ! " exclaims the Muscogee ( Alabama ) Herald . " We sicked at the name . What is it but a conglomeration of greasy mechanics , filthy operatives ,

      smallfisted farmers , and moon-struck theorists ? " The people of the northern States are "the northern hordes , " and they are "hardly fit for association with a southern gentleman ' s body servant . " The South Side Democrat has " got to hating everything with the prefix ' free , '" and " abominates" the New England free-schools " because they are free . " The Alabama Mail , alluding to the shooting of an Irish waiter by the ruffian Herbert ( a Democratic Congress man , -who , on being tried was acquitted ) , says : — " It is getting- time that waiters at the North were convinced that they are servants , and

      not ' gentlemen * in disguise . We hope this Herbert affair will teach themprudence . " Senator Butler ( the uncle of Mx . Preston S . Brooks ) proposes to disfranchise all men ¦ who do not possess a certain amount of property in negroes or land , and says that this may already be done legally in South Carolina ; and the Day Book ( one of the two papers in New York which support slavery ) suggests that _ the children of native Americans , Germans , and Irish , whose parents cannot support them , should be sold into slavery . Why do the men holding these opinions call themselves " democrats ?"

      A banquet has been given to Mr . Preston S . Brooks in South Carolina , at which he was presented with a stick ( not , however , across his back ) having the motto , "Use knock-down arguments . " Several threats of disunion , should Fremont be elected , were uttered .

      1036 ^__^J_Jj Ader ' N*Q» 345, Sattodat

      1036 ^__^ J _ JJ ADER ' n * Q » 345 , Sattodat

      The Neapolitan Question. The Corresponde...

      THE NEAPOLITAN QUESTION . The correspondence between France and Naples , in connexion with the reforms suggested by the Governments of Louis Napoleon and of her Britannic Majesty , -was published in tie Moniteur of Saturday last . The first document is addressed by Count Walewski to Baron Brenier , the French ambassador at Naples , and is dated May 21 st . The Minister states the opinion of the Emperor and his Government that " the present state of affairs in Naples , as well as in Sicily , seriously endangers the peace of Italy" and of Europe . The subject > vas ,

      therefore , brought before the attention of the Congress of Paris , and an appeal is addressed " to the Conservative spirit of the Government of the Two Sicilies itself , " which is requested to make the Trench Government acquainted with the measures it may think fit to adopt . "According to our notion , the Government of Naples is wrong in the choice of the means for maintaining tranquillity in its States , and it appears to us urgent that it should stop in the fals e path upon which it has entered . We think it superfluous to point out to it the measures best suited to obtain the end which it doubtless has in

      view ; in an amnesty wisely conceived and honestly applied , or in a reform in the administration of justice , it will find means suited to the wants which we confine ourselves to point out to it . " Further on , the Count observes : —" In abstaining to take notice of our warnings , the risk will be incurred of prejudicing the sentiments with which the Government of the Emperor has never ceased to show itself animated towards the Court of the Two Sicilies ; and , consequently , of provoking a coolness that would be much regretted . " In reply to this communication , Commander Carafa writes to the Marquis Antonini , the Neapolitan Minister at Paris , under date June 30 th . He observes : — "No

      Government has the right of interfering in the internal administration of another State , especially as regards its administration of justice . The measure imagined for the maintenance of peace , for the suppression and prevention of revolutionary mo vements , is . the very one calculated to create revolutions ; and , should any public disturbance take place here or in Sicily , it will precisely hare been caused by such a measure ; and it would provoke it by exciting to a high pitch the revolutionary feelings , not only in the States of the King , but in the -whole of Italy , by this inopportune protection granted to the principal agitators . The King , my master , has at all times exercised his sovereign clemency towards a great number of hi

      s guilty or misguided subjects by commuting their punishment or revoking their sentence of exile , and his benevolent heart suffers inexpressible anguish at finding that most men of tlna description are incorrigible , so that , if formerly our august master had it in his power w , a « m , ciomency » he is now compelled , much against ™ Lv ' J * , ° intorest of the public welfare , to relin-SrtT Tf i v conse ( lucnCQ of the excitement pro . GovornmeS « w K ° . - »*™<* suggestions of those Carafa oddnwwB Baron BrcS t A " * ' ' Co ^ m'indo ^ ¦ writ ** <« Tt L ZTlx »*« nior to tho same effect , anil That ? hTlcintZ ? S T *? Callt 0 mind ° " this occasion tSSiSniJi Stertht l ??» V" » tl > ° first to roaumo it « tranquillity after the late aftd ovent 8 without foreign aid

      and by the sole action of the King ' s Government . The advice of friends is always gratefully received ; but even friends ought to understand that what is good for one country may not be good for another . The wisdom of the King may always be relied upon , for he , better than any one else , is acquainted with circumstances and opportunities ; and surely the Imperial Government has never failed to recognize this indispensable freedom of action . " The last document is addressed by Count Walewski to Baron Brenier , on tha 10 th of ¦ October . ' Again asseverating that the advice offered proceeded " solely from the exalted idea of the maintenance of order and iu the general interests , " and observing that the reply of the Neapolitan Cabinet " is couched in a spirit which he abstains from qualifying , " Count Walewski thus concludes : —

