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    292 EDUCATION IN FRANCE,

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    «S8s»~ No. Ii. Instruction The System Be...

    expense of tlie University , leading a sort of corporate life , sleeping and taking tlieir repasts in common . At the end of the two years

    the aspirants took their degrees in Paris , either from the Faculty of Literature or from that of Scienceand were then appointed to posts

    , in the various provincial academies by the Grand Master . , Besides the inspection of the schools thus provided for on the

    part of the regular agents of the University , the Prefects and Sub-Prefects of each Department were required to exercise a careful

    superintendence over the schools established within their respective jurisdictions . It was the duty of the former to visit in person ,

    accompanied by the maire at their pleasure , the principal Lyceums , Colleges , Institutions , and Pensions of their Departments ; while

    the work of looking into the state of affairs in those of the more obscure and distant localities was delegated to the latter . This

    inspection had reference principally to the degree of fidelity with which the rules and statuteslaid down by the Grand Council

    , , were carried out , and to the health and morals of the pupils . The heads of the various educational establishments were bound to

    furnish information on all _jDoints inquired into by tlie Prefects and Inspectors , who were authorised to demand information on these

    points not only from the professors , masters , and servants in the various schools , but also from the fathers of the pupils . Their

    reports , * accompanied by their own observations , were addressed both to the Grand Master of the University and to the Minister of

    the Interior . As before remarked , the provisions of the Constitutive Decree

    respecting the _' opeiiing of Primary Schools for boys , remained a dead letter ; while , so far from providing schools for the education of

    girls , the system of public instruction devised by _NajDoleon I ., less liberal than the plans brought forward by his predecessors of the

    Convention , took no notice of the existence of that portion of the population .

    .. Religious instruction , under the supervision of the Bishop of the diocese , was given to all pupils in the governmental and _miinicipal

    schools by Almoners appointed to that offtee . Priests , and members of the various religious bodies recognised by the State , were

    qualified to act as teachers , on obtaining a license from the University . The clerical schools which , under the name of Petits _Scminazres ,

    had formerly constituted the principal though very imperfect centres of general education , and which , as has already been remarked , had

    . disappeared during the Revolution , were re-opened when Napoleon had called back tlie clergy to the posts from which they had been

    expelled . But , though he felt the importance of securing tlie aid which the ecclesiastical body could render him , Napoleon took care

    to restore to it only so much of its ancient privilege as suited his purpose ; and accordingly these schools were brought , by a decree

    of August 9 th , 1811 , under the action of the University , and

    subjected , _Jilse all others , to its supervision and control .

    292 Education In France,

    292 EDUCATION IN FRANCE ,

• Citation
  • English Woman’s Journal (1858-1864), July 1, 1860, page 292, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ewj/issues/ewj_01071860/page/4/