      "You will , therefore , M-, le Baron , have the kindness ; , on receipt of this despatch , to take the necessary measures to leave Naples with the members of your legation . Similar instructions have been sent to the English . Embassy . You will hand over the archives of the legation , to the Consul of his Imperial Majesty . Moreover , and to provide eventually efficacious protection to French subjects residing in the kingdom of the Two Sicilies , a French squadron will be kept in readiness at Toulon ( se tiendra a Toulon ) , where it will be within reach to receive the orders that it might be found requisite to

      transmit to it in case that it should become necessary to entrust to it , in the interests of our fellow-subj . ects , the care of supplying the deficiency caused by the absence of official protection . To be prepared at the proper moment for such an eventuality the commander of this squadron has instructions to send occasionally one of the vessels placed under his orders to visit the ports of Naples and Sicily , when the captain of such vessel will place himself in communication with our Consuls . With a similar object in view it is the intention of her Britannic Majesty to station a squadron in the port of Malta . " .

      Continental Notes. ¦ . ¦ ' ' ¦' : ¦ ¦ ' ...

      CONTINENTAL NOTES . ¦ . ¦ ' ' ¦ ' : ¦ ¦ ' ' FRANCE . ¦ ¦ . ' " " ¦ ; ¦ ' ' '' : ¦ ' . The Countess Ch arles Fitzjames has expired from the effects of the burns which she received nearly a month ago . This accident was caused by the Countess treading on a lucifer match , which set her dress on fiie , whilst walking in her garden . The Correctional Tribunal of Paris , on the 30 th September last j condemned M . Paganelle , a priest under sentence of interdict , to a month ' s imprisonment for violating an order oi expulsion for two years from the department of the Seine , issued by the Prefect of Police .

      On the 22 nd ult ., the Imperial Court was occupied with M . Paganelle ' s appeal from that sentence . His defence was that his expulsion was the result of the intrigues of some of his clerical brethren . The President would not allow him to proceed in this way , saying it was disrespectful to the Church . He then accused the court of wishing to suppress the liberty of defence , of wanting to ruin him , to assasinate him , and to make a martyr of him . The court having confirmed the decision of the court below , the abbe rushed out of tho place with wild gesticulations , the President observing that he must be mad .

      Tlxe Moniteur de I'Arme ' e , in a paragraph detailing measures taken by the Emperor ' s orders for the more speedy distribution of Queen Victoria ' s Crimean medals to the French soldiers entitled to them , states that the fastenings of the medals , not having been yet furnished by the British Government , will bo distributed at a later p « riod . —Oh , omnipotent Circumlocution-office ! Oh , prevailing teachers of " how not to do it !" Among the Spanish refugees in France -who have profited by the recent permission granted to Count San Luis ' s friends to return to Spain is General Luca , formerly a captain-general of a province . He has just left Paris for Madrid . A fire broke out on Friday week in the old theatre in the Palace of Fontainebleau ; but it was speedily got under , and no great damage was done . The oldest general in France , and even ( as some say ) in Europe , Baron Despeaux , is just dead . Ho entered the army in 1778 , and his commission as General of Division is dated in 1794 . The vines in most of the wine districts in France are said to yield badly . The Bordeaux crops are especially scanty . Moro arrests of workmen have taken place at Paris , in . consequence of tho strikes . Menacing placards have been posted : these sometimes are worded in tho interests of the Legitimists , sometimes in that of the Orleunists , and BOtnetimes in that of the Red Republicans . The Paris papeTs have been ordered to abstain from giving , indirectly or implicitly , tho difference between the real price of broad and that at ^ vhich it is sold to tho public . The Charivari is said to have full permission to caricature tho Paris proprietors . AU 8 TUIA . Tho following is an extract of a circular of the Steam Navigation Company of tho Danube , which baa lately been much talked of . It is addressed to tlie inspectors and captains of the company : — " Wo learn thut foreign vessels are about to ascend tho Danube aa far as Belgrade , in order to establish business relations thore . It

      those vessels should meet with any accident by whieli human life is endangered , you must render them everv possible assistance . But , except in that case , the said steamers are not to be assisted in . any way , eith er b allowing them to enter our ports or landing-places or by furnishing them with pilots or coal , & c ., even ' payment . " ¦ •; .. It is stated that the -military priest ( Feld Superior who , by order of the Commander of the Army Corps in Moravia , buried Lieutenant Meissl in the churchyard at Grafenberg , has lost his place . The officers of the regiment in which Lieutenant Meissl served got up d subscription for the poor priest , and received a reproof for so doing . It is also whispered that Count Schaff gottsche , the Commander of the Army Corps in Moravia , is in disgrace , and likely to have the command of some remote fortress . —Times Vienna Correspondent .

      ¦ ¦¦ - -: ¦ SFAIX . General de-Meer has sent in h 5 s resignation as President of the Supreme Tribunal of War and Marine , and General Santos de la Hora has been appointed in his stead . The reorganization of the army and militia has been resolved on . In an exposition , signed by General Urbistondo , the new Minister for War , of the causes which have necessitated the measure , it is remarked that the military forces have not been found large enough either for then * home duties or in reference to the proportions which ought to be maintained with the armies of other nations . The 30 , 000 men of the militia are to be incorporated in the regular army , which is to undergo a new distribution .

      The Madrid Gazette of the 20 th ult . contains a decree granting an amnesty to all who took part in the insurrections of last July . The parties receiving the royal clemency are declared to have been led away by " deplorable errors and equivocal situations . " Another decree restores to their rank and places those persons-who were deprived of them in June and July , 1854 , at the time of the O'Donncll insurrection . A royal decree iu the Madrid Gazette , of the 21 st ult ., enacts that "the circular of the Council of Ministers , dated the 27 th August , 1854 , relative to her Majesty ' s august mother , shall be repealed , and remain without effect in all its parts . " It now appears probable that Marshal Serrano -will remain at Paris as the ambassador of the new

      Governm . A . decree has been published fixing the floating debt at 640 , 000 , 000 reals . Various reasons are advanced hi the report upon which the decree is founded , to i > rove that trie sum of 440 , 000 , 000 reals , at -which the debt had been fixed , was not sufficient . Some slight symptoms of agitation have been apparent at Barcelona , but the Liberal press bad advised tho people to keep quiet , and no serious apprehensions were entertained . M . Htigelntann , late editor and proprietor of the French Journal de Madrid , a Bonapartist organ , has sold that paper , for a large sum , to the Credit Mobilier authorities . . ITALY " .

      We read in a letter from Civita Vecchia : — " Since the 14 th of October the steam-corvette Centaur , six guns , and the gunboat .-Osprey , four guns , have been in our port . They belong to" Admiral Dundns's squadron , and are placed at the orders of her Britannic Majesty ' s Legation at Naples . The French steamer Vesuve passed in sight of Civita ¦ Vecpliia on the loth inst- M . Desault , diplomatic Attache , was on board bearer of the note which Baron Brennier had to present to the Neapolitan Government . "

      Count Cavour has been presented with ii gold . ' medal , sent to him by the inhabitants of Koine . It is about ait inch and a half in diameter , and bears on the obverse the bust of the Count , with the inscription "To Count Bonao di Cavour , " and on the reverse the words " For the defence of the oppressed Italian people at the Congress of Paris , mdccclvi , Grateful Home . " Tho ecclesiastical authorities at Rome have gone so far lately as to prohibit the introduction into the Pontifical dominions of the semi-official organ of the Austrian Government , tlie Corricre Italiuno , which ,

      published at Vienna , answers the purpose of an oflicial journal for the Italian provinces . But , the Austrian officials having given it to bo pretty plainly understood that they did not intend to submit to such a censorial proceeding , the Roman Government was obliged to readmit the offending publication , with a proviso , bowever , that it must not be taken amiss if in « elf-di'feoce the official organ of his Holiness ' s Government-should in future correct any misstatomonta upon lioninu mattoia appearing in tho Austrian journals . —Daily Nuirs Roman Correspondent .

      Tho Austrian Government having found tlint the director of polioo at Venice , oiks Jlhimenfddr , > vn . « « man too much givon to adhering to leyul forms and formalities , has suddenly given him « ix nionlli . - * ' leave , unil replaced him by IVunueschini , who was cliiof of police at Parma until the other clay . — Times Turin Comspondent . A Sigitora Virginia ttocculxulote , of Mo < kM )» , yonryst daughter of tho lsitu cok-limlcd enntntrieo of 1 l «« wmu ' name , him appeared i \ t . Turin in the psu't of l . » TrurU ^ and has produced a great fiouHntion . Tho Empress Dow / igor of Russia arrived at Cienon on

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 1, 1856, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_01111856/page/4/